中西方饮食文化对比研究英语专业论文本科毕业论文.docx

中西方饮食文化对比研究英语专业论文本科毕业论文.docx

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中西方饮食文化对比研究英语专业论文本科毕业论文

LUOYANGNORMALUNIVERSITY

2014届本科毕业论文

中西方饮食文化差异

院（系）名称

外国语学院

专业名称

英语（双学位）

学生姓名

张杨子

学号

120722066

指导教师

莫艳艳讲师

完成时间

2014年5月

LuoyangNormalUniversity

DifferentFoodCulturesBetweenChinaandtheWest

AThesisSubmitted

toForeignLanguagesCollegeof

LuoyangNormalUniversity

inPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

fortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

By

ZhangYangzi

Supervisor：

MoYanyan

May10,2014

中文摘要

饮食文化在世界文化中起着十分重要的作用，不同的国家有自己不同的饮食文化特点。

中国是一种农耕文化的陆地文化，而传统的西方文化是一种畜牧文化的海洋文化，两种不同的文化反映出人们生活方式的差异，其中饮食文化更是具有代表性的一个方面。

在此基础上，本文研究分析了中西饮食文化在各个方面的不同之处。

分析表明，在不同的文化背景下，中西方在饮食观念、饮食内容、饮食方式还是餐桌礼仪等各个方面的差异都是显而易见的。

正是这种不同饮食文化的沟通与交流，推动了全世界范围内文化的融合。

关键词:

差异；文化；饮食文化

Abstract

Inthecomplexworldculture,thedietarycultureplaysanextremelyimportantrole.ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturecreatedthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodculture.Differentcountrieshavetheirowndietarycultures.TraditionalChinesecultureisagriculturalcultureandlandculture,whiletraditionalwesterncultureisanimalhusbandrycultureandoceanculture.Thesetwokindsofculturesreflectdiverselifestylesinwhichfoodisthemostrepresentativeaspect.Invariouslyculturalcontexts,differencesinfoodlieinconcept,object,kitchenware,tableware,ortablemanners.Andunderstandingthesedifferencescouldpromotethecommunicationofculturesintheworld.

Keywords:

difference;culture;foodculture

TableofContents

中文摘要..........................................................................................................................................Ⅰ

Abstract............................................................................................................................................Ⅱ

TableofContents.............................................................................................................................Ⅲ

1.Introduction.......….……………………………………………………………............................1

2.DietaryConcept…………………....……………………………….............................................2

2.1.ChineseDietaryConcept………......……………………………………….........................2

2.2.WesternDietaryConcept….………………….…………………..…….….........................3

3.Food…………….…………………………………………………….........................................4

3.1.Condiment……...……………....…………………………………………….......................5

3.2.SideDish……......………………………………………………………..............................5

4.TableManners……………………………………………………...............................................7

4.1.DifferencesBetweenChineseandWesternTableManners…......……....................…….....7

4.2.CharacteristicsofTableManners…………...……………………………....................…...7

4.2.1.CharacteristicsofTableMannersinChina………………….......................................8

4.2.2.CharacteristicsofTableMannersintheWest................................................................8

5.Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................9

Bibliography....................................................................................................................................10

1.Introduction

Dietisnotonlythepremiseofsocialdevelopment,butalsotheparamountmaterialbaseforhumantosurvivewithgoodhealthcondition.Intheearlystageofbarbarism,likeotheranimals,lookingforfoodtosurviveisjusttheinstinctforhumanbeings.Butwhenmanbegantousefiretocookfoodandtheyenteredtheageofcivilization,especiallythetimeofcookingwiththepottery,thefoodbecamethecreationmadebythehumanownwisdomandtheirtechnology.Thenthereistheessentialdifferenceindietbetweenhumanbeingsandanimalsthatthediethasitsculturalnature.Thusthehistoryofhumandietistobethiskindofhistorythathumanadapttonature,conquerandreformnaturetosurviveanddevelopinthenature,andthehumandietaryculturegraduallycomesintobeinginthecourseofthisprogress.Asanimportantpartofhumanculture,thedietaryculturehasageneralizedmeaningandanarrowedmeaning.Thisthesisdiscussthedietarycultureinthisnarrowsensewhichisthetotalofmaterialwealthandspiritwealthcreatedandaccumulatedinthelong-termprogressoffoodconsumption,anditistheknowledgeaboutwhattoeat,howtoeatandwhytoeat,includingdietaryobject,dietarytablewareandsoon.

Chinahasprofoundculturalheritageofdietarycultureanddietplayaforemostroleinpeople’sdailylifesothatdietaryculturetakeahugeproportioninChineseculture.Facingthedietaryculturefromothercountries,weshouldacceptorrejectthembasedonourselvescondition.Wecan’tonlychaseforenjoymentintaste,becauseitisharmfultoourphysicalhealthifweeattoomuchforeignfoodwhichisbelongtothehighcaloriesfood.However,itisobviousthatweshouldn’taimlesslyrejectallthenewobjects.UndertheinfluenceofenteringtheWTOandglobalization,theinternationalconnectionhasbecomecloserandclosersothatthecollisionandfusioninthedietaryculturealwayshappenbetweenChineseandwesterners.Granted,ittakesalongtimefortwodifferentculturestomergeandcoexistandtheremustbeanaspectthatbothsidescan’tadapttoeachother.Ifthisphenomenonoccurs,weshouldtryourbesttounderstand,respectandtolerateanothercultureinrightmanner.

ThedifferenceofdietaryculturebetweenChineseandwesternerswillarouseculturemisunderstandingincertainextent.Forexample,manyChinesethinkthatHamburger,KFCandMcDonald’sarethetypicalfoodinAmerican.Butitisnotthefact.ThefactisAmericanfoodisverycomplex.

Therefore,inthisthesis,wediscussthedifferenceofdietaryculturebetweenChineseandwesternersfromdietaryconcept,dietaryobject,cookingutensil,dietarytablewareandtablemanners.Throughthestudy,itisbeneficialforbothsidestostrengthenthecommunicationinculture,andmoreabletoeliminatetheobstaclesandmisunderstandingwhentwonationsarecommunicating,sothatpeoplecanhavein-depthunderstandingaboutthedietaryculturefromChinaandwesterncountries.Tostudybothparties’dietaryculturedifferencefromvariousaspects,itcannotonlyhelpustostrengthentheawarenessandadaptionintheculturecommunication,butalsocanenhanceourunderstanding,tolerateandaccepttheforeignculture.ThenthismakesChineseandwesterndietaryculturecanmutuallydevelopandfuseincommunication,whichitplaysaremarkableroleinboostingthedevelopmentofcultureinthewholeworld.

2.DietaryConcept

Dietisabsolutelynecessaryinmankind’slife,andevenintheexistenceordevelopment.BecauseofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishculturaltraditions,theChineseandEnglishdietaryculturesaredifferentinconcept.

2.1.ChineseDietaryConcept

InChinesedietaryculture,peopleplaymoreattentiontopursuingthetastethantoemphasizingthenutrition.Theyconsiderthatthenutritionislessimportantifthefoodisdeliciousandgood-lookingenough.ThereasonwhythereisauniquedietaryculturethateatingisontopofthelistinChinesenationisthatproductivityhasbeenalwaysundertheaveragelevelforthousandsofyearsandpeoplehavenotenoughfoodtoeat.Peopleoftensaythetasteisthemostimportantinthewholeofcolor,aromaandtaste.Inaddition,thekeyofspecialcharminChinesedietisnothingbutitstaste.Chinesethinkalotofartandsensibility,sothepursuitofdelicioustasteisalwaysthehighestmeaningindietary.However,apartofthenutritionmaylackinpursuingthedeliciousnessinChinesediet.Theshapeofthefoodistheexternalthingwhilethetasteistheinternalthing.Emphasizingtheinnerandnotdecoratingpainstakinglytheexternal,oremphasizingthetasteratherthanshowingofftheformofthedishes,istheparamountexpressioninChinesedietaryconcept.Butitdoesnottakeanycountofthecollocationofnutrition.ThemedicatedfoodappearedintheTangdynastyandnowthereisaformulationthat“diettherapyisbetterthanmedicaltreatments”,whichallreflectthatChinesepayattentiontothecollocationindietarynutritionsinceancienttimes.However,thetraditionalnutritiontheoryonlyhasavagueconceptwithoutspecificdataanalysisaswesternerstofigureoutwhatkindoffoodisgoodforhealthwithnutrition.Chinesepeoplearethinkinghighlyofeat.Breadisthestaffoflife,thisoldadageexplainedthatweseeeatingasimportantasdays.Becauseournationalforthousandsofyearsareinthelowlevelofproductivity,peoplealwaysdonothaveenoughtoeat,sotheywouldhaveauniquefoodculturethateatingisveryimportant.Ithinkthisisprobablyfromasurvivaltoneeds.LiXiaohongpointedout:

Ifacultureputateasprimary,soitwillappeartwophenomena:

ononehandwillputthefoodfunctiontoacme,notonlysurvive,butalsouseittomaintainhealthy,thisisalsotheculturebasisthat―dietcuresmorethanthedoctors.Ontheotherhand,theexcessiveattentiontoeat,itcanmakethepersonpraisehighlyofdeliciouspursuit.

2.2.WesternDietaryConcept

Inwesterndietaryculture,eatinglikeabiologicalmachineaddfuel,especiallyaboutthefood'snutritioncomposition,protein,fat,carbohydrates,vitaminsandallkindsofinorganicelementcontent,peopleplaymoreattentiontopursuingthenutritionthantoemphasizingthecolor,aromaandtaste.Thewesterndietisakindofrationaldietsothattheydevoteparticularcaretothenutritionandcollocation.Theytreatdietaryasasciencewitharealisticatti