高中英语语法讲练结合名词性从句.docx
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高中英语语法讲练结合名词性从句
2019-2020年高中英语语法讲练结合-名词性从句
一.概念
名词性从句共有四种:
主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句
二.相关知识点精讲
1．主语从句：
主语从句在整个句子中作主语。
（1）不同于其它的连词，它不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常不可以省略。
分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。
Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiswarwasobvious.
Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.
（2）if不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether
Whetherheleft（ornot）isunknown
（3）当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。
Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.
Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.
2.表语从句：
表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。
Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.
Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.
（1）引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because,asif/asthough等等
Thereason（why/forwhich…..）isthat……
It/This/Thatisbecause……
（2）连系动词“appear,look,seem”的两个常用句型
Itseems/appearsthat….
Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough……（与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气）
（3）as也可以引导表语从句
Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe
3.宾语从句：
及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。
（1）宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外
Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun
（2）连词whether和if可以互换，但注意下列情况
连词后紧跟ornot时用whether
Iwanttoknowwhetherornottheywille.
作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句
Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.
连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether
Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostayornot.
如果宾语从句是否定时，一般用if引导
Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.
（3）当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it+宾补+that-clause,that不可省略
Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
（4）当主语是I,we，主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五个动词时，用否定转移
Idon’tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?
（5）that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词that
Hesaid（that）hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn’thungry.
（6）注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句
Idon’tknowifhewille.
Ifhees,I’llletyouknow.
4.同位语从句，在句中作某些名词的同位语，对前面的名词进一步说明。
用在下列名词fact,news,idea,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt.truth,order,suggestion,wordetc.
（1）Thereisnodoubtthathewille.
Thereisdoubtwhetherhewille.
WordcamethatNapoleonwouldetoinspectthem.
Thereisnopossibilitythat….
（2）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
在同位语从句中：
that不可以省略，不作成分;定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句作成分，作宾语时可以省略
Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.
Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.
when,where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
在定语从句中，when,where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词；而在同位语从句中无此对应关系
Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.（同位语从句）
Goandgetyourcoat.It’sintheplacewhereyouleftit.（定语从句）
5.疑问词-ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句
NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.
Ibelieverwhateverhesays.Whateverhesays,Iwillneverbelievehim.
who与whoever的区别
who是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，who相当于anyonewho“无论谁”
Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
Canyoutellmewhothatgentlemanis?
6．当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what，它相当于。
另外，有时具有感叹意义allthat,anythingthat或thething（s）that
Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.
TomthoughtwhatabeautifulgirlMarywas.
7.注意区分it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句
强调句句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that，句子仍然成立。
Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主语从句
Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.强调句
Whatwasitthathewanted?
Idon’tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.
Itwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblem
8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同
Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.
Asisknowntoall.theearthisround.
三.巩固练习
1．____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.
A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If
2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____
A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadeabout
C.hadthequarreleaboutD.hadthequarreleabout
3.Energyis____makesthingwork..
A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that
4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as
5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.
A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when
6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.
A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego
C.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone
7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.
A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat
8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.
A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleave
C./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave
9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether
10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if
11.Is_____hesaidreallytrue?
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether
12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.
A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where
13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.
A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for
14._____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.
A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If
15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If
16.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How
17.____alltheinventionshaveinmonis____theyhavesucceeded.
A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what
18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.
A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That
19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.
A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped
20.____causedtheaccidentisstillapletemystery.
A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who
22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.
A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who
23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?
AthatBitChisDhe
24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.
A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat
25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday___usgood.
A.thatdoB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;dose
26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.
Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which
27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.
A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever
28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.
A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what
29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.
A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which
30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.
AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy
31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdon’t.
A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what
32.Whattimedoyouthink__?
A.willTomebackB.Tomwilleback
C.isTomingbackD.canTomgethere
33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.
A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels
34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.
A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that
35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that
36.Insomecountries,___arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythestate.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.what
37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudon’tisaterriblemistake.
A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat
38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what
39.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?
A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it
40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.
A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whatever
C.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however
41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.
A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace
42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because
43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.
A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether
44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?
---No,I’mnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.
A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why
45.Thedoctorcouldn’tanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what
46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.
A.thatB.whichC.thatwhatD.whatthat
47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice?
---___Iwaslastnight.
A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What
48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what
49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.
A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./
50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.
A.whichB.itC.whatD.that
四.答案
1—5ABABC6—10AABAC11—15BBCAB16—20BCBAA
21—25BABAD26—30ADBCC31—35BBDBC36—40DCDDA
41—45CBBBC46—50CCCBC
2019-2020年高中英语语法讲练结合-定语从句
一.概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句,称为定语从句,也叫形容词性从句
二.相关知识点精讲
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who,whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：
Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?
他就是你想见的人吗？
（who/that在从句中作主语）
Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2）whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）。
例如：
Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Pleasepassmethebookwhose（ofwhich）coverisgreen. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which,that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：
Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
（which/that在句中作宾语）
Thepackage（which/that）youarecarryingisabouttoeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
（which/that在句中作宾语）
2.关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）关系副词when,where,why
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