职称英语理工A级真题及答案网友版.docx

职称英语理工A级真题及答案网友版.docx

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职称英语理工A级真题及答案网友版

答案：

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答案：

ABBBBCA

答案：

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第一篇　SmallButWise【小而聪明】

　　OnDecember14,NASA1blastedasmallbutmightytelescopeintospace.ThetelescopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don'tletitssmallsizefoolyou:

WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjects2intheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxies3andgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsarebom.

　　“I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaven'tseenbefore,”saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEproject.

　　Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEtelescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit4（thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap5）.Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.

　　ThepicturestakenbyWISEwon'tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsfor“Wide-fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.”Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation6.

　　Radiationisenergythattravelsasawave.Visiblelight,includingthefamiliarspectrumoflight7thatbecomesvisibleinarainbow,isanexampleofradiation.Whenanordinarydigitalcameratakesapictureofatree,forexample,itreceivesthewavesofvisiblelightthatarereflectedoffthetree.Whenthesewavesenterthecamerathroughthelens,they'reprocessedbythecamera,whichthenputstheimagetogether.

　　Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.

　　That'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsothertelescopescan't.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace—buttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydon'treflectlight,sothey'redifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfraredtelescopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.

　　Browndwarfs8areanotherkindofdeep-spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars—whichmeanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstart9thesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimthatthey'realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.

答案：

DADDB

Downloadknowledgedirectlytoyourbrain（正确下载知识到你的大脑）

　　36：

whathaveresearchersbeenabletodowiththehelpofthestudy

　　A:

makeapersonknowhowtodosomethingwithoutlearning

　　B:

setupdifferentlearningpatternsfordifferentpeople

　　C:

Enablepeopletolearnkungfuinstantly

　　D:

Discoveraperson’slearningprocessinthebrain

　　37：

whathelpsapersontodoaparticulartaskbetterinvisualperceptuallearning

　　A:

TestingB:

EncouragementC:

RepetitionD:

self-assessment

　　38:

whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheexperimentparticipants

　　A:

theywerenottoldwhattobelearnedintheexperiment

　　B:

theylearnedhowtocontrolMRLmachinesintheexperiment

　　C:

theywerepaidtotakepartintheexperiment

　　D:

theywerenotcooperativeintheexperiment

　　39:

thefindingofthestudyismostsignificantinthatlearning

　　A:

isfulloffunB:

isvisualized

　　C:

becomesunnecessaryD:

happensunconsciously

　　40:

whoaremostlikelytobenefitfromthestability

　　A:

seniorpeopleB:

teenagers

　　C:

musiciansD:

Athletes

答案：

DCCBA

答案：

BABAC

答案：

CADFB

SolarPowerwithoutSolarCells【没有太阳能电池的太阳能】

　　AdramaticandsurprisingmagneticeffectoflightdiscoveredbyUniversityofMichigan1researcherscouldleadtosolarpowerwithouttraditionalsemiconductor-basedsolarcells.

　　Theresearchersfoundawaytomakean“optical1,”saidStephenRand,aprofessorinthedepartmentsofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience,PhysicsandAppliedPhysics.

　　Lighthaselectricandmagneticcomponents.Untilnow,scientiststhoughtthe2ofthemagheticfieldweresoweakthattheycouldbeignored.WhatRandandhiscolleaguesfoundisthatattherightintensity,whenlightistravelingthroughamaterialthatdoesnotconductelectricity,thelightfieldcangeneratemagneticeffectsthatare100milliontimesstrongerthan

　　3expected.4thesecircumstances,themagneticeffectsdevelopstrengthequivalenttoastrongelectriceffect.

　　“Thiscouldleadtoanewkindofsolarcellwithoutsemiconductorsandwithoutabsorptiontoproducechargeseparation,”Randsaid.“Insolarcells,the5goesintoamaterial,getsabsorbedandcreatesheat.Here,weexpecttohaveaverylowheatload2.Insteadofthelightbeingabsorbed,energyisstoredinthemagneticmoment3.Intensemagnetizationcanbeinducedbyintenselightandthenitisultimatelycapableofprovidingacapacitivepower6”Whatmakesthispossibleisapreviouslyundetectedbrandof“opticalrectification4,”saysWilliamFisher,adoctoralstudent5inappliedphysics.Intraditionalopticalrectification,light'selectricfieldcausesachargeseparation,orapulling7ofthepositiveandnegativecharges6inamaterial.Thissetsupavoltage,similarto8inabattery.

　　RandandFisherfoundthatundertherightcircumstancesandinrighttypesofmaterials,thelight'smagneticfieldcanalsocreateopticalrectification.Thelightmustbeshonethrough7a

　　9thatdoesnot10electricity,suchasglass.Anditmustbefocusedtoanintensityof10millionwattspersquarecentimeter8.Sunlightisn'tthisintenseonitsown,butnewmaterialsarebeingsoughtthatwouldworkatlowerintensities,Fishersaid.

　　“Inourmostrecentpaper,weshowthatincoherentlight9likesunlightistheoreticallyalmostas11inproducingchargeseparationaslaserlightis,”Fishersaid.

　　Thisnew12couldmakesolarpowercheaper,theresearcherssay.Theypredictthatwithimprovedmaterialstheycouldachieve10percentefficiencyin13solarpowertouseableenergy.That'sequivalenttotoday'scommercial-gradesolarcells.

　　“Tomanufacture14solarcells,youhavetodoextensivesemiconductorprocessing,”Fishersaid.“Allwewouldneedarelensestofocusthelightandafibertoguideit.Glassworksfor15It'salreadymadeinbulk10,anditdoesn'trequireasmuchprocessing.Transparentceramicsmightbeevenbetter.”

1、Abattery2、Dcomponents

　　3、Cignored4、Cconduct

　　5、Aequivalent6、Dlight

　　7、Dsource8、Dapart

　　9、Athat10、Bmaterial

　　11、Cintense12、Aas

　　13、Dtechnology14、Cextensive

　　15、Cboth