图表作文.docx

图表作文.docx

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图表作文

图表作文

一、写作技巧

图表作文即根据图表所提供的材料作文。

写作步骤如下：

1．审题：

阅读题目及提示

2．看图：

搞清图表所包含的信息、数据

3．析图：

找出变化规律，提出相关的问题

4．解题

5．提纲

提纲一般包括三部分：

描述图表、分析问题、结论。

描述图表是应注意以下几点：

1．无须纠缠图表细节

2．注重图表所表达的总的趋势和规律

3．注意动词时态。

叙述特定的过去时间的情况用过去时，叙述自己的评述或经常出现的情况用一般现在时。

所有的图表有以下几种类型：

A．表格（Table）

表格有数字表格和文字表格两种。

这种图表的优点是条理清楚，一目了然。

（ChangesinPeople’sDiet）（TheWorld’sLargestAgingCountry）

ChangesinPeople’sDiet

1.Statethechangesinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.

2.Givepossiblereasonsforthechanges

3.Drawyourownconclusions.

Food/Year

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

Grain

49%

47%

46.5%

45%

45%

Milk

10%

11%

11%

12%

13%

Meat

17%

20%

22.5%

23%

21%

FruitandVegetables

24%

22%

20%

20%

21%

Total

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

Fromthistable,wecanseethatinthepastfiveyears,somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdiet.Theproportionofgrain,whichisthemainfoodofChinesepeople,hasdecreasedby4%in1990comparedwith1986.Onthecontrary,theconsumptionofsomehigh-energyfoodhasbeenincreasingsteadily.Milkandmeatincreasedby2%andby4%respectively.Fruitandvegetableshaveslightlydecreasedduringthisperiod.

Thechangesinpeople’sdietindicatesthechangesinpeople’slivingstandardandlifestyle.Ontheonehand,morevarietiesoffoodareavailablewiththedevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Ontheotherhand,peoplecanaffordtobuyfoodwithbetternutrition.Theypaymoreattentiontothequalityoffoodandthestructureoftheirdiet.

Inconclusion,thetableshowsthatthepeople’slivingstandardhasbeenrisingyearbyyear.Furtherchangesinpeople’sdietcanbeexpectedinthefuture.

TheWorld’sLargestAgingCountry

Period

PopulationAged60andAbove（million）

ProportionofTotal（%）

1996

100

8.3

2002

130

10.2

2020

230

15.6

2050

410

27.4

（TrendofPopulationinChina）

TheWorld’sLargestAgingCountry

Nowadays,theproblemofagingpopulationisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousinChina.Accordingtothetable,thenumberofelderlypeopleaged60andabovereached100million,occupying8.3%ofthetotalpopulationin1996.Sixyearslater,thenumberofthatagenumbered130million,accountingforover10%ofChina’stotalpopulation.Itisestimatedthatbythemiddleofthenextcentury,thepopulationoftheagedinChinawillreachitspeakperiod,makingup27.4percentofthetotal,andthusmakingChinatheworld’slargestagingcountry.

TheproblemofagingpopulationismainlyattributedtothequickdevelopmentofChina’seconomy,theriseinpeople’slivingstandardandtheimprovementofmedicalconditions.Becauseofthesereasons,thebirthanddeathratesinChinahaverapidlydroppedoverthepastdecades,whichhasacceleratedtheprocessoftheagingofChina’spopulation.

Confrontingtherapidityofthepopulation’saging,weshouldtakecountermeasuresimmediately.Firstofall,weshouldparmoreattentiontosocialsecurity,welfareandservice.Secondly,family-agecareshouldbeencouraged,formostoftheelderlypeoplehavetorelyontheirfamilyforfinancialandemotionalsupport.Finally,weshouldsetupmoreentertainmentandrecreationcenterstoenricholdpeople’slife.

B．条形图（BarGraph，Chart）

条形图用高度或长度表示不同的数量。

分析条形图要注意：

a.图例含义

b.横轴和纵轴所代表的内容

c.克度单位和量值观（StudentUseofComputers）

Averagenumberofhoursastudentspendsonthecomputerperweek

1.上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；

2.请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；

3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用方面中有什么困难或问题。

StudentUseofComputers

Asshowninthechartabove,wecanclearlyseeadramaticincreaseintheaveragenumberofhoursacollegestudentspendsonthecomputerperweek.In1990,astudentspentonly2hoursaweekonthecomputer,whereasthenumberincreasedto20hoursbytheyear2000.

Whathascausedsuchanincrease?

First,computersarenowwidelyusedinoursociety,especiallyinuniversities.Nowadays,computersareusedtowrite,read,calculateandplaygames.Secondly,pricesofcomputershavebeengoingdown（dropping）veryquickly.Inearly1990s,a286wouldcostover35,000RMB.NowyoucanbuyaPentiumIVwithonlyseveralthousandyuanoranIBMlaptopwithabout15,000yuan.Soit’spossibleforacollegestudenttoaffordacomputer.Besides,It’sveryeasytofindnetbarsinthecityanditisverycheaptousecomputersinthenetbars.

Itiscertainlyagoodphenomenonthatmoreandmorestudentsaremakinguseofcomputersintheirstudy.However,therearestillsomeproblemsandworrieswhichneedourattention.First,manystudentsusecomputersonlytoplaygamesorchatontheInternet.Aroundthecampus,wecanoftenseeInternetbarsfullofstudentsevendeepatnight.Longhoursofsittingatthecomputerisnogoodtoone’shealthandalsoaffectsone’sstudyifheonlychatsandplaysontheInternet.Second,studentsmaybecometoodependentoncomputersandforgettolearnsomebasicskills.Whenaskedtowritecompositionsduringatest,somestudentscomplainthattheyfindtheirbrainsblankifnotfacingacomputerandtypinghiscompositionsout.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheseproblemsandtrytosolvethemsothatcomputerswillserveusbetterandbetter.

1988—10%1993—50%1998—38%

Thisgraphshowsthechangesinnumberofundergraduatestudentswhotookparttimejobsin1988,1993and1998.Brieflydescribethegraphandthenlistasmanyreasonsaspossibleforthosechanges.

ChangesintheNumbersofStudentsTakingPart-timeJobs

Thisgraphindicatesthenumbersofundergraduatestudentswhotookpart-timejobs.In1988,thenumberofstudentswhodidtemporaryjobsmadeupabout10%.However,thenumberincreasedquicklyto50%in1993.Surprisingly,itdroppedto38percentin1998.

Ithinkthereasonsforthesechangesareasfollows:

In1988,thetuitionfeesincollegewerecomparativelylowandthestudentsdidnothavethesenseofearningmoneytopayfortheirstudy.Meanwhile,market-economywaslessdevelopedandtherewerefewchancestofindpart-timejobs.In1993,withtherapideconomicdevelopmentandthenewcollegetuitionfeespolicybeingputintopractice,morestudentswantedtoearnsomemoneytolightentheirparents’burdenaswellaspracticetheirknowledgeandgetsomeexperiencefortheirfuturecareer.Ontheotherhand,themarketwascomparativelymatureandwasabletooffermoretemporaryjobs.Andthen,in1998,perhapsthepart-timejobmarketshowedsomeshortcomingsandfailedthestudents.Moststudentsfeltthehighrequirementsofcompetenceinthesocietyanddecidedtoconcentrateontheirstudyandaccumulateknowledgefortheirfutureinsteadofthatofmoney.Sothenumberofcollegestudentswhotookpart-timejobsdeclinedto38percent.

C．圆形图（Piechart）应注意圆形图表总体和部分、部分和部分之间的比例关系。

整个圆表示总体，契形表示部分。

有时附有数值表加以具体说明。

（AverageFamilyExpensesinShanghai）

AverageIncome3800yuan（1989）

AverageIncome8400Yuan（1993）

AverageFamilyExpensesinShanghai

Accordingtotwopiechartsabove,wecanseethattheaveragefamilyincomeinShanghaiincreasedfrom3800yuanperyearin1989to8400yuanin1993.Becauseoftheincrease,thewayinwhichanaveragefamilyspendsitsincomealsochanged.

In1989,theincomewasspenton7sectionsinthefollowingproportions:

5%onsaving,5%onhousing,7%onentertainment,8%onfuel,18%onclothing,25%onfoodandtheremaining32%wasexpenditureonotheritems.

In1993,thepicturewasalittlebitdifferent.62%ofthetotalwasspentonfood,drinkandclothing.Theproportiononhousingshowedslightdropbuttheamountpaidonhousingincreasedabit.Theproportionofentertainmentandsavingremainedthesameasin1989,whiletherewasaslightincreaseof2%onfuel.

Itcanbededucedthatasincomerises,peoplecanaffordtobuymoreandbetterfoodandclothes.Fewpeople,however,spendmoremoneyonnewhouses.

Averagemonthlyexpenseofacollegestudent’s

Total:

RMB200

1.describethechart

2.whatisyouropinionabouttheproportionofeachitem

3.Anychangesnecessary?

DoyouknowthatacollegestudentspendRMB200yuanpermonthontheaverage?

Theabovepiechartconsistsof6segments,thelargestoneisusedonfood,whichaccountsfor60%ofthetotal.Clothesandentertainmenttakesup10%respectively.5%goestotransportationand3%tobooks.Alltherestexpenses,occupying12%ofall,isspentonunknownitems.

Fromtheaboveinformation,wefindthatcollegestudentscan,onthewhole,reasonablyplantheirmonthlybudget.Usually,collegestudentsneedtobeconcernedabouttheirstudies,food,clothing,transportationandsoon.Alltheitemsareincludedintheabovepiegraph,whichdisplaysanadequateintakeoffood,moderateexpensesconcerningclothes,entertainment,andtransportation;besides,booksarealsoanoutletofthetotalexpenses.Inaword,apartfromgettingenoughnutrition,collegestudentsareabletoarrangeworkandplayappropriately.

Butinmyopinion,collegestudentsmightaswellspendalittlemoreonbooks.Inthatcase,youcangetmoreinformationandenlargeyourknowledgerange.Whenyougraduate,youwillhavearichcollectionoflifelongtreasures.

D．曲线图（Linegraph）

曲线图用来表示两个或多个量值间的关系，每条线表示一个比较项。

曲线的延伸表示事物的发展方向。

横轴表示时间或自变量，纵轴表示可变量。

（FilmisGivingWaytoTV）

1．电影观众越来越少

2．电视观众越来越多，因为…

3．然而，还是有人喜欢看电影，因为…

FilmisGivingWaytoTV

FilmisgivingwaytoTV.Accordingtothelateststatisticsonthenumberoffilm-goersandTV-watchersinaten-yearperiod,thatisfrom1975to1985,thenumberoffilm-goersdeclinedsharplytoabout15thousandin1985,whichwas20%ofthatin

二、常用句型

1．常用开篇句型

Pattern1

Asisshownin（Accordingto,Ascanbeseenfrom）thepicture（table,chart,graph,cartoon,figures）,wecanseethat…