英语开题报告模板.docx

英语开题报告模板.docx

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英语开题报告模板

毕业设计（论文）开题报告

（含文献综述、外文翻译）

题目基于语料库的《祝福》译者风格对比研究

ACorpus-basedContrastiveStudyoftheTranslator'sStylesintheTwoEnglishVersionsof“TheNewYear'sSacrifice”

姓名颜阳天

学号

专业班级英语0706

所在学院外国语学院

指导教师（职称）刘育文（副教授）

二○一一年十二月三十日

毕业设计（论文）

开题报告

（包括选题的意义、可行性分析、研究的内容、研究方法、

拟解决的关键问题、预期结果、研究进度计划等）

RESEARCHPROPOSAL

ACorpus-basedContrastiveStudyoftheTranslator'sStyles

intheTwoEnglishVersionsof“TheNewYear'sSacrifice”

1.PurposeandSignificance

Theconventionaltranslationstudyisusuallybasedonqualitativeandcognitiveapproaches,whichleadtothelackofabundantevidenceanddatainthecourseofanalysis.Inwesterncountries,somesignificantpapersbyMonaBakerindicatetheinceptionofthecorpus-basedtranslationstudiesandalargenumberofinsightfulresearchesweremadeinthelasttwentyyears.However,thisquantitativemethodhasnotbeenadopteduntilthe21stcentury,andthedomesticacademiclevelofcorpusanditsrelativestudiesarestillatitsinfancy.

ThepurposeofthisthesisliesinusingthequantitativemethodfacilitatedbycomputerparallelcorporatocompareandcontrastthestylisticfeaturesoftwoEnglishversionsofLuXun’snovel“TheNewYear’sSacrifice”,namely,onetranslatedbyYangXianyi&GladysYangandtheotherbyWilliamA.Lyell.

Thisthesistriestoapplythelatestapproachtocontrastivestudyoftranslations,whichfeaturesabundantstatisticsanddataanalysisforstylisticandlinguisticevidencefromthetwoselectedtranslationswithanaimtoprovidemoreobjectiveandscientificfindingscomparedwithconventionalqualitativetranslationstudies.

ThiswillbethefirstthesisontranslationstudiesfromtheperspectiveofCorpusLinguisticsbyastudentfromZhejiangUniversityCityCollege.

2.CurrentLiteratureReview

Firstthingsfirst,thebasicconceptsandmethodologycomefromseveralclassicaltextbooksinCorpusLinguistics,TranslationStudiesandStylistics.GraemeKennedy’sAnIntroductiontoCorpusLinguistics,JohnSinclair’sCorpus,Concordance,Collocation,andAnthonyWoods’sStatisticsinLanguageStudiesallmustbereadasanintroductoryguidancewhichpresentapanoramictheoreticaloverviewonCorpusLinguistics.ConcerningStylistics,GeoffreyLeechandMichaelShort’sStyleinFiction:

ALinguisticIntroductiontoEnglishFictionalProseandDavidHoover’sSomeApproachestoCorpusStylisticsshowthetheoreticalbackgroundandpracticalstepsofconventionalstylisticcasestudies.ForTranslationStudies,YangXiaorong’sIntroductiontoTranslationCriticismisawell-acknowledgedbookonthephilosophyandmethodologyinthisfield.

Notsurprisingly,greatadvantagescouldbeeasilyseenifCorpusLinguistics,TranslationStudiesandStylisticsarecombinedcomprehensively.Theadoptionofcorpusintranslationstudiesbeganintheearly1990s.“Recognizingthepotentialforusingcorporaintranslationresearchintheearly1990s,MonaBakermadeanumberofsuggestionsonwhichmuchcorpus-basedanalysisoftranslationhassubsequentlybeenfounded”（Olohan35-56）.

DavidHoover,inhispaperSomeApproachestoCorpusStylistics,claimsthatcorpusstylisticscanbevaluabletoliterarystudies.Hesaysthatwiththehelpofcorpuslinguisticswecanexplorethedegreetowhichanauthorhassucceededincreatingdistinctindividualvoiceswithinanovel,whichwillbeofgreatimportanceinstylisticstudies.Besides,theauthorholdsthatcorpuscanalsobeequallyusefultoanalyzeshorttexts,whichprovidesatheoreticalframeworkforself-builtcorpusinstylisticstudies.

AndBaker’ssuggestionwasintroducedintoChinabyZhangMeifang（张美芳）in2002.Thenthecorpus-basedtranslationstudieshavewitnessedgreatprogressinthefollowingyearswhichprovidespreciousinspirationandsuggestionforthisthesis.

Then,asfortherelevantstudiesinrecentyears,twopapersandonebookareofgreatreferencevalue.ThebookisIntroducingCorporainTranslationStudiesbyMaeveOlohan,oneofMonaBaker’scolleagues,whichprovidesseveralbasiccasestudiesconcerningusingcorporaintranslationstudiesandstylisticcontrasts.AndthetwopapersareTheUseofParallelCorpusinTranslationCriticism-TakeDifferentVersionsofBacon'sOfStudiesforexamplebyXuXin（徐欣）,andCorpus-basedVersionAnalysis-TakePrideandPrejudiceforExamplebyXuWei（徐伟）.Sharingalmostthesamemethodologyandresearchsteps,bothpapersusecorpustomeasurethesourcetextandthetranslationsbysomeverybasicandsuperficialstatistics,wordcount,sentencecount,averagesentencelength,wordlist,themeword,Type-tokenRatio,etc.Theirfindingsareinspiringbuttheresultsaremerelypresentingdataratherthanusingitasasourceofevidencetoinvestigateinsightfulfindingsinstylisticandlinguistictheory.

In2010CorpusLinguisticsboomedinChina,andseveralimportantpaperscontributearemarkabledevelopmentintextmark-up,dataanalysis,theoryinvestigation,etc.

WanLifang’s（万丽芳）LexicalDiversityResearchonL2EnglishMajors’Writing,thoughnotfeaturedintranslationstudies,showsaquantitativeandscientificmethodtomeasurethelexicaldiversity,thatis,lexicalvariation,lexicaldiversityanderrordimension,inEnglishtexts.ThismethodcouldbeadoptedinthisthesistoseethelexicaldifferencesbetweenL2translatorYangXianyiandL1translatorWilliamA.Lyell.

XiaoZhonghua（肖忠华）andDaiGuangrong’s（戴光荣）Finding"TheThirdCode":

ACorpus-basedResearchonTranslationUniversalitymeasuressometypicalEnglishfeatureslikeconjunctionandpassivevoice.ThesetwofeaturesarethemaindifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish,andfromthestatisticswemayseetowhatextentL2translatorscouldbeinfluencedbytheirfirstlanguage.

XingFukun（邢富坤）andChengDongyuan’s（程东元）paperTheReadabilityResearchBasedontheLanguageStatisticalModel?

withintheframeworkofreadabilitytheory,interpretssomecommonlyseendata,suchaswordcount,sentencecount,averagesentencelength,etc.Withthehelpofthispaper,somebasicdatacanbeinterpretedandstudiedunderabroadercontextualizationoftheory.

Lastbutnottheleast,somepanoramicreviewonthedevelopmentofcorpus-basedtranslationstudiesandstylisticscanalsobefoundthisyear,forexample,ZhouXiaoling（周小玲）andJiangJiansong’s（蒋坚松）TheDevelopmentofCorpus-basedTranslator’sStylisticResearchAbroad（2000-2009）,DavidHoover’sSomeApproachestoCorpusStylistics,etc.

3.KeyPointsandPossibleDifficulties

First,asoneoftheobjectsofthisthesisistocompileaself-builtparallelcorpus,allnecessaryprocessesofcompilingsmall-scalecorporamustbefulfilledwhichwouldbetime-consuming,suchasOpticalCharacterRecognition（OCR）,textproofreading,andtextmark-ups.Greatpatience,carefultreatmentandwell-knitlinguisticknowledgemustbeinvolvedinthisprocess.

Second,sometechnicaldifficultiesmaybemetinthefollowingstagesofresearch,suchassoftwarecompatibility,hardwarestabilityandtheunifiedencodingformat.Themainstreamcorpussoftwareavailableatthistimeismostlydevelopedinthelate1990sandearly2000sforWindowsNTfamilyorevenearlier.Asacounterplan,virtualtechnologyhasbeentestedsuccessfullytoensureitsgoodfunctioning.

Third,dataanalysisisanothercriticalaspectaswell.HowtotestifythevalidityofthedataHowtodeterminewhichstatisticalmethodgivesthemost“near-fact”evidenceWillaManipulationofSparseArraybeneededifthesamplesizeistoosmallAllthesequestionsmustbeansweredinthenextseveralmonths.

Data,however,isnottheenditself,evenifitisquiteaccurateandfactrevealing.AsKennedyaddressedinhisAnIntroductiontoCorpusLinguistics,“CorpusLinguisticsisnotanendinitselfbutisonesourceofevidenceforimprovingdescriptionsofthestructureanduseoflanguages”（Kennedy1）.Thisthesiswillconsiderdataastheevidencesourceratherthanthedestinationofitself.

Finallyandnecessarily,thedataisgoingtobeusedtocompareandcontraststylisticfeaturesofthetwotranslations.Alldatamustbeanalyzedbyconventionalqualitativemethodineachsectiontoindicatethesignificanceofdata,thatis,whatdoesthedatamean,orinwhichwaycanweinterpretthedatabyconventionalqualitativetheoryInordertoachievethisgoal,somecasestudiesincorpusstylisticsmustbereadandquantitativeandqualitativemethodsmustbecombined.

4.ApproachesandMethods

Thisthesiswillbeconductedonthebasisofdatacollectionandanalysisofasmall-scaleself-builtparallelcorpus,bywhichquantitativeandqualitativemethodswillbecombinedcomprehensivelytoreachafinalconclusiononstylisticcontrastsbetweenthesourcetext（ST）andtargettexts（TTs）.Toreachthisgoal,STandTTsshouldbemademachine-readableandproofread,andaparallelcorpusshouldbecompiledandmarkedup.

5.ATentativeOutline

1.Introduction

2.“TheNewYear’sSacrifice”anditsTwoEnglishVersions

3.ApproachesandMethods:

Self-builtParallelCorpus

.TheoreticalBackground

.StudyProcedure

4.ACorpus-basedStylisticContrastbetweentheSTandTTs

.Readability

.LexicalDiversity

LexicalDensitybyTTRandStandardizedTTR

LexicalVariationbyUberIndex

LexicalSophisticationbyWordFrequencyProfile

.DifferencesinTranslationalLanguage

ConjunctionUse

PassiveVoice

5.Conclusion

6.WorkSchedule（Thedateindicatedisthedeadlineforeachstage）

24thOct-14thNov.2011:

Meetsupervisorsanddiscusspossibletopicsandreferences.

17thNov.2011:

DecideonthetopicandstartwritingtheResearchProposalandLiterat