武汉市第二十中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案.docx

武汉市第二十中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案.docx

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武汉市第二十中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案

2020年武汉市第二十中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationisn’taneither/orone,althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM（science,technology,engineering,maths）-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway.

Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsoinsiststhatthestudyofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesmustremaincentralelementsofAmerica’seducationalsystematalllevels.Bothareasarethekeytoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovativeleaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides.

Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates’jobprospectsastechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformprofessionsinwaysthatreducewagesandcutjobs.Underthesecircumstances,it’snaturaltolookforwhatmayappeartobethemost“practical”wayoutoftheproblem;“majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob”seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.Indeed,accordingtosurveys,employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.

Moreover,studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob,butfortheir4thand5thjobs,asthere’slittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworkforcetodaywillbecalledupontoplaymanydifferentrolesoverthecourseoftheircareers.Theoneswhowilldothebestinthisnewenvironmentwillbethosewhoseeducationshavepreparedthemtobeflexible.Theabilitytotakeadvantageofeveryavailabletoolandinsight—pickedupfromscience,arts,andtechnology—tosolvetheproblemsofthefuture,andseizetheopportunities,willbehelpfultothemandthenation.

1.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreportsuggest?

A.STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety.

B.ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.

C.Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents’spirituallife.

D.Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.

2.Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychooseamajor?

A.Theirinterestinrelevantsubjects.B.Theacademicvalueofthecourses.

C.Thequalityofeducationtoreceive.D.Theirchancesofgettingagoodjob.

3.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthesocalled“soft”subjects?

A.Theybenefitstudentsintheirfuturelife.B.Theybroadenstudents’rangeofinterests.

C.Theyjustimprovestudents’communicationskills.D.Theyareessentialtostudents’healthygrowth.

B

Whenyouwalkonasandybeach,ittakesmoreenergythanstridingdownasidewalk—becausetheweightofyourbodypushesintothesand.Turnsout,thesamethingistrueforvehiclesdrivingonroads.Theweightofthevehiclescreatesaveryshallowindentation（凹陷）inthepavement（路面）—anditmakesitsuchthatit’scontinuouslydrivingupaveryshallowhill.

JeremyGregory,asustainabilityscientistatM.I.T.andhisteammodeledhowmuchenergycouldbesaved—andgreen-housegasesavoided—bysimplystiffening（硬化）thenation’sroadsandhighways.Andtheyfoundthatstiffening10percentofthenation’sroadseveryyearcouldprevent440megatonsofcarbondioxideequivalentemissionsoverthenextfivedecades—enoughtooffsethalfapercentofprojectedtransportationsectoremissionsoverthattimeperiod.Toputthoseemissionssavingsintocontext—thatamountisequivalenttohowmuchCO2you’dsparetheplanetbykeepingabillionbarrelsofoilintheground—orbygrowingsevenbilliontrees—foradecade.

TheresultsareintheTransportationResearchRecord.

Asforhowtostiffenroads?

Gregorysaysyoucouldmixsmallamountsofsyntheticfibersorcarbonnanotubesintopavingmaterials.Oryoucouldpavewithcement-basedconcrete,whichisstifferthanasphalt（沥青）.

Thissystemcouldalsobeawaytoshavecarbonemissionswithoutsomeoftheusualhurdles.Usually,whenitcomestoreducingemissionsinthetransportationsector,you’retalkingaboutchangingpoliciesrelatedtovehiclesandalsodriverbehavior,whichinvolvesmillionsandmillionsofpeople—asopposedtochangingthewaywedesignandmaintainourpavements.That’sjustontheorderofthousandsofpeoplewhoareworkingintransportationagencies.Andwhenitcomestoretrofitting（翻新）ourstreetsandhighways—thoseagenciesarewheretherubbermeetstheroad.

4.Whydoestheauthormention“walkonasandybeach”inparagraph1?

A.Topresentafact.B.Tomakeacontrast.

C.Toexplainarule.D.Toshareanexperience.

5.WhatsuggestiondoestheauthorgivetoreduceCO2emissions?

A.Hardeningtheroad.B.Keepingoilintheground.

C.Growingtreesfordecades.D.Improvingthetransportation.

6.Whatistheadvantageofthissuggestion?

A.Gainingmoresupport.B.Consuminglessmoney.

C.Involvingmorepeople.D.Facingfewerusualobstacles.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Thoseagenciesarelikelytomakemorerules.

B.Thoseagencieswillchangesomerelatedpolicies.

C.Thoseagenciesmightputmorerubbertiresontheroads.

D.Thoseagencieswillplayakeyroleinmakingthishappen.

C

Whengirlsplaywithcars,they'reserious.ItwasatprimaryschoolthatGuHuijingfirstbecameinterestedincarsafterwatchingsomecar-themedmovies.Bornin2004inShenzhen,Guangdongprovince,Gudecidedtomajorinautomobiles（汽车）whenshewasinjuniorhigh.

She'sdrivenbyinterest,butsheisalsoarealist.“Ithinkthefutureoftheautomobileindustryisbrightbecausewecannotlivewithoutfood,clothes,housesandcars,”shesaid.

InApril,shewonfirstprizeatacompetitionforvehiclemaintenance（车辆维修）inDongguancity,whichdrew33teamsfromdifferentcitiesacrosstheprovince.

“Ithoughtitcouldn'tbethathardtorepaircarswhenIstartedtotakecourses,butIwastotallywrong,”Gusaid.Whenshestartedlearningin2019,shewasfrequentlyconfusedbyvariousproblems.“Andcompetitionwithinourschoolisintense,soIhadtoworkextrahard,”shesaid.

Herteacheroncetriedtopersuadehertogiveupasshewasasophomore（大二学生）,andwasn'tasknowledgeableastheseniors,andnowomenhadeverbeenselectedforthecompetitionbefore.“ButIinsistedthatIwouldcarryon,”shesaid.Finally,hertrainingandhardworkwonhertheonlyplacetostandforherschoolatthecompetition.

Awomanwinningfirstprizeinavehiclemaintenancecompetitionbecameahottopicon-line,causingheateddiscussionsovergender（性别）andcareerchoices.“Womenshouldnotbeinfluencedbyold-fashionedthinking,andshoulddowhateverittakestodiscovertheirinterestsandstrengths.Therearemorepossibilitiesoutthere,”onenetizenwrote.

Gusaid,“Manypeoplethinkvehiclemaintenanceisajobformen.That'swrong.Idon'tthinkgenderhasanythingtodowithchoiceofjobs.”“IhaveagoalandIwillworkhardertomakeithappen,”sheadded.“Iwillberesponsibleformychoices.”

8.WhatwasacauseofGu'schoosingautomobilesashermajor?

A.Theloveforautomobiles.

B.Theguidancefromherparents.

C.Thehighpopularityofautomobiles.

D.Thedeterminationtocontributetosociety.

9.WhydidGu'steacheradvisehertoquitthecompetition?

A.Shelackedtheknowledgerelatedtoit.

B.Shehadnevertakenpartinacompetitionbefore.

C.Shewasunlikelytowinthecompetition.

D.Womenwerenotallowedtoenterthecompetition.

10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGuHuijing?

A.Creativeandcaring.B.Determinedandhard-working.

C.Independentandhumorous.D.Honestandcourageous.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ThereIsNoEndToLearning

B.TeenageGirlWinsCarRepairContest

C.VehicleMaintenanceCatchesOn

D.TakingChallengeLeadsToSuccess

D

DidyouknowpeoplewholiveindifferentpartsofChinahavedifferenthabitsandpreferences?

Forexample,peoplefromsouthernChinaprefertoeatvegetables,whilepeoplefromnorthChinaliketoeatmeat.Accordingtoanewstudyinajournal,genevariations（变异）mightberesponsibleforthesedifferences.ResearchersfromChina’sBGIcollectedgeneticinformationfrom141,431Chinesewomen,whocamefrom31provincesandconsistedof36ethnicminoritygroups.

TheyfoundthatnaturalselectionhasplayedanimportantroleinthewaysthatpeoplelivingindifferentregionsofChinahavedeveloped,affectingtheirfoodpreferences,immunities（免疫力）toillnessandphysicalfeatures.

AvariationofthegeneFADS2ismorecommonlyfoundinnorthernpeople.Ithelpspeoplemetabolize（新陈代谢）fattyacids,whichsuggestsadietthatisrichinflesh.Thisisduetoclimatedifferences.NorthernChinaisatahigherlatitude.Thisweatherisdifficulttogrowvegetablesin.Therefore,northernerstendtoeatmoremeat.

Thestudyalsofounddifferencesintheimmunesystemsofbothgroups.MostpeopleinsouthernChinacarrythegeneCR1,whichprotectsagainstmalaria.MalariawasoncequitecommoninsouthernChina.Inordertosurvive,thegenesofpeopleinthesouthevolvedtofightagainstthisdisease.However,peopleinthesoutharealsomoresensitivetocertainillnesses,astheylackthegenestostopthe