江苏省江阴市峭岐中学高三英语复习 非谓语动词讲义.docx
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江苏省江阴市峭岐中学高三英语复习非谓语动词讲义
非谓语动词
一.非谓语动词种类及功能
非谓语动词的三种形式:
____________________________________
划出下列句子的非谓语动词,并指出非谓语动词在句中所做成分。
1.Iwanttoreadabookwrittenbythewomanlivingthere.______________________
2.Missingthebusmeanswaitingforanotherhou
r.._____________________
3.Arrivingathome,hefoundhishousebrokenintoandhissoncrying.______________________
4.Notallowedtosmokeintheroom,themanhadtosmokeoutside.______________________
5.Toseeistobelieve./Seeingisbelieving.______________________
6.Theboyismissingandthepolicearepuzzled.______________________
7.Theboyaskedhisstafftogothroughtheplantobecarriedoutthenextweek.________________
二.非谓语动词在句中可做哪些成分?
主语
宾语
宾补/主补
表语
定语
状语
不定式
动名词
分词
非谓语动词有哪些形式?
不定式
动名词
现在分词
过去分词
一般主动式
一般被动式
进行式
完成主动式
完成被动式
三.非谓语动词的基本考点
考点一:
分词(现在分词和过去分词)和不定式作定语时的区别:
Theproblem___________________lastmonthisonpollution.(discuss)
Theproblem____________________nowishowtogetridofpollution.(discuss)
Theproblem____________________tomorrowwillbeofgreathelptoourteaching.(discuss)
小结:
动词不定式作定语时表_________________现在分词作定语时表___________________
过去分词作定语时表_____________________.
注意点:
1.Readingisconsideredasthebestway_________(enlarge)theEnglishvocabulary.
2.Thisis
thesecondtomb_________(find)
归纳:
当名词由___________,___________修饰时,用____________作定语,放在名词后。
Practice:
1.Thehousewife__________bytheresearchersaidthatshewassatisfiedwiththegoods.(interview)
2.Thebuildingproject______________willbecompletedassoonaspossible.(carryout)
3.Thebook___________________nextmonthisongrammar.(publish)
考点二:
非谓语动词主动表被动
1.Hishandwritingisdifficult_______________(recognize).
2.Heisamanhard________________(dealwith).
3.ItisTomthatis________________(blame)fortheaccident.
4.Thewindowwants/requires/needs_________________(repair)
5.Thebookisworth_______________(read)twice.
小结:
上述情况属于用动词不定式或分词的__________形式表__________含义。
注意点:
Manager,doyouhaveanythingtotype?
_______________________________________
Manager,doyouhaveanythingtobetyped?
____________________________________
考点三:
动词不定式的复合结构:
It+(be)+adj+forsb.todoIt+(be)+adj+ofsb.todo
1.Don’tyouthinkitfoolish/stupid/silly_________himtobelievesuchapersonashim?
2.Iconsideritunnatura
l____________________________achildofheragetosayso.
3.Ithinkitwouldbebest_________________________________hertotakehisadvice.
归纳:
形容词说明somebody时用____________________________
形容词说明todo…时用____________________________
考点四:
有些动词后接动词不定式和动名词的区别:
1.Heregrets________________abletowatchthevolleyballmatch.(notbe)
Weregret________________thatthefilmwasnotworthseeing.(say)
2.Idoremember_____formyextrawork,butI’mnotsureoftheexactnumber.(pay)
Pleaseremember___________theletterformewhenyoupassthepostoffice.(post)
3.Shesearchedthetopofthehillandstopped
_________________onabigrock.(rest)
Thebuswassocrowdedthatthedriverstopped____________thepassengers.(pickup)
4.Itried______________________himtostopsmoking,butfailed.(persuade)
Haveyoutried__________________theprobleminadifferentway?
(solve)
5.I’mafraidyoursuggestioncan’thelp____________theserviceoftheirshop.(improve)
Icouldn’thelp______________bythebeautyoftheWestLake.(strike)
联想:
像这样的动词还有哪些?
_____________________________________________________
考点五:
1.Wedon’tallow_____________here.Wedon’tallowstudents_________.(smoke)
2.Iadvise__________moreexercise.Iadviseher__________moreexercise.(take)
总结:
sb+permit,allow,advise,forbid+________(do)
permit,allow,advise,forbid+sb/sth+___________(do)
sb/sth+be+permitted,allowed,advised,forbidden+___________(do)
考点六:
动词的–ing和–ed形式的区别:
1.Theboysaidina____________voicethathewas_________bythedog.(frighten)
2.The_____________boymadehisparents__________alot.(disappoint)
3.Whata___________poem!
Thechi
ldrengotdeeply_________byit.(move)
4.Youranswertothisproblemdoesn’tseemso________________.(satisfy)
小结:
v-ing表:
___________________v-ed表:
______________________
考点七:
非谓语作补语的各种形式,即verb+object+(do/doing/done,…)
1.IsawthegirlcrossingthestreetwhenIwentbythebuilding.
2.Isawthegirl___________(cross)thestreetandrunaway.
3.Themissingchildwaslastseen________________thekiteneartheriver.(fly)
4.Isawthem_____________(seat)inthehall.
小结:
seesb.doing表:
___________________seesb.dosth.表:
___________________
seesthdone表:
______________________
这类动词有:
__________________________________________________________________
Practice:
1.IstudiedEnglishinprisonfromabook,butIhaveneverheardawordofit________.(speak)
2.Didyounoticealittleboy_________fromthetreeand_________hisleg?
(fall/hurt)
3.Theystoodtherewatchingtheflag_______________.(ra
ise)
4.Wefoundhergreatly_________________(change).
5.Pleasekeepme____________(inform)ofthelatestdevelopment.
6.IdiscoveredMr.Jack__________(sit)nearthefires,readingabook.
四.非谓语动词的重/难点
难点一:
动名词的复合结构复合结构在句中做主语或宾语:
Hisdelayingansweringherletterangeredhergreatly.
Doyoumindme/mysittingbesideyou?
Tom’sbeingmurderedshockedallofus.
1.__
________________________________(玛丽考试不及格)madeherteacherangry.
2.______________________________(他没有遵守诺言)disappointedallhisclassmates.
3.Isthereanyhopeof_________________________________(他会在实验中成功)?
4.Thewholenationwasshockedbythenewsof_____________________(总统被谋杀)。
总结:
动名词的复合结构做主语时只能用_______________________
作宾语时既可用___________________,也可用_______________________.:
难点二:
非谓语动词的时态/语态:
1.LiMingissaid____________abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiedin?
(study)
LiMingissaid_____________abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiesin?
(study)
2._____________t
hesadnews,sheburstintotears.(hear)
______________thenewsseveraltimes,hebelievedittrue.(hear)
3.__________________herreply,shedecidedtowriteagain.(notreceive)
4._______________________(show)aroundthelab,thevisitorsweretakentotheplayground.
小结:
非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词之前时,应用_________________________
难点三:
1.Heliftedastone,only___________________________hisownfoot.(hurt)
2.Hewasalwaystellinglies,thus_______________(lose)allofhisfriendsintheend.
小结:
作结果状语时,todo表:
________________doing表:
____________________
Practice:
Heescapedfromthebattlefieldonly_______________(kill)bythenatives.
难点四:
几种特殊情况:
1.Whathewantedtodois______________(download)somepopsongs.
2.Hehadnochoicebut_______________(sit)therewaiting.
3.Hecoulddonothingexcept(but)______________(ask)foralift.
小结:
__________________________________________________________
难点五:
独立主格结构:
分词作状语时,如果其逻辑与整个句子的主语不一致时
,需要用独立主格结构。
1._____________(be)ill,hehadtostayathomeyesterday.
2.Hismother______________(be)ill,hehadtostayathometolookafterher.
Practice:
1.Somanypeople_______(be)absent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.
2.Allthings___________(consider),herpaperisgreatervaluethanyours.
3.Thedancefeaturedgroupsofgirls,each________(try)topickmorecottonthantherest
4.Theteacher_______________(finish)thelesson,thestudentslefttheclassroom.
即学即练:
1.—Whoisthemantalkingtoourheadmaster?
—Aprofessor__________(pay)avisittoourschool.
2.Themusicwasso____________thattheaudiencewere________todeath.(bore)
3.___________________(nothave)anyfoodsincethenightbefore,shefeltveryhungrynow.
4.Someoftheexperiments____________(describe)inthebookareeasytoperform.
5.___________(surround)bythepolice,thekidnappershadnochoicebuttosurrender.
6.Whenhecamebackafteranabsencefor20years,hefoundhishometowncompletely____________(change).
7.Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,thus___________(result)inanincreasein
production.
8.__________(be)ateacher,Ishouldsetagoodexampletostudents.
9.Thehaircreamdidn’tsellwellas_______.(advertise)
10.____________(save)timeandlabor,cartoonistsgenerallydrawthehandsoftheircharacterswithonly3fingersandathumb.
11.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce___________(design),nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
12.Thewoman____________(operateon)tomorrowwasbadlyhurtintheaccidenttheotherday.
13.Passengersarepermitted__________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggage
ontotheplane.
14.Onhearingaphonecallfromhiswife__________(say)shehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.
15.Recentlyasurvey____________(compare)pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.
非谓语动词高考链接
1.(2011全国卷)Thenextthinghesawwassmoke_____frombehindthehouse.
A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen
2.(2011全国卷)Theisland,_____tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.
A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined
3.(2011全国卷)Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,____nothingabouttheargument.
A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying
4.(2011北京卷)It’simportantforthefigures_____regularly.
A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated
5.(2011北京卷)Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,_____onyoufeet.
A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept
6.(2011天津卷)Passengersarepermitted_____onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.
A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried
7.(2011天津卷)______intoEnglish,t