自考真题英语阅读.docx

自考真题英语阅读.docx

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自考真题英语阅读

　全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试

　　英语阅读

（一）试题

　　课程代码：

00595

　　全部题目用英文作答（翻译题除外），请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

　　I.CarefulReading.（40points,2pointsforeach）

　　Directions:

Readthefollowingpassagescarefully.DecideonthebestanswersantlthenwritethecorrespondinglettersonyourAnswerSheet.

　　PassageOne

　　Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Theoldfashionedgeneralstoreisfastdisappearing.Thisis,perhaps,apity,becauseshoppingtodayseemstolackthatpersonalelementwhichexistedwhentheshopkeeperknewallhisregularcustomerspersonally.Hecould,forinstance,rememberwhichbrandofteaMrs.SmithusuallyboughtorwhatsortofwashingpowderMrs.Jonespreferred.Notonlywastheshopacenterofbuyingandselling,butasocialmeetingplace.

　　Aprosperousgeneralstoremighthaveemployedfourorfiveassistants,andsotherewereveryfewproblemsinmanagementasfarasthestaffwasconcerned.Butnowthatthesupermarkethasreplacedthegeneralstore,thejobofthemanagerhaschangedcompletely.Themodermsupermarketmanagerhastocopewithastaffofasmanyasahundred,apartfromalltheothereverydayproblemsofrunningalargebusiness.

　　Everymorningthemanagermust,likethecommanderofanarmydivision,carryoutaninspectionofhisstoretomakesurethateverythingisreadyforthebusinessofthedayHemustseethateverythingisrunningsmoothly.Hewillhavetogiveadviceandmakedecisionsasproblemsarise;andhemustknowhowtogethishugestafftoworkefficientlywiththeirrespectiveresponsibilities.Nomatterwhathehastodothroughouttheday,however,thesupermarketmanagermustbereadyforanyemergencythatmayarise.Theysayinthetradethatyouarenotreallyanexperiencedsupermarketmanageruntilyouhavedealtwithaflood,afire,abirthandadeathinyourstore.

　　1.Themainpurposeofthepassageistoshow______.

　　A.howthesupermarketreplacestheoldgeneralstore

　　B.howtheoldfashionedgeneralstoreisfastdisappearing

　　C.howsupermarketmanagersdealwithproblemseverymorning

　　D.howtheroleoftheshopmanagerundergoesanoverallchange

　　2.Itisapitythattherearefeweroldgeneralstoresnowbecause_______.

　　A.thereislesstradingbusiness

　　B.thereusedtobemoresocialactivitiesintheolddays

　　C.supermarketmanagershavemoreproblems

　　D.thereislesspersonalcontactbetweenmanagerandcustomer

　　3.WhoareMrs.SmithandMrs.Jonesmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

　　A.Peoplerepresentinganyoftheregularcustomersoftheoldgeneralstore.

　　B.Shopassistants.

　　C.Friendsoftheshopmanager’s.

　　D.Tworegularcustomersofthestore.

　　4.Howhasthejobofthestoremanagerchanged?

　　A.Hedoesn’tsellteaorwashingpowderanymore.

　　B.Hehasamuchlargerstafftotakecareof,tosaynothingofalltheotherdailyproblemsofrunningthestore.

　　C.Hemusttryhardtorememberthenamesoftheregularcustomers.

　　D.Hehastogiveadviceandmakedecisionseveryday.

　　5.Theauthorcomparedthesupermarketmanagerto______.

　　A.amilitaryleader

　　B.aschoolinspector

　　C.atrafficsupervisor

　　D.anorchestraconductor

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　BytheTreatyofParisof1763,whichendedthewarwiththeFrenchandtheIndians,EnglandgainedpossessionofCanadaandalltheterritoryeastoftheMississippiRiver.Frenchinfluenceonthiscontinentthuscametoanend;EnglandnowcontrolledmostofNorthAmerica.Butthewarhadbeenlongandexpensive.Englandhadmanydebts.GeorgeIII,kingofEngland,afterconsultingwithhisadvisers,decidedthattheAmericancolonistsshouldhelppaysomeoftheexpensesofthiswar.AstandingEnglisharmyof10,000menhadbeenleftinthecoloniesforprotectionagainsttheIndians.TheEnglishgovernmentalsofeltthatthecolonistsshouldshareintheexpensesofmaintainingthisarmy.TheresultwasaSeriesofmeasures,theGrenvilleProgram,passedbyParliamentanddesignedtoraisemoneyinthecolonies.Someofthesemeasureswereacceptedbythecolonists,butoneinparticular,theStampAct,wasmetwithgreatprotest.TheStampActrequiredthatstamps,ranginginpricefromafewcentstoalmostadollar,beplacedonallnewspapers,advertisements,billsofsale,wills,legalpapers,etc.TheStampActwasoneofthecausesoftheAmericanRevolution.Itaffectedeveryone,richandpooralike.Somebusinessmenfeltthattheactwouldsurelyruintheirbusinesses.

　　OfallthevoicesraisedinprotesttotheStampAct,nonehadgreatereffectthanthatofayounglawyerfromVirginia-PatrickHenry.HenryhadonlyrecentlybeenelectedtotheVirginiaAssembly.YetwhentheStampActcameupfordiscussion,heopposeditalmostsingle-handedly.Healsoexpressed,forthefirsttime,certainideasthatwereheldbymanyAmericansofthetimebutthatneverbeforehadbeenstatedsoopenly.“Islifesodearorpeacesosweet,astobeboughtatthepriceofchainsandslavery?

Forbidit,AlmightyGod!

Iknownotwhatcourseothersmaytake,butasforme,givemeliberty,orgivemedeath!

”

　　6.Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.

　　A.BritaintookoverCanadafromtheIndiansin1763

　　B.therehadbeenawarbetweentheFrenchandtheIndianswhichendedin1763

　　C.FranceusedtohavecontrolofCanadaandsomeareaseastoftheMississippiRiver

　　D.theFrenchstillkeptsomeinfluenceinNorthAmericathroughtheTreatyofParis

　　7.TheGrenvilleProgramrefersto______.

　　A.KingGeorgeIII’splantogathermoneyinNorthAmerica

　　B.theBritishgovernment’sdesiretoraisemoneyinNorthAmerica

　　C.aplantosharetheexpensesofmaintaininganarmyintheAmericancolonies

　　D.adecisionoftheBritishParliamenttocollectmoneyintheAmericancolonies

　　8.TheStampAct______.

　　A.wasanactaboutsellingstampsatpricesfromafewcentstoalmostadollar

　　B.wasoneofthecausesoftheAmericanRevolution

　　C.requiredthatallcommercialandlegaldocumentsinAmericahavestampsonthem

　　D.chieflyaffectedbusinesspeoplewhofeltitwouldruintheirbusinesses

　　9.FromthepassagewelearnthatPatrickHenry______.

　　A.hadbeenamemberoftheVirginiaAssemblyforalongtime

　　B.didn’tknowwhatcoursestotaketocompletehisstudiesasalawyer

　　C.wasalmosttheonlyonewhoopenlyprotestedagainsttheStampAct

　　D.didn’tvaluelifeorpeaceasmuchasotherpeopledid

　　10.Thispassageismainlyabout______.

　　A.oneoftheeventsleadingtotheAmericanRevolution

　　B.theTreatyofParisbetweenBritainandFrance

　　C.theGrenvilleProgramtoraisemoneyintheAmericancolonies

　　D.PatrickHenry,aherowhoopposedtheStampAct

　PassageThree

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Inthepast,Americanfamiliestendedtobequitelarge.Parentsraisingfiveormorechildrenwerecommon.Overtheyears,thesizeofthefamilyhasdecreased.Onereasonforthisisanincreaseinthecostofliving.Ontheaverage,childrenattendschoolsformoreyearsthantheyusedto,makingthemfinanciallydependentontheirfamilies.Moreover,childrennowadaysarebetterdressedandhavemoremoneytospendonentertainment.Theparentsusuallytaketheresponsibilityforalltheexpenses.Meanwhile,familiesarelessclosethantheyusedtobe.MoreandmoreAmericanmothersworkawayfromhome.

　　Thebreakupofthefamilyoccurswhentheparentsdivorce.AlotofchildrenintheU.S.livepartoftheiryoungliveswithonlyoneparent.Brokenfamiliesusuallyresultinproblemsforchildrenandparentsalike.Childrenblamethemselveswhentheirparentsseparate.Theygrowupfeelingunsettledastheyaremovedbackandforthbetweenparents.Usuallyoneparentisresponsibleforraisingthechildren.Thesesingleparentsmustcareforthechildren’semotionalandpsychologicalneedswhilealsosupportingthemfinancially.Thisisverydemandingandleavesverylittletimefortheparent’sownpersonalinterests.Singleparentsoftenmarryothersingleparents.Inthistypeoffamily,unrelatedchildrenareforcedtodevelopbrotherorsisterrelationship.

　　ThesituationsofmanyAmericanfamiliestodayarenotgood.However,recentsignsindicatethatthingsaregettingbetter.Thedivorcerateisdeclining.Therateofchildbirthisrising.PerhapsAmericanshavelearnedhowimportantfamiliesare.

　　11.Inthepast,Americanfamiliestendedtobe______.

　　A.quitesmall

　　B.medium-sized

　　C.quitelarge

　　D.small

　　12.Toparentswhotaketheresponsibilityforchildren’sexpenses,thecostoflivingincreasesbecause______.

　　A.childrenattendschoolforlessyears

　　B.childrenareworsedressed

　　C.childrenhavemoreinterestsnowadays

　　D.childrenspendmoremoneyonentertainment

　　13.Whatproblemswouldbrokenfamiliesbringtochildrenandparentsrespectively?

　　A.Childrengrowupfeelingunsettledandparentsdidn’tpaymuchattentiontochildren.

　　B.Childrengrowupfeelingfreeandoneparentisresponsibleforraisingthechildren.

　　C.Childrenaremovedbackandforthbetweenparentsandthesingleparentisbusyworkingtomakemoneytosupporthimselforherself.

　　D.Childrengrowupfeelingunsettled,andtheparentshavelittletimeforhisorherowninterestsbecauseoneparentistoobusytakingcareofchildren.

　　14.Accordingtotheauthor,thesituationsofAmericanfamiliesinthefuturemay______.

　　A.becomeworse

　　B.remainthesame

　　C.getbetter

　　D.keepunchanged

　　15.Thetitleofthearticlemightbe______.

　　A.AmericanChildren

　　B.AmericanFamilies

　　C.AmericanMother

　　D.AmericanParents

　　PassageFour

　　Questions16to20are