全新版大学英语第三册讲稿.docx

全新版大学英语第三册讲稿.docx

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全新版大学英语第三册讲稿

Unit1  ChangesintheWayWeLive

Objectives

Studentswillbeableto:

1.       graspthemainidea（toleranceforsolitudeandenergymadeitpossibleforthewriter'sfamilytoenjoytheirpleasantbutsometimesharshcountrylife）;

2.       appreciatethevarioustechniquesemployedbythewriter（comparisonandcontrast,topicsentencesfollowedbydetailsentences,useoftransitionaldevices,etc.）;

3.       masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;

4.       conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.

TimeAllotment

1stperiod

2ndperiod

3rdperiod

4thperiod

Pre-readingtasks

Culturalnotes

Textorganization

Languagestudy

Languagestudy

Textanalysis

Post-readingtasks

Pre-readingTasks

1.       TasksSsthefollowingquestionsonthesong OutintheCountry:

—Whatisthesongabout?

（takingabreakfromcitylife,escapingfromthecrowd）

—Howisthesongrelatedtothethemeofthisunit?

（Thesingerneedsabreakbecausethepaceoflifehasquickened,theenvironmenthasbeenchanged,andtheoldlifestyleisgone.）

2.       1）Ssdivideintothreelargegroups,undereachgroupsmallersub-groupsmayform.Eachlargegroupisassignedoneofthefollowingdiscussiontopics:

—     Whydosomanymigrantworkers（民工）movefromthecountrytothecity?

—Whydocitypeoplebuyapartmentsorhousesinthesuburbs,eveninthecountryside?

2）Afterthediscussion,speakersofsomesub-groupsreporttoclass.

3）Tmaysumuplikethis:

Peoplechangetheirplacesoflivingbecausetheylookforthingsthattheirpreviouslifeisunabletoprovide.However,oncelifehasbeenchanged,theymissthegoodolddays.

3.       SsdoClozeBinafter-textexercisestolearnaboutAmericans'idealofacountrylife.ThenTleadsintothestudyofTextA.

TextOrganizationandAnalysis

Parts

Paragraphs

Main   Ideas

PartOne

Paras1-3

Thewriterviewshislifeinthecountryasaself-reliantandsatisfyingone.

PartTwo

Paras4-7

Lifeinthecountryisgoodyetsometimesveryhard.

PartThree

Paras8-11

Afterquittinghisjob,thewriter’sincomewasreduced,butheandhisfamilycanmanagetogetby.

PartFour

Para12-15

Atoleranceforsolitudeandalotofenergyhavemadeitpossibleforthefamilytoenjoytheirlifeinthecountry.

Theauthorwriteshispieceinaclearandlogicalway.Inmanyinstancesheemploysthepatternof“onetopicsentence+severaldetailsentences”structure.It’seasyforreaderstograspthemainidea,anditisalsoproveneffectiveforlearnerwriterslikeourstudents.

Sometimesthedetailsentencesrunparalleltoeachother,likethoseinPara2.Insomeotherparagraphsthedetailsentenceshavetheirownhierarchy.TakePara5forexample.Thefirstsentencetellshowbusy“I”am.ThesecondsentencestatesthatSandy,thewife,isalsobusy.Thefinalsentenceisakindofsummary—nobodycanrelax. YetfollowingthesecondsentencethereareafewmoredetailsentencesshowingexactlyhowtightascheduleSandyhas.TakeParas12-13foranotherexample.Thetopicsentencethereinis“Isuspectnoteveryonewholovesthecountrywouldbehappylivingthewaywedo.Ittakesacoupleofspecialqualities.”Thentherearetwosub-topicsentences:

“Oneisatoleranceforsolitude”;“Theotherrequirementisenergy—alotofit.”Eachsub-topicsentencehasitsownsupportingdetails.

Sometimesthereisnotransitionaldevicesbetweendetailsentences,sometimesthereare,themostfrequentlyusedoneofwhichis timewordsorphrases.Forexample,thedetailsentencesinPara4beginwith“threemonthsago”,“threemonthsfromnow”,“recently”,and“laterthismonth”,respectively.Tobesure,otherconjunctionsscatterthetext,like“first”,“then”,“then”,“eventually”inPara7.

CulturalNotes

1.       thecountryside:

ThecountrysideofBritainiswellknownforitsbeautyandmanycontrasts:

itsbaremountainsandmoorland,itslakes,riversandwoods,anditslong,oftenwildcoastline.Manyofthemostbeautifulareasarenationalparksandareprotectedfromdevelopment.WhenBritishpeoplethinkoffarmland,aswellasopenspaces,theyimaginecowsorsheepingreenfieldsenclosedbyhedgesorstonewalls,andfieldsofwheatandbarley.

Manypeopleassociatethecountrysidewithpeaceandrelaxation.Theyspendtheirfreetimewalkingorcyclingthere,orgotothecountryforapicnicorapublunch.Onlyafewpeoplewholiveinthecountryworkonfarms.Manycommutetoworkintowns.Manyothersdreamoflivinginthecountry,wheretheybelievetheywouldhaveabetterandhealthierlifestyle.

Americahasmanyareasofwildandbeautifulscenery,andtherearemanyareas,especiallyintheWestinstateslikeMontanaandWyoming,wherefewpeoplelive.IntheNewEnglandstates,suchasVermontandNewHampshire,itiscommontoseesmallfarmssurroundedbyhillsandgreenareas.InOhio,Indiana,IllinoisandotherMidwesternstates,fieldsofcornorwheatreachtothehorizonandtherearemanymilesbetweentowns.

Onlyabout20%ofAmericansliveoutsidecitiesandtowns.Lifemaybedifficultforpeoplewholiveinthecountry.Serviceslikehospitalsandschoolsmaybefurtheraway,andgoingshoppingcanmeandrivinglongdistances.Somepeopleevenhavetodrivefromtheirhomestothemainroadwheretheirmailisleftinabox.Inspiteofthedisadvantages,manypeoplewholiveinthecountrysaythattheylikethesafe,clean,attractiveenvironment.Buttheirchildrenoftenmovetoatownorcityassoonastheycan.

AsinBritain,Americansliketogoouttothecountryatweekends.Somepeoplegooncampingorfishingtrips,othersgohikinginnationalparks.

2.       Fahrenheitscale:

ascaleoftemperature,firstestablishedbytheGermanphysicistGabrielFahrenheitin1715.TheunitoftemperatureisthedegreeFahrenheit（°F）,and0°FwasoriginallythecoldesttemperatureFahrenheitcouldachieveusingafreezingmixtureofsaltandice.Onhisscale,waterfreezesat32°Fandboilsat212°F（undersetatmosphericconditions）.Nolongerusedinscientificwork,Fahrenheittemperaturesstillfeatureineverydaylanguage;hotdays"intheeighties",forexample.ToconvertaFahrenheittemperaturetoCelsius（centigrade）,subtract32,thenmultiplyby5/9.

3.       Celsiusscale:

ascaleofhotness,ortemperature,firstestablishedbytheSwedishscientistAndersCelsius（1701-1744）in1742.Onthisscale,theunitoftemperatureisthedegreeCelsius（°C）;waterfreezesat0°Candboilsat100°C（underagreedstandardatmosphericconditions）,althoughwhenCelsiusoriginallydevisedthescalehemade100°theboiling-pointand0°thefreezing-point.TheCelsiusscalewasformerlycommonlyknownasthecentigradescalebecauseofthe100divisionsbetweenthefreezing-andboiling-pointsofwater.ToconvertfromdegreesCelsiustodegreesFahrenheitmultiplyby9/5andadd32.

4.       IvyLeague:

eightlong-establishedcollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStateswithprestigiousacademicandsocialreputations.MembersoftheIvyLeagueareBrownUniversityinProvidence,RhodeIsland;ColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity;CornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork;DartmouthCollegeinHanover,NewHampshire;HarvardUniversityinCambridge,Massachusetts;UniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphia;PrincetonUniversityinPrinceton,NewJersey;andYaleUniversityinNewHaven,Connecticut.ThemembersoftheIvyLeaguecompeteinintercollegiateathletics.

5.       SportsIllustrated:

apopularUSsportsmagazinepublishedeachweekbyTimeInc.partofTimeWarner.Itfirstappearedin1954,andisreadmainlybymen.ThemagazinealsopublishestheSportsIllustratedSportsAlmanaceveryyear.

6.       IndividualRetirementAccount（IRA）:

aUSgovernmentplanthatallowspeopletoputpartoftheirincomeintospecialbankaccounts.Notaxhastobepaidonthismoneyuntiltheyretire.

7.       BuyingInsurance:

Peoplefacemanychoiceswhenbuyinginsurancepolicies.Theycommonlychooseaninsuranceproviderbasedonseveralcriteria.Someofthemostimportantoftheseinclude:

1）thefinancialstabilityoftheinsurancecompany,2）thepriceofpolicies,and3）detailsofcoverageandservice.

Onlyafinanciallysoundcompanycanfulfillitspromisetopayinallcircumstances.Companieswithprovenrecordsofstabilitycanprovideinsurancesecurity.Choiceofaproviderbasedsolelyonprice,ontheotherhand,mayresultinpoorserviceandcoverage,eveniftheprovideradvertisescomprehensivecoverageandhighqualityservice.

Policypricesvarysignificantlyamongcompanies,butcompetitionusuallyforcesmostcompanies’pricesintoanarrowrange.Thegreatercostofsomepoliciesmaypayoffinthelongrunthroughbetterprotection.Thus,adetailedexaminationofcoverageinpoliciesprovidedbydifferent,well-regardedcompaniescanhelpconsumersmakethebestchoicebasedontheriskstheyface,theirneeds,andtheirfinances.

Peopleseekingtobuyinsuranceoftenusetheservicesofaninsuranceagentorbrokertoassistintheirpurchase.Mostinsurancefallsintofourmaincategories,accordingtowhatitcovers:

1）propertyandcasualty,2）life,3）healthanddisability,and4）old-ageandunemployment.Insurerscommonlyrefertoinsurancepurchasedbyindividualsaspersonallinescoverageandtoinsurancepurchasedbybusinessesascommercialcoverage.

 LanguageStudy

1.       getby:

begoodenoughbutnotverygood;managetoliveordothingsinasatisfactoryway Examples:

Myparentsmanagedtogetbyonasmallamountofmoney.

Itisalittlebitdifficultfortheoldcoupletogetbyonsuchasmall