英语一般现在时过去时.docx
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英语一般现在时过去时
英语(一般现在时-过去时)
第11讲 一般现在时
1、定义:
表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。
句中通常有usually,often,every day,sometimes,always,at weekends,on Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。
2、构成:
1)当谓语是be动词时,一般现在时的构成:
主语+be动词+其他
如:
I am a student. He is Jim‟s father. They are from Japan.
2)当谓语是行为动词时,一般现在时的构成:
①主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其他
如:
I often watch TV at the weekends.
Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps.
②主语(第三人称单数)+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他 如:
Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays.
She sometimes goes to the park with her mother.
3、动词三单形式的变化规则:
① 一般情况下,直接加s 如:
read-reads,swim-swims
② 以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加es 如:
wash-washes,watch-watches,do-does
③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es 如:
study-studies,fly-flies
④ 不规则变化 如:
have-has
4、一般现在时的句型转换:
第12讲 现在进行时
1、定义:
表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。
句中常有now,look,listen等词。
I am washing clothes now.
Look!
Liu Tao is climbing the tree.
Listen!
Jane is singing in the music room.
2、构成:
be动词(am/is/are)+ 动词现在分词(V-ing)
3、动词现在分词构成:
如:
sit-sitting,swim-swimming,put-putting,run-running,stop-stopping,get-getting,
begin-beginning,jog-jogging,
My brother often went to school by bike last term. The watch was beside the diary a moment ago.
I watched the moon and ate the moon cakes last Mid-Autumn Festival. Jim went to the supermarket yesterday.
1、构成:
主语+动词的过去式+其他
2、动词过去式的变化规则:
如:
live-lived,like-liked,taste-tasted
第14讲 一般将来时
1、定义:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及打算、计划或准备某事。
句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语,如:
tomorrow morning,next week,this afternoon等表示将来的时间状语。
2、构成:
① be going to +动词原形
如:
I am going to see a Beijing opera tomorrow.
We are going to meet at bus stop at half past ten. Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon.
② will +动词原形
如:
They will go swimming this afternoon.
3、be going to 和will 区别:
① be going to表示经过事先安排、打算或决定要做的事情,基本上一定会发生;will则表示有可能去做,但不一定发生,也常表示说话人的临时决定。
如:
I am going to take part in a party this evening.
They are cleaning the library now. I‟ll go and join them.
②be going to表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情;will表示的将来时间则较远一些。
如:
He is going to write a letter tomorrow. I will meet her one day.
③ be going to还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生,常用于天气等自然现象。
如:
Look!
It‟s going to rain.
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。