英语情态动词的用法.docx

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英语情态动词的用法.docx

英语情态动词的用法

英语情态动词的用法

    情态动词

1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2)情态动词除ought和have外,后面只能接不带to的不定式。

3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。

 情态动词有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),dare(dared),need(needed),oughtto等。

情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语

一、can,could

1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。

Canyouliftthisheavybox?

(体力)

Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知识)

Canyouskate?

(技能)

此时可用beableto代替。

Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而beableto则有更多的时态。

I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.

当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto,不能用Can。

如:

Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.

2)表示请求和允许。

-----CanIgonow?

-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.

此时可与may互换。

在疑问句中还可用could,

might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。

----CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?

----Yes,youcan.(No,I’mafraidnot.)

3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。

They’vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.

Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.

4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

Canthisbetrue?

Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.

Howcanthisbetrue?

二、may,might

1)表示请求和允许。

might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。

否定回答时可用can’t

或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。

----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?

----No,youmustn’t.

----May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?

----Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t.)

用MayI...?

征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用CanI...?

在口语中更常见。

2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。

Mayyousucceed!

3)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。

might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。

1.Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.

2.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.

三、must,haveto

1)表示必须、必要。

Youmustcomeintime.

在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t,don’thaveto(不必).

----Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?

----Yes,youmust.

----No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.

2)must是说话人的主观看法,而haveto则强调客观需要。

Must只有一般现在时,haveto有更多的时态形式。

1.heplayisn’tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.

2.IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.

3)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)

1.You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.

2.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.

四、dare,need

1)dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为dared。

1.HowdareyousayI’munfair?

2.Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?

3.Ifwedarednotgotherethatday,wecouldn’tgetthebeautifulflowers.

2)need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句。

在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。

1.Youneedn’tcomesoearly.

2.----NeedIfinishtheworktoday?

----Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.

3)dare和need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。

在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。

在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。

而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

1.Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.

2.Hedoesn’tdare(to)answer.

3.Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.

五、shall,should

1)shall用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。

Whatshallwedothisevening?

2)shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

1.Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.(警告)

2.HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)

3.Heshallbepunished.(威胁)

六、will,would

1)表示请求、建议等,would更委婉。

Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?

2)表示意志、愿望和决心。

1.Iwillneverdothatagain.

2.Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.

3)would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。

would表示过去习惯时比usedto正式,且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

1.Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.

2.Thewoundwouldnotheal.

4)表示估计和猜想。

Itwouldbeaboutteno’clockwhenshelefthome.

七、should,oughtto

1)should,oughtto表示“应该”,oughtto表示义务或责任,比should语气重。

1.Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.

2.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.

2)表示劝告、建议和命令。

should,oughtto可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。

1.Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.

2.ShouldIopenthewindow?

3)表示推测

should,oughtto(客观推测),must(主观推测)。

1.Hemustbehomebynow.(断定他已到家)

2.Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)

3.Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽)

4.Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含蓄)

 

09牛津中考英语专项训练及答案(9)(缺词填空)

(1)

Atdifferenttimesinaman’slifehisfoodhasdifferenteffects(影响)onhisbody.Amongchildrenf

(1)isquicklychangedtothepower(力量)torunandplaygames.Mostofayoungman’sfoodisspentongrowingt

(2);wegrowupwardsonlyd(3)thefirsttwentyyearsofourl(4),notlater.Workingmengettheirstrongbodiesfromtheirfood;andiftheyworkh(5),theydonotgetfat.Officeworkerseatwellands(6)downalot,andmaybegintogrowfatwhenstillquiteyoung.Manyolderp(7)trytoworkmuchandwalkoften.Perhapsthemostdifficulttimeiswhenamanr(8)sixtyyearsofage.Hisbodyandmindb(9)restful,withoutmuchworkorinterest.Thatiswhenfoodchangesquicklytof(10).

1.___________2.__________3.__________4.____________5.___________6.____________7.__________8.___________9.___________10.___________

(2)

Bats(蝙蝠)aretheonlyflying“animals”intheworld.Itisknowntoallthattheycannotseeverywell.“Asb_______

(1)asabat”isoftenh_________

(2).Yet,theyhavenotroubleflyingonthed___________(3)nightsandfindingtheirwayr___________(4)verywell.Whycanbatsflyandseeatnight?

Theyflyby“radar(雷达)”.Thebat'sradarw_________(5)thesamewayastheradaronshipsandplanes.Asabatfliest____________(6)theair,itmakesasound.Ifthesoundshitt__________(7),theywillcomebackandthebat'se___________(8)willreceivethemessage.Inthisway,thebatisa____________(9)toknowwherethethingsare.Batsgooutforf____________________(10)atnight.Inthedaytime,theyhanginsomedarkplaces.

1.___________2.__________3.__________4.____________5.___________

6.____________7.__________8.___________9.___________10.___________

(3)

Tennisisinitssecondlife.ItsfirstgamebeganinFrance.ThenameofthegamecomesfromtheFrenchword“tennez”.TheEnglishmenc___1____thegame“tennis”whentheywatchedtheFrenchmenplay800yearsago.

TheEnglishmenlikedtheFrenchgame.Tenniscourts(球场)werebuiltineverypark,ineverycity,justliketoday.Thetwocountriesplayedagainsteachother.Atfirsttheyplayedforhonor.Thentheyw__2___money.Laterpeoplebegancheating(欺骗)togetmoney.Threehundredyearsagothegamewasforbidden(禁止)tostopthecheating.Thegamea_____3___disappeared.

AmericansfoundtheoldcourtswhentheywenttoEurope100yearsago.Theylearnedw___4____theycoulddoaboutthegame.TheylikedthegameastheEnglishmenhadb___5____.Afterreturninghome,theAmericansbuilttenniscourts.Tennisbegantobecomew__6_____inalltheUnitedStates.Nowitisoneofthemoste_______gamesintheworldagain.

1.________2._________3._________4.____________5.___________6.___________7.___________

(4)

Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.Everydaymyparentsareverybusyt1tomakemoneyinordertopaythehightuition(学费)formybrotherandme.Theyhardlysay"Iloveyou"orsendf2toeachother.Besides,myfatherhasabadtemper(脾气).Itiseasyforhimtolosehistemperw3he'sverytiredfromthehardwork.Ididn'tknowwhethertherewaslovebetweenthemu4onespring.Atthattime,myfathersuddenlygotbadlysick.Mymotherhadtostaywithhiminthehospitalforamonth.Whentheyreturnedfromthehospital,theybothlookedveryw5asifbothofthemhadaseriousillness.

Aftertheywereback,mymotherhelpedmyfatherwalkslowlyonthecountryroadeverydayinthemorninganddusk.H6,aftertwomonthsmyfatherstillcouldn'twalkbyh7__.Allofuswereworriedabouthim.

"Dad,howareyouf8now?

"Iaskedhimoneday.

"Susan,don'tworryaboutme.”hesaidi9alowvoice.“Ijustlikewalkingwithyourmom.Ilikethiskindoflife.”Readinghiseyes,Iknowhelovesmymotherverymuch.

OnceIthoughtlovem10flowers,presentsandsweetkisses.Butfromthisexperience,Iunderstandthatloveisinside,makinglifestrongandwarm.

1.___________2.__________3.__________4.____________5.___________

6.____________7.__________8.___________9.___________10.___________

(5)

Awomanwaseatinginarestaurant,.Sheaskedthewaitertodomanyt___1___forher.Nowshewasg__2___thewaiteralotoftrouble.f____3___,sheaskedthewaitertoturnontheairconditionerbecauseshef___4_____toohot.Thensheaskedhimtot___5___itoffbecauseshewastoocold.Thiswentonandonforn___6____halfanhour.

Butthewaiterwasverykindand_h__7____.Hedideverythingthewomanasked_h_8___todowithoutgettingangry.F____9___,someoneelseintherestaurantaskedwhythew___10___didn’tjustthrowthewomanout.“Oh,Idon’tcare.”Thewaitersaidandsmiling,“Wedon’tevenhaveanairconditioner.”

1.___________2.__________3.__________4.____________5.___________

6.____________7.__________8.___________9.___________10.___________

(6)

Askpeopletonameasafeplaceandmostwillsay“Home”.ButeveryyeartheBritishGovernment’ssurvey(调查)showsthathomecanbead___1_____place.Lastyear7Britishcitizens(公民)diedwhileputtinguptheirChristmasdecorations(装饰).Over1,600neededm___2______helpafterfallingofftheirchairs.And70peoplehadfatal(致死的)accidentswhilelyinginbed.Itissafetosaythatn_____3____activity(活动)iswithoutdanger.

Someoftheseaccidentsarejusttherisks(冒险)ofmodernliving.Weprefertoriskhavingawashingmachinethatmighthurtusratherthanbesafespendinghourscleaningourclothesbyh____4___.Butmostfatalaccidentsarenottheresultofmechanical(机械的)failure.Thetwomostcommonarefallingdownthestairsandgoingtos___5______inthebath.Thiss____6______thatweareinamoredangeroussituationwhenwefeels___7_______.

1.___________2.__________3.__________4.____________

5.___________6.____________7.__________

(7)

Internationalorganizationsaref__1__tohelpthechildren.Thesep

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