精选河南省郑州市高一英语上学期期中试题.docx

精选河南省郑州市高一英语上学期期中试题.docx

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精选河南省郑州市高一英语上学期期中试题

2017-2018学年高一上学期期中考试

英语试题

题号

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

总分

得分

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Whetheryourelyonyourbikefortransportationorexercise，you'llenjoythesefunfactsonthistwo-wheeledvehicle．

In1817，KarlvonDrais，aGermanbaron，inventedahorselesscarriagethatwouldhelphimgetaroundfaster．Thetwo-wheeled，pedallessdevicemovedbypushingyourfeetagainsttheground．Themachinebecameknownasthe"draisine"，andledtothecreationofthemodern-daybicycle．Theterm"bicycle"wasnotintroduceduntilthe1860s，whenitwascoinedinFrancetodescribeanewkindoftwo-wheelerwithamechanicaldrive．

OrvilleandWilburWright，thebrotherswhobuiltthefirstflyingairplane，operatedasmallbikerepairshopinDayton，Ohio．Theyusedtheirworkshoptobuildthe1903WrightFlyer．FredA．Birchmore，25，circledtheglobebybicyclein1935．Theentiretrip，throughEurope，Asia，andtheUnitedStates，covered40，000miles．Hepedaledabout25，000miles．Therestwastraveledbyboat．Heworeoutsevensetsoftires．

Inthe1980s，bicycledeliveryservicesdevelopedintoanimportantindustry，especiallyincities，wherethecouriers（快递员）earnedareputationfortheirhighspeedandtraffic-weavingskills．

Americansusetheirbicyclesforlessthanonepercentofallurbantrips．Europeansbikeincitiesalotmoreoften---inItaly5percentofalltripsareonbicycle，30percentintheNetherlands，and7outof8Dutchpeopleoverage15haveabike．

TheTourdeFranceisoneofthemostfamousbicycleracesintheworld．Establishedin1903，itisconsideredtobethebiggesttestofenduranceoutofallsports．LanceArmstrong，anAmericancyclist，istheonlyridertohavewon7titlesaftersurvivingcancer．

1.Theunderlinedword"coined"inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby______．

A.bought

B.discovered

C.printed

D.created

2.Whomadethemostimportantcontributiontothebike？

______

A.KarlvonDrais．

B.TheWrightbrothers

C.FredA．Birchmore．

D.LanceArmstrong．

3.Thecouriersinthe1980sinthecitiespreferredthebikebecauseitwas______．

A.beautifulandproducednonoise

B.asymboloffashionandwealth

C.cheapandcouldbemovedabouteasily

D.fastandrarelyaffectedbytrafficconditions．

B

ThedefeatofLeeSedol，theworld'sstrongestGo（围棋）player，byaGoogleartificialintelligence（AI）program，lookslikeanothermilestonetowardsaworldwherecomputerscandoalmostanythingahumancan．Itisnot．Thereareuncountablethingsthatonlyahumancando，andthatnocomputerseemscloseto．Theproblemisthatthepurelyhumanthingsarenoteconomicallyusefultoanyone．Thethingsthatcomputerscanbetaughttodoarebycontrasteconomicallyfantastic．Buteventhemostpowerfulprogramsarenothuman，justasashovel（铲车）．Theyhavenofeelings．Whattheyhaveispower，butthispowerisgrowingataratethatshouldfrightenusall．

Itmightbelessfrighteningifcomputersweretrulyintelligent，buteventhemostpowerfulnetworksarelesshumanthanmonstrousMartians（火星人）．Theirpowerwillbeusedtomakemoneyforthefirmsthatfinancetheirdevelopment，andthenforothersquickandcleverenoughtotakeadvantageofthenewworld．Itisfarmorelikelythattheywillincreaseinequalityandstillfurtherremovethemiddleclassesaswemovetowardsanhourglass（以金钱来衡量的）societyinwhicheveryoneiseitherveryrichorverypoorandlikelyindebted．

Oneoftheilleffectsofthespreadofmoreintelligentcomputernetworksis，atthesametime，thespreadofwhatmightbecalledartificialstupidity．IfAIisemployedlargelytoreplaceunskilledlabour，itismostproductivewhenlabouriskeptunskilledorredefinedthatway．Somuchoftheworkinserviceindustriesisnowsimplifieduntilitmightbeautomated（自动化）．Androbotswillneverneedpensions．AIisslowlyreducingskilledwork，likesomeformsofmedicaldiagnosis（诊断），atthesametime，asolderdoctorscomplainthatthetraditionalhumanskillsofdiagnosisarefallingoutofmedicaltraining．Thebeliefthateverythingworthwhilecanbemeasuredandthenmanagedisfarmoredamagingtohumanitythanthethreatofartificialintelligenceonitsown．

ButnovictoryincomplicatedGogamescanbringusclosertotrulyhuman-likecomputers．

4.BymentioningthedefeatofLeeSedol，theauthorintendstotellusthat______．

A.computerscancompletelyreplacehumansineverything

B.humansareofnopracticaleconomicvaluestothesociety

C.thepowerofcomputersisgrowingatafrighteningrate

D.AIprogramscannotcomparewithhumanseconomically

5.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatthepowerofcomputerswill______．

A.improvethequalityofhumanlife

B.promoteequalityatworkplaces

C.makecontributionstohumandevelopment

D.widenthegapbetweentherichandthepoor

6.Whatdoes"artificialstupidity"inParagragh3mean？

______

A.Unskilledworkersbecomestupid．

B.AIdiscouragesskilledwork．

C.Computersdon'tneedpensions．

D.AIisruiningmedicaltraining．

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofartificialintelligence？

______

A.Optimistic．

B.Supportive．

C.Sceptical．

D.Cautious．

C

Thedecisionsthatwemakeshapeusthroughoutourlives．Nomatterwhatdecisionswemake，goodorbad，eachoneputsusonanewroadinthefuture．Makeabaddecision？

Noproblem．Learnfromthedecisionandmakeanotherdecisiontogetonadifferentpath．ThisisadvicethatIgotfromTonyRobbinsinhisbookAwakentheGiantWithin．ThisisabookthatIrecommendtoanyonewaitingtodevelopafirewithintomakechangesintheirlife．IthelpedmetounderstandhowfearofmakingpoorchoiceswashinderingmefrombecomingthegreatmanwhoIamtoday．NowIamnotsayingthatIamawell-knownpersoninanyparticularcircle．ButIamthekingofmycastleworkinghardandtryingtomakegooddecisionsinregardtothepathsthatIhavechosen．Iamagreatmanintheeyesofmywifeandmychildren．AndthatisalltherecognitionthatIneedinmylifetime．AndIknowthatmypastfailureshavebeenthebuildingblockthatIcontinuetobuildmycareerandself-imageinmycommunitythatIlivein．

BenLerer，cofounderandCEOoftheThrillistMediaGroup，isagoodexampleofthis．InanarticleontheFastCompanywebsite，Lerertalksaboutthisverysubject．Hesays，"Ihavetomakesomereallytoughdecisionsbutfinally，Ithinkthebestcompaniesarethosethatcanrecognizewhensomethingisn'tgoingright，andfixit，insteadofjustturningablindeyebecauseit'seasier．"Greatpeoplemakedecisions．Whenadecisiondoesnothavethedesiredresult，makeadifferentdecision．Itdoesnotgetanysimplerthanthat．

8.FromTonyRobbins'bookAwakentheGiantWithin，thewriterknew______．

A.makingabaddecisionisveryterrible

B.makingdecisionshelpsusbecomeagreatman

C.beingafraidtomakeabaddecisionisverynatural

D.learningfromthebaddecisioncanhelpmakeanewchoice

9.Theunderlinedword"hindering"canbereplacedby______．

A.stopping

B.stealing

C.preserving

D.requiring

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？

______

A.Abaddecisionhasabadeffectonpeople

B.Thebestcompanycanadmitandcorrectabaddecision

C.Peopleshouldlearnhowtomakeagooddecision

D.Makingadecisionismuchsimplerthanchangingone

11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage？

______

A.OvercomeYourFears

B.TakeAction

C.Makedecisions

D.TrustYourself．

D

WhenMr．Davidretired，heboughtasmallhouseinavillagenearthesea．Helikeditandhopedtoliveaquietlifeinit．

Buttohisgreatsurprise，manytouristscametoseehishouseinsummerholidays，foritwasthemostinterestingbuildinginthevillage．Frommorningtonightthereweretouristsoutsidethehouse．TheykeptlookingintotheroomsthroughthewindowsandmanyofthemevenwentintoMr．David'sgarden．ThiswastoomuchforMr．David．Hedecidedtodrivethevisitorsaway．Soheputanoticeonthewindow．Thenoticesaid：

"Ifyouwanttosatisfyyourcuriosity，cameinandlookround．Price：

twentydollars．"Mr．Davidwassurethatthevisitorswouldstopcoming，buthewaswrong．MoreandmorevisitorscameandMr．Davidhadtospendeverydayshowingthemaroundhishouse．"Icameheretoretire，nottoworkasaguide．"Hesaidangrily．Intheend，hesoldthehouseandmovedaway．

12.Mr．David'shousewas______thatmanytouristscametoseeit．

A.sosmall

B.soquiet

C.sointeresting

D.suchinteresting

13.Mr．Davidputanoticeonthewindowinorder______．

A.todrivethevisitorsaway

B.tosatisfythevisitor'scuriosity

C.toletvisitorscomeinandlookround

D.togetsomemoneyoutofthevisitors

14.Thenoticemadethevisitors______．

A.moreinterestedinhishouse

B.lostinterestinhishouse

C.angryattheunfairprice

D.feelhappyabouttheprice

15.AfterMr．Davidputupthenotice______．

A.thevisitorsdidn'tcomeanylonger

B.fewerandfewervisitorscametoseehishouse

C.moreandmoretouristscameforavisit

D.notouristwouldpaythemoneyforavisit

16.Atlasthehadtosellhishouseandmoveawaybecause______．

A.hedidnotlikeitatall

B.hecouldnotworkasaguide

C.hemadeenoughmoneyandwantedtobuyanewexpensivehouse

D.hecouldnotliveaquietlifeinit．

二、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）

Aladywantedabirthdaygiftfromherhusband．Formanymonthsshehadlikedabeautiful（17），andknowingherhusbandcould（18）it，shetoldhimthatwasallshewanted．Onthemorningofthe（19），herhusbandtoldherhow（20）hewastohavesuchagoodwife，andhowmuchhelovedher．He（21）herabeautifulgiftpackage（纸盒）．Sheopeneditand（22）aBible．（23），sheraisedher