学位英语真题及答案.docx

学位英语真题及答案.docx

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学位英语真题及答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked

A,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorresponding

letterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ThereflectivetowersofNewYorkCity,whichisontheAtlanticmigrating（迁徙的）route,canbedeadlyforbirds.“Weliveinanageofglass,”saidMs.Laurel,an

architect.（76）“Itcanbeaperfectmirrorincertainlights,andthelargerthe

glass,themoredangerousitis.”About90,000birdsarekilledbyflyinginto

buildingsinthecityeachyear.Often,theystrikethelowerlevelsofglasstowers

aftersearchingforfoodinnearbyparks.Suchcrashesarethesecond-leadingcause

ofdeathformigratingbirds,afterhabitat（栖息地）loss,withanestimatednumber

ofdeathranginguptoabillionayear.

（77）Asglassofficeandapartmenttowershaveincreasedinthelastdecade,so,

toohavecallstomakethemlessdeadlytobirds.SanFranciscoadoptedbird-safety

standardsfornewbuildingsinJuly.TheUnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil,a

nonprofitindustrygroupthatencouragesthecreationofenvironmentallyconscious

buildings,willintroduceabird-safetycreditthisfallaspartofitsenvironmental

certificationprocess.

Therearenoeasyfixes,however.Afewresearchersareexploringglassdesigns

thatuseultraviolet（紫外线的）signals,buttheyarestillintheirinfancy.Covers,

dotpatterns,shadesandnetsarethemainoptionsavailable.

Often,onlyonesectionofabuildingneedstobechanged.Youdon'tnecessarily

havetotreateverywindow,Ms.Laurelsaid.Itwouldbetooexpensivetodothe

wholebuilding.TheJacobICJavitsConventionCenter,whichhasbeenundergoing

alterations,isthemostrecentbuildingtovoluntarilycorrecttheproblemofbird

crashes.Thearchitectsusedlessreflectiveglassanddotpatterns.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage

A.NewYorkisacityofglasstowers.

B.Glasstowersaredangerousformigratingbirds.

C.NewYorkadoptednewsafetystandardsforbuildings.

D.GlasstowersareanewtrendintheUnitedStates.

2.Whatisthenumberonecauseofdeathformigratingbirds

A.Climatechange.B.Habitatloss.

C.Lackoffood.D.Crashingintobuildings.

3.Whatdoestheword“fixes”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean

A.Choices.B.Explanations.

D.Developments.C.Solutions.

4.areusedinthealterationoftheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenter.

A.DotpatternsB.Shades

C.NetsD.Covers

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage

A.Inmanycases,thewholebuildingneedstobealteredtopreventbirdcrashes.

B.TheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenteristhefirstbuildingtodealwiththe

problemofbirdcrashes.

C.About90,000birdsarekilledduetohabitatlossinNewYorkCityeachyear.

D.Unfortunately,glassdesignsthatuseultravioletsignalsarestillintheir

earlystages.

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Today'sstudentshavegrownuphearingmoreaboutBillGatesthanF.D.R.,and

theyliveinaworldwhereamazinginnovations（革新）arecommon.Thecurrent

18-year-olds,afterall,were8whenGooglewasfoundedbytwostudentsatStanford;

MarkZuckerbergfoundedFacebookin2004whilehewasatHarvardandtheywereentering

highschool.Havinggrownupdigital（数字的）,theyareimpatienttogetonwithlife.

Theeasiestwaytofredkidsliketheseistocheckinonentrepreneurship（企业家才能）education,inwhichcollegesanduniversitiestrytopreparetheir

studentstorecognizeopportunitiesandseizethem.

AreportpublishedlastyearbytheKauffmanFoundation,whichfinancesprograms

topromoteinnovationoncampuses,notedthatmorethan5,000entrepreneurship

programsareofferedontwo-andfour-yearcampuses-upfromjust250coursesin1985.

LesaMitchell,aKauffmanvicepresident,saysthatthefoundationisextendingthe

reachofitsacademicinfluence,whichusedtobefoundonlyinbusinessschools.Now,

theconceptofentrepreneurshipisbloominginengineeringprogramsandmedical

schools,andevenintheliberalarts.“Ourinterestisinalltheprograms,”she

says.“Weneedtospreadoutfromthebusinessschool.”

Eitherasclassprojectsorontheirown_,studentsinavarietyofmajorsare

comingupwithideas,writingbusinessplansandseeingthemthroughtoprototype

and,often,market.Intheirsparetime,studentsinagriculturaleconomicsatPurdue

inventnewusesforbean;industrialdesignmajorsatSyracuse,inaspecial

laboratory,createwearabletechnologies.

（78）Theentrepreneurshipmovementhasitscritics'especiallyamongthosewho

seecollegeasatimeforextensiveacademicexploration.“Ijustdon'tthinkthat

entrepreneurshiprankssohighintermsofnational:

need,”saysDanielS.Greenberg,

ScienceforSale:

ThePerils,RewardsandDelusionsofCampusCapitalism.authorof

LeonardA.Schlesinger,BabsonCollege'spresident,saysthatthequestionof

whetherinnovationcanreallybetaughtis“anage-oldargument.”

6.WhenGoogleandFacebookwereestablished,thefounderswerestill__________.

A.inhighschoolB.inthearmy

C.inprimaryschoolD.atcollege

educationentrepreneurshipofpurposemaintheiswhatpassage,thetoAccording7.

A.Topreparestudentsforfutureacademiclife.

B.Topreparestudentstofredoppommitiesandseizethem.

C.Topreparestudentsforoverseascareer.

D.Topreparestudentstodevelopinterpersonalskills.

8.Theword“prototype”inthefourthparagraphismostlikelytomean__________

A.modelB.strategyC.methodD.stage

9.WhatdoesDanielS.Greenbergthinkofentrepreneurshipeducation

A.Entrepreneurship,oratleastcertainelementsofit,canbetaught.

B.Anentrepreneurshipprogramcanhelpstudentsfindwhattheyreallylikeand

entrepreneurshipisn'tallaboutbusiness.

C.Entrepreneurshipshouldbespreadacrossdifferentfields.

D.Collegesshouldn'tputtoomuchemphasisonentrepreneurshipprograms.

10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage

A.Entrepreneurshipcoursesinbusinessschools.

B.Qualitiesofanentrepreneur.

C.Entrepreneurshipeducationincolleges.

D.Kidsintheinformationage.

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Regretisascommonanemotionasloveorfear,anditcanbenearlyaspowerful.

So,inanewpaper,tworesearcherssetabouttryingtofindoutwhatthetypical

Americanregretsmost.Intelephonesurveys,NealRoese,apsychologistandprofessor

ofmarketingattheSchoolofmanagementatNorthwesternUniverSity,andMikeMorrison,

adoctoralcandidateinpsychologyatUniversityofIllinois,asked370Americans,

aged19to103,totalkabouttheirmostnotableregret.Participantswereaskedwhat

theregretwas,whenithappened,whetheritwasaresultofsomethingtheydidor

didn'tdo,andwhetheritwassomethingthatcouldstillbefixed.

Themostcommonlymentionedregretsinvolvedromance（浪漫的事）（18%）——lost

lovesorunfulfilledrelationships.Familyregretscameinsecond（16%）,withpeople

stillfeelingbadlyaboutbeingunkindtotheirbrothersorsistersinchildhood.

Otherfrequentlyreportedregretsinvolvedcareer（13%）,education（12%）,money（10%）

andparenting（9%）.

RoeseandMorrison'sstudy,whichistobepublishedinSocialPsychologicaland

PersonalityScience,issignificantinthatitsurveyedawiderangeoftheAmerican

public,includingpeopleofallagesandsocio-economicandeducationalbackgrounds.

Previousstudiesonregrethavefocusedlargelyoncollegestudents,whopredictably

tendtohaveeducation-focusedregrets,likewishingtheyhadstudiedharderora

differentmajor.Thenewsurveyshowsthatinthelargerpopulation,aperson'slife

circumstancesaccomplishments,shortcomings,situationinlife-inject

considerablefuelintothefiresofregret,theauthorswrite.

（79）Peoplewithlesseducation,forinstance,weremorelikelytoreport

educationregrets.Peoplewithhigherlevelsofeducationhadthemostcareerregrets.

Andthosewithnoromanticparmertendedtoholdregretsregardinglove.

Brokendown（分解、细分）bysex,morewomen（44%）thanmen（19%）hadregretsabout

loveandfamilynotsurprising,sincewomenvaluesocialrelationshipsmorethan

men,theauthorswrite.Incontrast,men（34%）weremorelikelythanwomen（27%）to

mentionwork-relatedregrets,wishingthey'dchosenadifferentcareerpath,for

instance,orfollowedtheirpassion.（80）Manyparticipantsalsoreportedwishing

theyhadworkedlesstospendmoretimewiththeirchildren.

Therewasanevensplitbetweenregretsaboutinaction（notdoingsomething）and

action（doingsomethingyouwishyoudidn't）.But,likepreviousstudies,thecurrent

researchfoundthatsomeregretsaremorelikelythanotherstopersistovertime:

peopletendtohangonlongertotheregretofinaction;meanwhile,regretsofaction

tendtobemorerecent.

11.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorshows__________.

A.theresearchers'findingsB.theimportanceoffamily

C.theimportanceofmoneyD.theimportanceofcareer

12.Accordingtothepassage,collegestudentparticipantsmainlyhadregretsabout

their__________.

A.familyandchildhoodB.studyandmajor

C.careerandjobD.romanceandfear

13.Theword

otableinthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto__________.

A.commonB.capable

C.wond