pride and prejudice傲慢与偏见 英美文学论文.docx

pride and prejudice傲慢与偏见 英美文学论文.docx

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prideandprejudice傲慢与偏见英美文学论文

山东农业大学

英美文学实践课报告

题目PrideandPrejudice

学院外国语学院

专业班级英语二班

届次2014

学生姓名

学号

指导教师

二零一六年六月二十日

PrideandPrejudice

1.TheAuthor

JaneAusten（1775–1817）wasanEnglishnovelistknownprincipallyforherfivemajornovelswhichinterpret,critiqueandcommentuponthelifeoftheBritishlandedgentryattheendofthe18thcentury.HermosthighlypraisednovelduringherownlifetimewasPrideandPrejudicewhichwashersecondpublishednovel.Herplotsoftenreflectuponthedependenceofwomenonmarriageinthepursuitoffavorablesocialstandingandeconomicsecurity.（wikipedia）

JaneAustenwastheseventhofeightchildren.In1783,shewassenttoOxfordandeducatedbyarelative.BecauseAustenbecameillthenshewaseducatedathomeuntilshewenttoaboardingschoolinearly1785.However,herfamilycouldnotaffordhereducationsoshereturnedhomeandwaseducatedbyreadinghisfather’sbooks.

2.PlotSummary

TheprotagonistofthenovelisElizabethBennetwhoistheseconddaughterofagentlemanwhohasahouseandaoverbearingwifeandfiveunmarrieddaughters.Elizabeth'sfather,Mr.Bennet,isabookishman.IncontrastElizabeth'smother,Mrs.Bennet,awomanwholackssocialgraces,devotingtofindingsuitableandrichhusbandsforherfivedaughters.However,accordingtothelocallaw,inheritedpropertycannotpasstofemaleheirssotheirfivedaughterswillinheritnothing.Unfortunately,thehousewillbeinheritedbyadistantcousintheyhavenevermetafterMrBennetdies.That’swhyMrsBennetaredreamingoffindingrichhusbandsfortheirdaughters.JaneBennet,theeldestdaughter,isbeautifulandkind.ElizabethBennetiswittyandlikereadingbooksjustlikeherfather.ThethreeothersistersiscalledMary,Kitty,Lydia.

ThestoryopenwiththenewsthatMrBingleywillarriveatthecountrytorentalargehousewithhissisterandhisfriendMrDarcy.AsfarasMrsBennet,MrBingleyisawealthy,handsome,andgentlebachelorwhoisaverysuitablehusbandforhereldestdaughter.MrBingleyandMaryBennetfallinlovewitheachotherinaball.Atthesametime,ElizabethBennetacquaintherselfwithMrDarcywhomakesheraunfavorableimpressionbyhisindifferentandproudattitudetowardsothers.Heisthoughttobetooarrogantandfilledwithunconcealedprideandvanity.Hewon’tdancewithanyoneoutsideofhisowngroupordeigntospeakwiththem.Hestates,withinElizabethBennet’shearing,that“sheistolerable,butnothandsomeenoughtotemptme”.

Mr.Bingley’saffectionforJanedevelopsquicklytotheconcernofhissistersandMr.Darcy.Theycan’ttolerateherlowerstatus,andareembarrassedbyherfamily’smannersandactions.Mr.Darcy,inspiteofhisbetterwisdom,becomesinfatuatedwithElizabeth.Heisobsessedwithherwitandfineeyes.MissBingley’sjealouscriticismsofherdonothingtolessenhisadmiration.MissBingleyhasmadeplanstoentraphimforherselfbutshefailed.

CarolineBingleyinvitesJanetoNetherfield.InherwaytoNetherfielditrainssoJanecatchesaseverecold.ShehavetostayatMrBingley’shouseandbetreatedbyalocaldoctor.Mrs.Bennetisdelighted,becausethishelpJanecomeclosetoMr.Bingleyandhiswealth.Janebecomesmoreill,andhersisterElizabethgoestoNetherfieldtonurseher.TheconcernforhersisterandstrengthofcharacterappealtoMr.Darcy,butheisafraidofhisinfatuationwithElizabethwhoiseconomicallyinferior.

Laterinatravel,theymeetGeorgeWickham,ahandsomeandpersonablemilitaryofficer.ElizabethiscuriouswhenWickhamandDarcy,whoobviouslyknoweachother,meetonthestreetandbothseemuncomfortable.Ataball,soonafter,WickhamtellshislifestorytoElizabeth.HestatesthatDarcydisobeyedhisownfather’swilloutofresentment.（WickhamwasawardofDarcy’sfatherandhadbeenpromisedgetaclergyman’sposition.）Wickham’sstorymakesDarcylookcruel,selfishandvile.ElizabethbelievethatbecauseshehaspredeterminedandnegativeimpressionofMr.Darcy’sarroganceandpride.

ElizabethbecomesinfatuatedwiththecharmingWickham.Sheispuzzledbyhispersistenceinapproachingher,asshedoesnotknowofhisadmiration.Mr.Collins,hercousin,proposestoElizabethandsheisfurtherembarrassed.Shetriestoconvincehimthatherrefusalisearnest.ThesupportofherfathermakesCollinsseethetruth.

MrBingley,hissisterandMrDarcyleaveNetherfieldforLondon,andMissBingleywritestoJanetoinformherthattheywon’treturnuntilwinter.SheimplyinherletterthatMr.BingleyintendstomarrywithMrDarcy’sister,whichhasbeendeterminedforyearsbetweenthefamilies.

Mr.Collins,rejectedbyElizabeth,iscomfortedbyherbestfriend.ToElizabeth’sgreatsurpriseandastonishment,herbestfriendintendtomarryMr.Collins.

DarcycontinuestocourtElizabeth.Onenight,hedeclareshisloveandproposes.Elizabethisasangryassheisastonished.Shecannotbearhisprideandrefuseshispropose.SheaccuseshimofbreakingupJaneandBingleyandruiningyoungMr.Wickham’sreputation.

ElizabethandherAuntandUnclesetoffonatourandvisitMrDarcy’shouse.Darcyunexpectedlyappears,adayearly,andbothheandElizabethareembarrassed.ElizabethreceivestwolettersfromhersisterJane.TheysaythatLydiahaselopedwithWickham.Sotheyleaveforhomeasfastastheycanmakepreparations.

Theelopedpairiselusiveforseveraldays.Lydiahasagreedtoaquickmarriage.AllthethingshavebeenarrangedbyDarcy.HeworkssecretlytopayoffWickham’sgamblingdebtsandensureasuitabledowry.AllthepeoplearesurethatitisMr.Gardinerwhohavedonethesethingsandsavethefamilyname.LittledotheyrealizethatitwasDarcy’swork.HedidthisbecauseofhisloveforElizabeth.

MrBingleyreturnstoNetherfieldandfallsinlovewithJaneagain.Afterawhile,heproposes.Sheaccepts.Intheend,ElizabethknowallthethingsandfindherselfmisunderstandMrDarcyallthesedays.DarcyacknowledgethatElizabethhashadachangeofheartsoheproposetoheragain.Thistimeitismetwithapositiveattitude.

3.Majorthemes

I.Marriage

AsfarasIconcerned,therearefourmaintypesofmarriagesinthisnovel.Thefirstoneisthemostadmirablemarriage—ElizabethandDarcy’smarriage,whichiswhatIreallyadmire.Theirmarriageisthemosttime-killingandflexuoseandisbasedontheirtruelove.Thesecondonethemosthappymarriage—Jane’smarriageTheirmarriageishappyandisalsobasedontheirtruelovebutcomparativelysmoothly.Thethirdoneisthemostridiculousmarriage—Lydia’smarriage.Theirmarriageistheresultoftheirmomentarypassionandisbasedontheirlust.Thelastoneisthemostrealisticmarriage—Charlotte’smarriage.

"ThereisnodoubtthatElizabethandDarcy'sloveistheshiningpearlinthehistoryofliterary,andtheirloveistheidealmodewhichhasbeenesteembyAusten".Theauthor‟sviewaboutmarriage:

itiswrongtogetmarriedforproperty,moneyandposition.Gettingmarriedwithoutconsideringtheabove-mentionedfactorsisunwise,ether.Sothatsheobjectstogetmarriedformoney,objectstoregardingthemarriageasatriflingmatter.Sheemphasizestheimportanceoftheidealmarriage,andregardmenandwomen’semotionasthefoundationstonewhichconcludestheidealmarriage

Loveisimpulsiveandisofnoreasonnopassionate,andfullofmadness.Loveitselfiscrazy.However,howmanypeoplecanlovewithmadness?

Therealityiscruel,marriagedoesn'tequaltolove,andthisidealisfarawayfromus.DarcyandElizabeth’smarriageisthehappiest,withdeep-rootedoflove,andanecessaryconditionthatDarcystronglywealth.

II.Wealth

“Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbeinwantofawife.”Thissentenceclearlyshowstheconnectionbetweenwealthandmarriage.Wealthinamarriageisalsothesubjectmatterofthewholenovel,anditplaysanimportantroleinmarriageatthattime.

Inthenovel,JaneAustenusesnumberwordstosuggestmoney.Forexample,Bingleyhasanincomeofbetween4,000and5,000poundsayear,whileDarcyhasanincomeof10,000poundsayear.Andthewomenin18thcenturyinBritainlawfullyownednothing.Theonlywaytofinancialsecurityformanywomenofthattimewastomarrytoaricherman.Itseemsthatthisnovelconsidersmarriageasamarket,andthefemaleasmarketable.Charlotteisjustanexampleinthemarriagemarketwherepersonalattractionsareweighedagainstfinancialconsiderations.

Moneymakestheworldgoround,especiallyifyou'reayoungwomantryingtogetmarriedinRegencyEngland.ThefiveBennetdaughtershavealmostnomoney,whichmeansnowaytoattractmentomarrythemandnowaytosupportthemselvesaftertheirfatherdiesandtheirhouseinhandedovertoMr.Collins.So,waseveryoneintheearlynineteenthcenturyjustoutformoney?

Well,kindof.Butcanyoublamethem?

Formen,therewerevery,veryfewpathstofinancialindependencewithouteitherinheritingormarryingmoney.Somegotrichinthearmyorthroughbusiness,butthatwassuperrare.Forwomen,theoptionswereevenmorelimited:

inheritormarry.InPrideandPrejudice,thesegirlsaretryingtomarryformoneybecausetheydon'twanttoliveontheearlynineteenth-centurystreets.

III.SocietyandClass

ClassisoneofthemajorthemesinJaneAusten’sPrideandPrejudice.ThenovelcriticizestheclearandrigidsocialclassdivisionsintheBritishsocietymuchprevalentatthattime.Infact,theprideandprejudiceofmanycharactersste