青海公共英语考试模拟卷9.docx
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青海公共英语考试模拟卷9
2022年青海公共英语考试模拟卷(9)
本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为180分钟,总分100分,60分及格。
一、单项选择题(共50题,每题2分。
每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意)
1.Questions17to20arebasedonthefollowinginterviewbetweenMr.PollardandMrs.PartridgeaboutthehousingsituationinBritain.Interviewer:
Mrs.Partridge,IunderstandthatyouareveryconcernedaboutthehousingsituationinBritain.Mrs.Partridge:
IndeedIam.Thegovernmentitselfadmitsthattherearemorethantwomillionhouseswhichoughttobepulleddownatonce.Italsoadmitsthatthereareanothertwomillioninsuchashockingstatethatitwouldbeawasteofmoneytorepairthem.Interviewer:
WhatdoyoumeanbyshockingstateMrs.Partridge:
Imeanhousesthatareinsuchabadconditionthattheyarepermanentlydamp,orhouseswhereyou’llfindasmanyasfivefamiliessharingonetapandonetoilet.Mr.Pollard:
ButwhataboutallthegoodthingsthathavebeenandarebeingdoneWhatabouttherebuildingofwholepartsofcitieslikeSheffieldandBirminghamandCoventrynottomentionthenewtownsMrs.Partridge:
That’sallveryfineandsplendid,butit’sonlyonesideofthepicture.I’msimplysayingthatwe’renotdoingenough.Wecanfeelproudofwhatisgood,butsurelyweshouldn’tbeproudthat,forexample,GlasgowissometimescalledthebiggestsluminWesternEurope.Interviewer:
Whatyouaresaying,ineffect,Mrs.Partridge,isthatthehousinginthiscountryisn’tworthyofawelfarestate.Mrs.Partridge:
Exactly!
Accordingtogovernmentfigurestherearelessthan20,000homelesspeople,butthousandsmorearelivinginsuchterribleconditionsthattheyoughttobeclassedashomeless.Itisn’tthatthesepeoplecan’taffordareasonablerent.Therejustaren’tenoughhouses.Interviewer:
WhomdoyoublameMrs.Partridge:
Thegovernment,fornotprovidingenoughmoney,andthecouncilfornotspendingproperlywhatthereis.Mr.Pollard:
Aren’tyoubeingunfairtothelocalhousingcommitteesManyofthemdowonderfulwork.Mrs.Partridge:
Iagree,butthatdoesn’texcusecouncilsthatareinefficientanddon’ttakeenoughinterest.Don’tyouthinkitisshockingthatinmodernBritaintherearestillfamilieswhohavenowheretoliveDoyouthinkit’srightthatwholefamiliesshouldhavetosleepintheruinsofemptybuildingsorunderbridgesorinrailwaystationwaiting-roomsMr.Pollard:
Butthereareexcellenthostelswheretheycango.Mrs.Partridge:
Insometowns,perhaps,Mr.Pollard,butthingsareverydifferentinmanyofourmidlandandnorthernindustrialcities,andinpartsofLondon.Evenwherethereareplaces,someofthestate-runhomesforthehomelessarelesscomfortablethanprisons.Inanycase,mypointisthatweshouldn’tneedsomanyhostelsforhomelessfamiliesbecausethereshouldn’tbeanyhomelessfamilies!
Interviewer:
Mrs.Partridge,Ithinkmanypeoplewouldsaythatyouareexaggeratinganddrawingattentiontotheworsthousingconditionsinsteadoflookingatthesituationasawhole.WouldyouagreethatyoubelongtoapressuregroupwhichistryingtobringpressureonthegovernmenttodosomethingaboutthehousingproblemMrs.Partridge:
Ifthat’swhatbelongingtoapressuregroupmeans,theanswerisyes!
ButI’mnotexaggerating.Housingisthemostseriousproblemofourwelfarestate.Ifitweren’t,wouldwehearsomuchaboutthatexcellentcharityShelter,whichdoessuchwonderfulworkinfindinghomesforthehomelessWheredoesMr.Pollardthinkthehomelesspeoplecango().
A.Tohotels.
B.Tonewtowns.
C.Tohostels.
D.Toemptybuildings.
2.
{{B}}Questions11to13arebasedonaninterviewwiththeEU’senvironmentcommissioner,Mr.StavrosDimas.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions11to13.{{/B}}WhathavetheEuropeancountriesagreedonattheBrusselsSummit
A.Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.
B.Tofindmoreenergyresources.
C.Tosubstituterenewableenergyforfossilfuels.
D.Toreversethetrendofglobalwarming.
3.{{B}}Text2{{/B}}
ThreeoutoffourBritishBangladeshichildrenlivebelowthepovertyline.ThatwasthebiggestjoltinaseriesofsadreportsonApril30thfromtheJosephRowntreeFoundation.Theirfocuswasthelinkbetweenethnicityandpoverty,whichtheyfoundtobeprettyrobust.Some40%ofthosefromethnicminoritiesliveinpoverty,itsaid,ifpovertyisdefinedasreceiving60%orlessofthemedianincome.Thisisdoubletheproportionofwhites.EvenIndiansandChineseweremuchlikelierthanwhitestobepoor,despitetrouncingthematschool.
Thestruggletoescapepovertybeginswithabigdecision:
whethertoseekpaidemploymentorworkforoneself.Historicallytherehasbeenastrongethnicdivide.SouthAsianandChineseimmigrantshavebeenquicktosetupbusinesses,whereasblackAfricansandCaribbeanshaveworkedforothers.Yetthispatternnowappearstobebreakingup.ChineseandIndianmenseemtobeditchingthetakeawaysandnewsagents,butblackCaribbeansandPakistanisarekeenerthanevertogointobusinessforthemselves.
KenClarkandStephenDrinkwater,theauthorsoftheRowntreereport,identifyvariouscharacteristicsthatinclineworkerstoself-employment.Thosewhoarebornabroadorpoorlyqualifiedfindithardertogetotherjobs.Startingabusinessusuallytakesfinancialandhumancapital,soolderpeoplewhoowntheirownhomeandhavefamiliesaremorelikelytosetupshop.EducationalachievementmakesanespeciallybigdifferenceinBritain,wheregraduatessnootilyconsidersell-employmentalastresortfordimwits—unlikeinAmerica,whereplentyofbigbrainsmakebigbucksstartingtheirownfirms.
Ifthisistrue,itisnotsurprisingthatIndiansandChinesearebeginningtoturnawayfromself-employment.Whizzesatexams,youngandincreasinglylikelytohavebeenborninBritain,thelatestgenerationismoreapttobecomedoctorsandlawyersthanrestaurateurs.BlackAfricansandCaribbeans,meanwhile,stilllagbehindatschoolandasagroupareslightlyolder,whichmayexplaintheirswerveintobusiness.Aboomintheconstructionindustry—inwhichmuchblackself-employmentisbased—mayalsohavecontributed,alongwithgovernmenteffortstoboostblackentrepreneurship.
ThepuzzleisPakistanis.ThoughtheysharesomecharacteristicswithIndiansandChinese—includingimprovededucationlevelsandayouthfulprofile--theyaremovingtheotherway."Relativetotheirqualifications,theyseemtogetlowerreturnsonpaidemploymentthanothergroups,"saysMrDrinkwater.Thattheypersistinself-employmentmaybeduetoalackofmorerewardingalternatives.
Whydon’ttheyfindwell-paidjobsaseasilyasothers"Discriminationisthethingweassumeisleft,"saysMrClark.Butthereareotherfactors:
TheconcentrationofPakistanisindepressedtextiletownsmakesithardertofindemployment,andunwillingnesstomoveawaycompoundsthis.Religionmayalsoplayitspart.Interestingly,whiteMuslimsseemtoexperiencethesamelabour-marketdisadvantagesasblackandAsianones.Theword"trouncing"(Paragraph1)probablymeans
A.troubling.
B.beating.
C.annoying.
D.competing.
4.{{B}}Text3{{/B}}
TelegramshavejustpassedintohistoryinAmerica,followingtheannouncementbyWesternUnion,oncethecolossusoftheindustry,thatitwasdiscontinuingitstelegramserviceattheendofJanuary.Yetinasense,thetechnologypioneeredbySamuelMorsehasbeenrebornwithamoderntwist,intheformoftextmessagessentbetweenmobilephones.Foryears,foreignershavewonderedwhyAmericans,usuallyatthevanguardoftechnologicaladoption,weresoreluctanttoembracetexting.Butnowtheyhaveadoptedthetechnologywithenthusiasm.Whathappened
America’sapathytowardstextingwaseasytoexplain.Voicecallsonmobilephonesarecheaperthaninothercountries,whichgivescost-conscioususerslessincentivetosendtextsinstead;severaldifferentandincompatiblewirelesstechnologiesareinuse,whichmadesendingmessagesfromonenetworktoanotherunreliableorimpossible;andtextingwasoftenanadditionalservicethatsubscribershadtosignupfor.Asaresult,thenumberofmessagessentpersubscriberpermonthwasjustoverseveninDecember2002,comparedwithaglobalaverageofaround30.
Butthingshavesincechanged,withthatfigurerisingto13inDecember2003,26inDecember2004,and38inJune2005,themostrecentdateforwhichfiguresareavailablefromtheCellularTelecommunicationsIndustryAssociation,anindustrybody.SoAmericahasnowovertakenGermany,ItalyandFranceinitsenthusiasmfortexting.
Thereareseveralreasonsforthis."We’vehadthatpenetrationoftheyouthmarket,"saysBrianModoff,ananalystatDeutscheBank."Wedidn’thavethatuntilacoupleofyearsago."Familycallingplansandothernewtariffshaveputphonesinthehandsofmoreyoungpeople,whoaremorelikelytoadopttexting.Therehavealsobeentechnicalchanges:
GSM,thetext-friendlywirelesstechnologyusedinEurope,hasbecomefarmorewidespreadinAmericaasoperatorshaveswitchedcustomerstoitfromoldertechnologies,notesJohnTysoeofTheMobileWorld,aconsultancy.Interconnectionsbetweennetwokshaveimprovedtoo.
Butperhapsthemostsurprisingfactoristheroleofrealitytelevision—andinparticular,"AmericanIdol",atalentshowinwhichviewersphoneintovoteforcompetingsingers.In2004,13.5millionviewerscastvotesbytextmessages—nearlyhalfofthemusingthetechnologyforthefirsttime.Lastyearthenumberofvoteswas41.5million."Thatupwardarcisafairindicatorfortheaccelerationingrowthoftextingingeneral