中级基础班语法系列讲义.docx

中级基础班语法系列讲义.docx

《中级基础班语法系列讲义.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中级基础班语法系列讲义.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

中级基础班语法系列讲义

中级基础班语法系列讲义之一

✧*时态及语态

A不定式B分词及动名词

主动

被动

一般式

todo

tobedone

完成式

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

主动

被动

一般式

doing

beingdone

完成式

havingdone

havingbeendone

C过去分词：

done

PartOne

Toerrishuman.

Theimportantthingistosavelives.

Shelikestotravelwithhim.

Isthereanyone（toboard）?

Leonstayedinthehospital[totakecareofhisgirlfriend].

Matildacannotrememberthestory（tobetold）.

Sheissaidtohavemarriedtheoldman.

Theinnocentmanissaidtohavebeensentencedtodeath.

PartTwo

Seeingisbelieving.

Hishabitiswalkingalongtheriverafterdinner.

Whenyougiveuptrying,youwillobtainnothing.

Everybodyisathis（fighting）post.

Icallthis[robbingPetertopayPaul].

Theofficerenjoyedbeingflatteredafterhewaspromoted.

Clintonregretshavinglefthispreviouswife.

Shewillneverforgethavingbeeninvitedtodancewithboysheiscrazyabout.

PartThree

Theplayerisperforming,herrightarmdrawingthebowtoandfro.

Theexperimenthavingbeenfinished,theyleftthelab.

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,hehadtostay.

Don’treadinamovingcar.

Theplayperformedbythefreshmanimpressedmesomuch.

Youaremistaken.

Themovieisexcitingindeed.

Visitingtheoldhouse,Imetmypreviouswife.

BeingsickTommystayedinthehospital.

Keepingonyourfeet,youwillmakeyourselfmoretired.

Beinghurttimeandagain,shekeptontakingcareofhermadhusband.

Thenewdresscostallthelady’smoney,leavingheranemptywallet.

Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.

Heated,theicebeginstomelt.

Beatenbythepolice,senttojail,Gandhiinventedtheprincipleofnon-violentresistance.

✧

*状态

常表示目的不定式现在分词：

主动且进行

常表示状态分词过去分词：

被动且完成

Tokeepthesalehighenough,thesalesmanisalwaysbusy.

Keepingthesalehighenough,thesalesmanisprideofhimself.

boilingwater/boiledwaterdevelopingcountry/developedcountry

thechangingworld/thechangedworld

✧变态

1.objectto,confessto,lookforwardto,reasonfor,needof,beafraidof,beinterestedin,insiston,persistin,longfor...

Susanobjecttomarryingthedyingman.

Thereisnoreasonforretreatingfromthebattlefield.

Shewasalwaysinterestedintakingpart-timejobswhenshewasstillacollegestudent.

2.admit,appreciate,avoid,cannothelp,cannotresist,deny,dislike,ensure,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,imagine,keep（on）,mind,miss,practice,prevent,recall,recollect,suggest,understand...

Theguiltyyoungladyadmittedmurderingherhusband.

Anyofusshouldavoidcausingdamageswhenweusepublicfacilities.

Theexcellentstudentpracticesrecitingpassagesanddialogueseverymorning.

3.consider,discover,discuss,explain,findout,guess,know,inquire,observe,see,settle,show,teach,understand,wonder,（how,when,why,where,whether,which）...

Tellmewhentostart.

Actually,Idon’tknowwhattodo.

Itisnotnecessarytotellthemwheretogo.

4.remember,forget,mean,stop,try...

Themanagerstoppedtosmoke.TheStewartstrytobuyanewhouse.

Themanagerstoppedsmoking.TheStewartstrybuyinganewhouse.

5.have,help,let,made,get（使役）…

see,watch,hear,notice（感观）…

Matildahelpsmefinishtheinvestigation.

Iheardthecouplediscusstheirprivatematters.

Thepolicesawhimrobtheteller.

中级基础班语法系列讲义之二

✧谓语的时态

一般体

进行体

完成体

完成进行体

过去

现在

将来

过去将来

PartOne

Herprevioushusbandwasavendor.Shemarriedavender.

Hercurrenthusbandisanoutstandingpianotuner.Shemarriesanoutstandingpianotuner.

Hernexthusbandwillbethepresidentofthecountry.ShewillmarrythePresidentofthecountry.

PartTwo

Theyoungladywasmakingforthefireescapewhenthefiremansecuredher.

Iambeinglazywhenmygirlfriendcallsme.

ShewillbeflyingtoSanFranciscowhenweclassmateshavedinnerpartyinBeijingtomorrowevening.

PartThree

Leonhastraveledthewholeworld.

TheSmithshavetraveledeverycityalongtheeastcoast.

ManyofushavebeentotheCrackSchoolforatleasttwotimes.

Beforetheclasswasover,thestudentshadbeenworriedaboutFuLisong’spiercingvoice.

Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadfinishedlearningsomesimplesentencestructures.

Hedidn’tgetmarrieduntilhehadfinishedhisschooleducation.

WhenyouarriveinHawaiiyourbosswillhaveprobablystayedtherefortwoweeks.

ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavewashedmyclosebymyself.

PartFour

Thewaterhasbeenleakingforsometime,andwe'dbetterhavethepiperepairedrightnow.

Thelonelyforeignwidowhasbeensobbingbytheriver,inordertomournherdrownedhusband.

✧语态

Thethiefdestroyedthewindowlastnight.

Thewindowwasdestroyedbythethieflastnight.

Itisbelievedthat…Itisconsideredthat…

Itisestimatedthat…Itisexpectedthat…

Itisfoundthat…Itishopedthat…

Itismentionedthat…Itisnoticedthat…

Itissaidthat…Itissupposedthat…

Itisthoughtthat…Itiswellknownthat…

Ithasbeendecidedthat…Ithasbeenprovedthat…

Itcannotbedeniedthat…Itshouldbepointedthat…

中级基础班语法系列讲义之三——主谓一致

✧PartOne（clothes,trousers,shoes,socks,gloves,glasses…）

Yourtrouserslooklikerags.

Hergloveswereleftinyourcar.

✧PartTwo

Ahundredyearsiscalledacentury,whiletenyearsiscalledadecade.

Other700kilometersisstillaheadtoarriveinVietnam.

Eachcolorandstylesuitsyou.（every,eitherof,no,manya,morethanone…）

Oneandahalfgirlfriendsiswaitingforyou.

Seeingisbelieving!

Toseeistobelieve.

Takingpart-timejobsisahelpfulmeasureforstudents.

Thinkingaboutyourcareerisalwaysabeneficialstart.

Whathetoldyouisnottrue.

WhencanwecomebacktoGuiyangisstillinquestion.

✧PartThree

A:

（army,class,enemy,government,family,group,party,public,team,audience….）

Ourteamareinhighspirit.Ourteamwasdefeatedyesterday.

Theaudienceweredeeplymovedbytheplayer.Theaudienceiscertainlylarge.

B:

（…and…）

Thepresidentandtheservantarepreparingforthelecture.

Thepresidentandservantispreparingforthelecture.

C:

（…numberof…）

Thenumberoffootballticketsislimited.

Anumberoffootballticketsareavailable.

✧Partfour

A:

（aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,with,alongwith,togetherwith,inadditionto,except,including,like…）

Thefather,ratherthanthesechildren,looksyounger.

Herparentsaswellasmygirlfriendaresupportingmetogoonwithmyschooleducation.

Youropponentaswellasyoufeelsitdifficulttoachievethegoal.

Thegeneral,alongwith（togetherwith）hisofficers,isboarding.

Theyoungman,likehisfriends,isasthinasapole.

B:

（or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso…）

Thethieforhispartnersisarrested.

NeitheryounorIamanexpert.

Notonlythepassengersbutalsotheairhostessisworriedabouttheirfate.

中级基础班语法系列讲义之四——关于“it”

✧PartOne:

Itisimportant（necessary,urgent,difficult,easy,convenient,comfortable,expensive,desirable,advisable…）forsomeonetodosomething.

Itisimportanttohaveagirlfriendwhenyougrowup.

ItisnecessaryforustolearntousethegrammarofEnglish.

Itisadvisableforeveryofustomakealistofourtasksbeforewetakeactions.

Itisalwaysrightforanyofustomanagetogoonwithoureducation.

Itisexpensiveforthefamilytotravelalongtheeastcoast.

✧PartTwo:

Itisimportant（necessary,urgent,difficult,easy,convenient,comfortable,expensive,desirable,advisable…）that….

Itiscertainlyimportantthatwedepositatleasthalfofourmoneyforthefuture.

Itisurgentthatthedefendanttakesdrasticmeasurestokeepthedyingwitnessalive.

ItispossiblethateveryoneherecanlearnEnglishwell.

Itisdifficultthatallthewordsshouldberememberedinaweek,butitiseasythattheyarerepeatedseveraltimesduringtheperiod.

✧PartThree

IthinkitpossibletopreparefortheTOEFLandGREatthesametime.

TheimprovementsofcomputertechnologymakeiteasytoexploretheworldinInternet.

Alltheskillsmakeitconvenienttorecitethewords.

Theheavyfogmakesitdifficultthatthedriverfindoutthewaytowardthedowntown.

Thelabelsmakeiteasythatthefreshmansearchfortheinformationinthedictionary.

中级基础班语法系列讲义之五

✧PartOne:

Therebe…

常用对应时态

单数

复数

一般现在时

Thereis…

Thereare…

一般过去时

Therewas…

Therewere…

过去完成时

Therehasbeen…

Therehavebeen…

Thereisanexpertinourcompany.

Therearemanyexpertsinourcompany.

Therewasafamousplaceofinterestinthedesert.

TherewereagroupofpioneerslivingintheParisIsland.

Therehasbeenanincreaseinthedemandofwaterinrecentyears.

Therehavebeengreatchangesinhisprivatelifesincehegotdivorced.

✧PartTwo:

Itis/was…that/who/whom…

Example:

Theoldmanmethisfirstlove[inthelibrary][twoyearsago].

Itwastheoldmanthat/whomethisfirstloveinthelibrarytwoyearsago.

Itwashisfirstlovethat/whomtheoldmanmetinthelibrarytwoyearsago.

Itwasinthelibrarythattheoldmanmethisfirstlovetwoyearsago.

Itwastwoyearsagothattheoldmanmethisfirstloveinthelibrary.

Example:

Allofusarehavingourgrammarcourse[attheCrackschool][rightnow].

Itisallofusthat/whoarehavingourgrammarcourseattheCrackschoolrightnow.

ItisourgrammarcoursethatallofusarehavingattheCrackschoolrightnow.

ItisattheCrackschoolthatallofusarehavingourgrammarcourserightnow.

ItisrightnowthatallofusarehavingourgrammarcourseattheCrack