雅思小作文笔记个人整理内容最全.docx
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雅思小作文笔记个人整理内容最全
文章结构:
Introduction,1-2sentences,rewritethequestion
Body1,1+Xsentences,第一句总体概括,X句具体介绍数字
Body2,1+Xsentences,第一句总体概括,X句具体介绍数字
Conclusion,1-2sentences,第一句介绍总数(可不写);第二句做总结。
开头段:
1-2句,转述原题
转述原题3法:
①添加单词②删除单词③替换单词(注意:
改动不需过多,3-4处,即可)
原题一句变两句,两句变一句。
全部改写,要保证语法、句型的正确性。
开头段的时态:
永远一般现在时
【原文】
Thetableshowstheresultsofasurveyin2004whichaskedundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentsofaUKuniversitywhethertheyweresatisfiedwiththefacilitiesattheuniversity.
【改写】
Thediagramgivesabreakdown(明细表)aboutdifferentattitudesamongundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentstowardsequipmentsofaUKcollegeintheyear2004.
【原文】Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationsinAmericaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.
改后:
Thebarchartillustratesthediverselevelsofpost-schoolcertificatesintheUSandthepercentageofmalesandfemalesholdingthemin1999.
Levelout(变得水平;持平)
Example:
In1985,earningsleveledoutamongstpeoplewithaMaster’sdegreeandwithaDoctoraldegree.
句型、词汇、短语:
Asshowninthefirst/second……..,
Accordingtothe……..,
Overall,itcanbeseenthat
Thistableshowsastrikingdifference/similaritybetween
Themoststrikingfeatureofthegraphisthesuddenincreaseinthepopularityinthecomputergames.
Anotherfactworthnoticinginthegraphisthat…….后面接完整的句子如果要跟名词不加that
Anotherfactworthnoticinginthegraphisthehighcostoffuels.
Themostremarkablepointisthat…….
Thegraphshowsthedifferencebetweenthepercentages注意用复数ofmalesandfemalesdoingfull-timejobs.
在表示百分数时可以用percent或percentagepercentage的一个意思就是百分比(名词)就不能直接跟在数词后面,要表示"百分之36"时,只能说"aPERCENTAGEof36"而不是"36PERCENTAGE"(因为percentage只能作名词);
前者用法是:
数词+percent+of+sth;这时后面谓语的单复数以percent后面跟的主语为主,例如:
2percentoftheapples(这里是复数的可数名词)are(所以用复数)eaten.
2percentoftheapple(这里是单数,指的是一个苹果的一部分)is(用单数)eaten.
2percentofthewater(这里是不可数名词)is(单数)drunk.
后者的用法是Thepercentageof+sth+is,注意这里不管后面跟的是什么词,都用is(这里忽略别的时态)
1.Thepercentageofthestudentsis46.
2.Thepercentageofthewateris46.
Thesizeofthepopulationwillincreaseshaplyinthefuture.
.75.6percentofthemalepopulationoversixteen...…16岁以上男性人群的75.6%.
Asmall/largeproportionofstudentsare……..
InBritainpeoplespentthesmallestamountofmoneyonpersonal+sth.
大量alarge/considerable/substantialnumberof可数alarge/considerable/substantialamountof不可数
少量asmall/limited/tinynumberofafewofasmall/limited/tinyamountofalittleof
Lotsof/alotof/plentyof即可用于可数也可用于不可数
过去一段时间内的情况变化,用过去式。
Theamountofenergyconsumedbyindustrydoulbedduringthelastdecadeofthetwentiethcentury.
Theshareofglobalresourcesconsumedbypoorestcountrieswentdownduringthatperiod.
AisonlymarginallygreaterthanthatofB.
Doubletriplen,adj,vi,vt
Therewasasubstantialdeclineinthe……
HousingprisesintheUKfellconsistentlyfrom2010to2012.
After2007,thehousingpricesintheUKfellconsistentlyinthefollowingtwoyears,bottomingat…..attheendofthisperiod.
Inthefollowingyear表达时间的小词
时间区间表达:
Theperiodbetween10o’clock/1991and12o’clock/2000.
Then,from1910to1998,itremainedstable.
Then,inthenext20years/20hours,thenumberof……/thequantityof…….
Overthisspanof28years…..Duringthe28-yearperiod……
Fromthispoint/2000onwards……用于有标志性节点的链接
Thegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween1991and2001.between…and…
inMarch,2002=inthemonthofMarch,2002
afterpeakingat90millionthefollowingyear,第二年达到了顶峰,避免再用时间重复thesecategoryhadfallenbacktothe1995figureby2000.
Thisrisewasparticularlynoticeablebetween1999and2000,duringwhichtimetheuseof…..tripled.
Overthefollowingthree/twoyearsdaysmonths
Remain分词remainedremaining
remainder剩余物剩余部分
In1980Australiausedcoalasthemainelectricitysource(50units),andtheremainderwasproducedfromnaturalgas,hydropower(eachproducing20units)andoil(whichproducedonly10units).
Theremaining40unitswereproducedlargelyfromoilandnuclearpower,……
+from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)
对比链接词:
Bycontrastsimilarlyincomparison
以上句子间对比,句内对比while/whereas
Europehadasmuchas9.8%ofdegradationduetodeforestation,while/whereastheimpactofthison……wasminimal/waslesssignificant.
连接词:
atfirst=initialy,then,afterthat,fromthispointonwards,finally=eventually,subsequently,afterwards
Morespecifically=moreprecisely
时态和语法:
B1P243
Teacher’payremainedthebiggerscost,reaching50%oftotalspendingin1991andendingat15%in2001.现在分词详述变化趋势
Thepopulationwhoowncomputers有些名词可以用现在分词修饰,有些不可
constituted/represented20%ofthetotalin2001.
没有给出具体年代时间说明描述的是一般情况,用一般现在时态。
Standsat,stoodat
给出具体年代的数据,过去的用过去时,将来的用将来时。
Will+动词原形:
willcontinuetoriseinthenexttwodecades.
Aisexpectedtocontinue,reaching40tonnesin2030.
Thisrisingtrendisexpectedtocontinue,reaching40tonnesin2030.
Constant恒定的;不变的;constantly不断的经常的
Consistentconsistently始终如一的;
词汇整理:
趋势:
sawanupwardtrend/witnessedadownwardtrendsawanoppositetrend
上升:
increasedto20%reached4000/thehighestpointin1980soar/soaredtorocketedto
下降:
fellconsistentlyfrom2001to2010droppedswiftlytoplummetedto
波动:
remainedstable/constant一个是稳定一个是不变注意区别remainedrelativelystable
Reachedaplateauat…….
Fluctuatedbetween25hoursand35hours
steadysteadily一adj一副词
预期:
描述将来的变化趋势
Amoredramaticriseispredictedbetweem2020and2025.
Thefigureisexpectedtoreach23%by2020.
Theproportionof…….inallthreecategoriesisexpectedtoincreasetoalmost25%.
第一用is,因为是一个数字第二expected/projected/predicted后要有to,to后用原形动词
超过:
surpassovertake
Thegrowthrateof……isexpectedtosurpassthatof……by2030.
倍数:
istwiceasmanyasisthreetimesasmany/muchasdoubledtripled
thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof...该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。
鲜明对比:
beinmarkedcontrastwith
Thisisinmarkedcontrastwith1990when60%ofthosewhoheldanundergraduatediplomaweremen.
Thisnewtrendisinmarkedcontrastwiththetrenditexperiencedinthe1980s.
Whereas而while/whilst而同时前者对比更加强烈
Line:
变化趋势+明显的结论,结论可以在第二段第三段,但要给结尾留内容。
描述重点:
起点终点;最高值最低值;变化趋势:
上升下降线的相交变化趋势的缓急
例题:
B1P226239/242J9p168(未来变化趋势)/J6p30J8T4
练习:
J5P30/163
句型词汇:
Justunder,justover,increase/declinerepidly,experienceaslightgrowth/asharprise两个都做名词increasedmoreslowly
用于开头描述起点:
多用with.不适合用with的地方用standat/stoodat一般为后者
Petrolandoilarethedominantfuelsourcesthroughoutthis25-yearperiod,with35unitsusedin1980,过去分词表被动和过去,risingto45untisin2012.现在分词表主动和现在
In1979beefwasbyfarthemostpopularofthesefoods,withabout225gramsconsumedperpersonperweek.
Carsremainedtopamongthemodesinthe15years,withitsaveragemilesincreasingconsiderablyfrom3,199in1985to4,806in2000.
In1940theproportionofpeopleaged65ormorestoodatonly50%inJapan,approximately7%inSwedenand9%intheUSA.
用于描写折线,有单边趋势:
Theamountofgoodstransportedbywaterwasconstant(adj.)at40milliontonnesfrom1974to1978,andthenitshowedasubstantialgrowth,risingtoalmost60milliontonnesafterwhichitplateauedforabout20yearsbeforestartingtorise/declinegraduallyagain.
用于描写折线,有小的、不易描述的波动:
The…..of….hasbeenrisensteadilyoverthe20yearperiodwhilethe….hasbeenindeclineoverthesameperiodwithaslightincreaseinpopularitysince1985.
Inspiteofsomefluctuationsintheexpectedpercentages,theproportionofolderpeoplewillcontinuetoriseinthenexttwodecades.
单线描述,超过某一量:
Theconsumptionofchicken,ontheotherhand,shownedan/aupward/downwardtrend,overtakingthatoflambin1980andthatofbeefin1993.By2004ithadsoaredtoalmost250gramsperpersonperweek.
Thepriceremained/wasconstantduringthenext20years.
量很小:
Waterusedintheindustrialanddomesticsectorsalsoincreased,buttheamount/consumptionwasminimaluntil1991.
未来的数字的预测:
Aisexpected/projected/predictedtoreach……
Aisprojectedtomorethandoubledby2015.
Theproportionofelderlypeopleinallthreecountriesisexpectedtoincreasetoalmost20%in2020.
Inspiteofsomefluctuationsintheexpectedpercentages,theproportionofolderpeoplewillcontinue(will后接动词原形,构成一般将来时)toriseinthenexttwodecades.
描述两条很相近的线:
AandBaresimilarovertheperiod.From20and15respectivelyin1980,Ashowedaninitialfall,Bshowedagradualincrease,theywereequalbetween1985and1990.Aispredictedtoincreasesteadilyto30in2018,whereasafter2014,Bwillremainstableat50.
一条线上涨或下降后回到原点:
After/somefluctuations/aslightincrease/adecline/,Ahadfallenbacktothe1980figure.Itisexpectedtomaintainthisleveluntil2030,whiletheotherswillriseslightlyafter2025.
J9范文第三段:
Table:
描述重点:
单项的变化趋势(增加、减少)或大幅增加大幅减少不同项目间数字的大小介绍不同数字
结论写单项和总数的关系
Howerver,atthesametime,thepercentageofstudentpopulationwhocamefromabroadremainedalmostunchangedbetween1928and1985,being5%and6%repectively,butrosemarkedlyafterthat,sothatby2008foreignstudentsrepresented20%ofthetotal.
例题1:
J6T1
重点准备:
用于描写项目不多的题目,会配合其他图形出题!
三个项目写了三句话!
Thetableillustratesthedifferencesinagricultureconsumption(一个名词)insomeareasoftheworldbycontrastingtheamountofirrigatedlandinBrazil(26.300km)withthatintheUK().
ThismeansthatahugeamountofwaterisusedinagricultureinBrazil,andthisisreflectedinthefigureforwaterconsumptionperperson:
356mcomparedwithonly8mintheCongo.
Withapopulationof176million,thefiguresforBrazilindicatehowhighagriculturalwaterconsump