C++面向对象程序设计第六版第一章编程题答案.docx

C++面向对象程序设计第六版第一章编程题答案.docx

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C++面向对象程序设计第六版第一章编程题答案

INSTRUCTOR’SRESOURCEGUIDE

SOLUTIONSTOPROGRAMMINGPROJECTS

TOACCOMPANY

PROBLEM

SOLVING

WITH

C++

THEOBJECT

OFPROGRAMMING

SixthEdition

WalterSavitch

UNIVERSITYOFCALIFORNIA,SANDIEGO

Thisinstructor’smanualisbasedonthefourthedition.

http:

//www.aw-

andpleasevisitourgeneralcomputerscienceandengineeringwebsiteat:

http:

//www.aw-

Copyright©2007byAddison-WesleyPublishingCompany

Allrightreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photo-copying,recording,oranyothermediaembodimentsnowknownorhereaftertobecomeknown,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

Manyofthedesignationsusedbymanufacturersandsellerstodistinguishtheirproductsareclaimedastrademarks.Wherethesedesignationsappearinthisbook,andthepublisherwasawareofatrademarkclaim,thedesignationshavebeenprintedininitialcapsorallcaps.

Theprogramsandtheapplicationspresentedinthisbookhavebeenincludedfortheirinstructionalvalue.Theyhavebeentestedwithcarebutarenotguaranteedforanyparticularpurpose.Thepublisherdoesnotofferanywarrantiesorrepresentations,nordoesitacceptanyliabilitieswithrespecttotheprogramsorapplications.

Addison-WesleyPublishingCompany

2725SandHillRoad

MenloPark,CA94025

Contents

Preface

Chapter1IntroductiontoComputersandC++Programming

Chapter2C++Basics

Chapter3MoreFlowofControl

Chapter4ProceduralAbstractionandFunctionsthatReturnaValue

Chapter5FunctionsforallSubtasks

Chapter6I/OStreamsasanIntroductiontoObjectsandClasses

Chapter7Arrays

Chapter8StringsandVectors

Chapter9PointersandDynamicArrays

Chapter10DefiningClasses

Chapter11FriendsandOverloadedOperators

Chapter12SeparateCompilationandNamespaces

Chapter13PointersandLinkedLists

Chapter14Recursion

Chapter15Inheritance

Chapter16ExceptionHandling

Chapter17Templates

Chapter18StandardTemplateLibrary

Preface

Thisisadocumentthatismeanttobeasupplementthetextfortheinstructor.Thereisadiscussionoftheideasineachchapter,teachingsuggestions,andsomesupplementaryideas.Therearesolutionstomanyoftheprogrammingproblems.Someproblemshaveseveraldifferentsolutionsthatcorrespondtodifferentpathsthroughthebook.Thereare25to50testquestionswithanswersanddiscussionforeachchapter.Thequestionsareofbothshortanswer（multiplechoice,truefalse,fillintheblank）typeaswellasread-the-codequestionsandshortprogrammingproblems.Iurgethatexplanationstotheshortanswerquestionsberequiredofthestudent.

Withregardtothecontentofthismanual,itshouldbenotedthatC++leavesmanyoptionsonhowtodoanyproblem,andanybookwillnecessarilychooseasubsettopresent.Ourauthorhasmadesuchasetofchoices.IhavealsomadewhatIhopeisacomplementarysetofchoicesforthisInstructor'sresourceManual.Iamstrivingtoproduceacomplementarydocumenttothetext,adocumentfortheinstructor,butInecessarilywilldosomethingsdifferently.PleasedonotholdthestudentresponsibleforwhatIhaveputhere.Thereaderofthisdocumentmustnotethatitisnecessarytoreadthetext,asthatiswhatthestudenthastoworkwith.Inspiteofoureffortsatconsistencyofcontentandstyle,therewillbesomevariancebetweensomeofthepresentationhereandthepresentationinthetext.

Thecodehasbeencompiledandtestedwithg++（gcc3.4.4）,VisualStudioC++.NET2003,VisualStudioC++.NET2005,VisualStudioC++Express.NET,andVisualStudioC++6.0updatedtoservicepack6.UsersofMicrosoftVisualStudioC++6.0mayexperiencethemostincompatibilitiesandshouldensurethatservicepack6isdownloadedandinstalledfromtheMicrosoftwebsite.ThetextusesonlymainstreamfeaturesofC++,consequently,mostcompilerswillcompilethecodeandproduceoutputthatdoesnotdiffersignificantlyfromtheresultspresentedhere.Wehaveattemptedtosupplywarningswhereanyofthesecompilersgivestrouble.

Instructor'sResourceManual

for

Savitch,ProblemSolvingwithC++:

TheObjectofProgramming.

Chapter1

IntroductiontoComputersandC++Programming

ThisdocumentisintendedtobearesourceguideforinstructorsusingSavitch,ProblemSolvingwithC++:

TheObjectofProgramming.Thisguidefollowsthetextchapterbychapter.Eachchapterofthisguidecontainsthefollowingsections:

1.Outlineoftopicsinthechapter

2.Generalremarksonthechapter

3.Solutionsto,andremarkson,selectedProgrammingProjects

4.TestQuestions

5.AnswerstothetestQuestion

SolutionsandremarksonselectedProgrammingProjects

Theseprogrammingexercisesareintendedtohelpfamiliarizethestudentwiththeprogrammingenvironment.Solutionsareverysystemdependent.Consequently,onlyonesolutionisprovidedfortheprogrammingprojectsinthischapter.

//Ch1Proj8.cpp

//

//Thisprogramcalculatesthemonetaryvalueofanumberof

//quarters,dimes,andnickels.

//***********************************************************************

#include

usingnamespacestd;

//====================

//mainfunction

//====================

intmain（）

{

intquarters,dimes,nickels,total;

//Inputcoins

cout<<"Enternumberofquarters."<

cin>>quarters;

cout<<"Enternumberofdimes."<

cin>>dimes;

cout<<"Enternumberofnickels."<

cin>>nickels;

//Calculateandoutputtotal

total=（quarters*25）+（dimes*10）+（nickels*5）;

cout<<"Themonetaryvalueofyourcoinsis"<

return0;

}

OutlineofTopicsintheChapter1

1.1ComputerSystems

1.2ProgrammingandProblem-Solving

1.3IntroductiontoC++

1.4TestingandDebugging

Suggestedcourseoutlines:

ThereseemtobethreemajorapproachestoteachingC++asthefirstcourseinprogramming.Intheoneapproach,classesandobjectsaredoneveryearly,frequentlywithalibraryofsomesortthatmustbeusedwiththetext.Inanother,alloftheANSICsubsetofC++iscoveredpriortoevenmentioningclassesorobjects.Thistexttakesathirdroadthatismoremiddleoftheroad.Here,enoughofthecontrolconstructsandfunctionsarecoveredpriortodoingclassesandobjects.However,reorderingsofthechaptersarepossiblethatallowanyoftheseapproaches.

Hereisa"classesearly"coursethatfollowsthetextclosely.Thisoutlineassumesnobackgroundincomputing.TopicsbeyondChapter11maybestudiedastimepermits.

Daydaysallotted

11Startupbusiness

2-32Chapter1:

IntroductiontoComputers

4-85Chapter2:

C++Basics.Ifthestudentshaveprogrammingexperience,thetimespentcanbesignificantlyreduced.

9-113Chapter3:

ProceduralAbstractionandfunctionsthatreturnavalue

12-143Chapter4:

Functionsforallsubtasks

Test1

16-183Chapter5:

I/OStreamsasintroductiontoObjectsandClasses

19-224Chapter6:

DefiningClasses

23-275Chapter7:

MoreFlowofControl

Test2

29-324Chapter8:

FriendsandOverloadedOperators

Chapter9SeparateCompilationandNamespaces

33-375Chapter10:

Arrays

38-413Chapter11:

StringsandVectors

Test3

5Chapter12Pointers,DynamicArrays

3Chapter13Recursion

3Chapter14:

Templates

3Chapter15:

PointersandLinkedLists

3Chapter16:

Inheritance

3Chapter17:

ExceptionHandling

Reorderings:

TheauthorsuggestsareorderingintheprefacethatallowalmostallofANSIC（withthetighterC++type-checking）tobecoveredbeforeclasses.Severalvariantsonthisreorderingthatallowclassesabitearlierarepresentedinthetext.Theauthordescribesinterdependencyofthechaptersintheprefaceofthetext.Otherreorderingsarecertainlypossible.

Chapter1:

Thestudentshoulddoalltheprogrammingassignmentsinthischapter.Theseteachthelocallyavailableprogramdevelopmentsystemandfamiliarizethestudentwithsomeofthemorecommoncompilererrors.Errormessagesarequitespecifictothecompilerbeingused.Itisveryimportantthatthestudentlearntheseideasasearlyaspossible.

Outlineoftopicsinthechapter:

1.1ComputerSystems

1.2ProgrammingandProblem-Solving

1.3IntroductiontoC++

1.4TestingandDebugging

Generalremarksonthechapter

Thischapterservesasanintroductiontocomputersandthelanguageofcomputersforthosestudentswhohavenocomputerexperience.Theterminologyisveryimportant.Manystudentsonlywanttolearnhowtheprogramminglanguageworks,andseemtobeunhappywhentheyfindthattheyarerequiredtolearntheterminologyassociatedwiththelanguage.Thestudentswholearntheterminologyhavelesstroublebyfarwiththiscourse.

Studentsshouldbegivenanindicationoftheamountofworkthatmustbedonebeforecodingbegins.Thereareinstanceswhereseveralman-yearsofworkhavegoneintosoftwarebeforeasinglelineofcodewaswritten.

Emphasizetheimportanceoftheproblem-solvingphaseofprogramdesign.Thiswillsavethestudentworkinthelongrun.Itisfurtherimportanttoemphasizethattheproblemdefinitionandalgorithmdesignphasesmayneedcorrectingoncetheactualcodingandtestingisinprocess.Thisistrueevenifthealgorithmwascarefullydesktoptested.Emphasizethattheprogramdesignprocessisan'iterative'process.Youmakeastart,test,correctandrepeatuntilyouhaveasolution.

Itisafactthatthesoonerthecodingisstarted（onmostproblems）,thelongertheproblemwilltaketofinish.Mystudentsinsi