高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元检测新人教版选修6.docx
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高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元检测新人教版选修6
第五单元检测
（时间:
90分钟 满分:
120分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Paricutin（帕里库廷火山）wasborninMexicoinFebruary,1943.Atthattime,Paricutinwas500feethigh,anditisnowover9,000feethigh.TodayParicutinisasleep.
WhatisParicutin?
Itisthefirstvolcanointheworldwhichisseenfromitsbirthrightuptothepresentday.OnFebruary20,1943,apeasantandhiswifesetouttoworkintheircornfieldsfromtheMexicanvillageofParicutin.Theyweresurprisedtofindtheearthwarmundertheirfeet.Suddenlytheyheardanoisedeepintheearthandasmallholeappearedintheirfield.Intheafternoontherewasasuddenloudnoiseandstoneswerethrownhighintheair.Thepeasantsranawayfromthefieldandturnedbacktowatch.Theysawthebirthofavolcano.
Largequantitiesofstonesandlavabrokeoutandalittlehillbegantoform.Byeveningthishillwas100feethighandhotasheswerefallingonthevillage.Atnightthestronglightofthehotlavalitupthecountryside.Thetreesnearthevillagewerekilledandthevillagershadtoleavetheirhouses.Whenthevillagewasdestroyed,itsnamewasgiventothevolcano.ThenewsquicklyreachedMexicoCity,fartotheeast.Manypeoplecametowatchthescene.Thevolcanogrewandgrewfortenyearsandhundredsofsquaremilesofforestsweredestroyed.ThenParicutinwenttosleep.
1Whatwasdestroyedinthegrowingupofthevolcano?
A.Thelittlehillofstone.
B.Thevillagerslivingcloseby.
C.TheforestsandfieldsaroundParicutin.
D.TheMexicanpeasantandhiswife.
答案:
C
解析:
细节理解题。
从第三段中的“Thetreesnearthevillagewerekilledandthevillagershadtoleavetheirhouses.”看出,村子周围的树木和田野都被毁了。
2Inthispassagethewriteristryingto .
A.tellusaninterestinghappening
B.explainascientifictheory
C.makeusbelievesomething
D.makeupaninterestinglie
答案:
A
解析:
主旨大意题。
这是一道概括题,作者要告诉我们一个有趣的故事,一座火山竟然从脚底下冒出来。
3Whatcanwelearnaboutvolcanoesfromthispassage?
A.Newvolcanoesmayappearinplaceswherepeopledonotexpectthemtobe.
B.Volcanoesarealwaysgrowing.
C.Volcanoesareactivefromtimetotime.
D.Newvolcanoesareactiveforonlytenyears.
答案:
A
解析:
推理判断题。
从第二段中的“Theyweresurprisedtofindtheearthwarmundertheirfeet.Suddenlytheyheardanoisedeepintheearthandasmallholeappearedintheirfield.”看出火山也许在人们没有预料到的地方冒出来。
4Whatdoesthesentence“ThenParicutinwenttosleep.”mean?
A.Paricutinwastired.
B.Paricutinhasn’tsleptfortwodays.
C.Paricutincausedtoomuchdamage.
D.TheeruptionofParicutinstopped.
答案:
D
解析:
句意理解题。
帕里库廷火山的“睡眠”意指其“停止喷发了”。
B
Anannoyingproblemforhumans,wholiketoboast（夸耀）aboutallthedistantplanetsandmoonswehaveexplored,isthatwe’venevertakenagoodlookrightunderournoses.Theinsideoftheearthisrelativelyclose,buthowcanwegetthere?
Thedeepestoilwellentersonlysixmilesintothecrust（地壳）（thecenteroftheearthisabout4,000milesdeep）.RussianscientistsdugthedeepestholeinSiberia,butbottomedoutatabout7.5milesbelowthesurface.TheMoholeproject,aU.S.planinthe1950s,calledfordrillingahole25milesdowntotheboundary（分界线）betweenthehardrocksofthecrustandthesoftmantle（地幔）.Sadlytheprojectinvolvedgovernmentsupporting.
Itgetsharderandhardertodrilldeepintotheearthbecauserocksgetsofterandsofter.Hardbuteasilybrokenatthesurface,rocksbecomeplastic（可塑的）atdepth,andthepressurecausedbytheweightoftheoverlayingcrust—about52,800poundspersquareinchatadepthoftenmiles,makesfurtherdrillingimpossible.
Whatlittleweknowabouttheinsideoftheearthcomesfromindirectevidence,suchastheanalysisofearthquakes.
Somaybeit’stimeforathoroughnewmethodtoexploretheearth’sinside.ScientistDavidStevensonsaysweshouldforgetaboutdrillingholes.Instead,weshouldopenacrack（裂缝）.
Stevensonsuggestsdiggingacrackaboutahalfmilelong,ayardwide,andahalfmiledeepwithanexplosiononthescaleofanuclearbomb.Next,he’dpourafewhundredthousandtonsofmolten（熔化的）ironintothecrack,alongwitharobot.Theiron,thickerthanthesurroundingcrust,wouldmovedownwardatabout16feetpersecond,carryingtherobotwithitandopeningthecrackdeeperanddeeper.Theironmasswoulddropforaboutaweekand2,000milestotheouteredgeoftheearthcore,therobotsendingoutdatatothesurface.
Stevensoncompareshisideatospaceexploration.“We’regoingsomewherewehaven’tbeenbefore,”hesays.“Inallpossibility,therewillbesurprises.”
Thisideacanprobablybeputinthedrawermarkedwith“Isn’tGoingtoHappen”.Therobotwouldhavetosurvivetemperaturesthatwouldmeltprettymuchanything.ButStevenson’sideamayinspireanewlookatanoldproblem.Greatthingscancomefromwhatseemslikeimpossibleideas.
5Goinginsidetheearthis thangoingintospace.
A.moreinteresting B.morepossible
C.easierD.morechallenging
答案:
D
解析:
推理判断题。
从第一段的叙述看出与探索太空相比较,地下相对闭塞,更具有挑战性。
6Howdeephavewegoneintotheearthuntilnow?
A.6miles.B.4,000miles.
C.7.5miles.D.25miles.
答案:
C
解析:
细节理解题。
从第二段中的“RussianscientistsdugthedeepestholeinSiberia,butbottomedoutatabout7.5milesbelowthesurface.”看出,到目前为止,人类钻出最深的洞是7.5英里,B项是到地心的数据,D项是计划要挖的深度。
7WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDavidStevenson’sidea?
A.Itisaninspiringbutnotpracticalideanow.
B.Itisapracticalproposalthathascomeintousenow.
C.Itisagoodproposalthatwillsoonbeputintopractice.
D.Itisafalsetheorythatcannotbecarriedoutatall.
答案:
A
解析:
推理判断题。
从文章最后一段的叙述可以看出史蒂文森的观点给人启发,但是,当前实现不了。
8Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?
A.AnAnnoyingProblemforHumans
B.TotheCenteroftheEarth
C.TheMoholeProject
D.DavidStevenson’sProposal
答案:
B
解析:
主旨大意题。
全文主要讲的是怎样深入地球内部进行探索。
A项太过模糊;C、D两项文中都提到了,但不足以概括全文。
C
EveryyearthousandsoftouristsvisitPompeii,Italy.TheyseethesightsthatPompeiiisfamousfor—itsstadium（运动场）andtheatres,itsshopsandrestaurants.Thetouristsdonot,however,seePompeii’speople.TheydonotseethembecausePompeiihasnopeople.NoonehaslivedinPompeiiforalmost2,000years.
Once,Pompeiiwasabusycityof22,000people.ItlayatthefootofMountVesuvius,agrass-coveredvolcano.MountVesuviushadnoteruptedforcenturies,sothepeopleofPompeiifeltsafe.Buttheywerenot.
InAugustofAD79,MountVesuviuserupted.Theentiretopofthemountainexploded,andahugeblackcloudroseintotheair.SoonstonesandhotashesbegantofallonPompeii.Whentheeruptionendedtwodayslater,Pompeiiwasburiedunder20feetofstonesandashes.Almostallofitspeopleweredead.
Forcenturies,Pompeiilayburiedunderstoneandash.Then,intheyear1861,anItalianscientistnamedGinseppebegantouncoverPompeii.Slowly,carefully,Ginseppeandhismendug.ThecitylookedalmostthesameasithadlookedinAD79.Therewerestreetsandfountains,housesandshops.Therewasastadiumwith20,000seats.Perhapsthemostimportantofall,therewereeverydayobjects,whichtellusagreatdealaboutthepeoplewholivedinPompeii.Manyglassesandjarshadsomedarkbluecolourinthebottom,soweknowthatthepeopleofPompeiilikedwine.Theylikedbread,too;metalbreadpanswereineverybakery.Inonebakerytherewere81round,flatloavesofbread—atypeofbreadthatisstillsoldinItalytoday.Tinyboxesfilledwithadark,shinypowdertellusthatwomenlikedtoweareye-makeup.
Ginseppehasdied,buthisworkcontinues.One-fourthhasnotbeenuncoveredyet.Scientistsarestilldigging,stillmakingdiscoveriesthatdrawtouriststoPompeii.
9WhydolotsofpeoplecometoPompeiieachyear?
A.Tovisitthevolcano.
B.Toshopandeatthere.
C.Towatchsportsandplays.
D.ToseehowPompeiianslived.
答案:
D
解析:
推理判断题。
原文没有直接说出参观者到庞贝古城的目的。
通读全文可知,庞贝古城是一座被火山吞没的城市。
由于火山突然喷发,人们来不及逃避,从而保留了当时人们生活的遗迹。
所以参观者来的目的是看一看庞贝人当时是如何生活的。
10WhyhadsomanyPompeiiansremainedbyvolcanicMountVesuvius?
A.Thecitynearbyofferedallkindsoffun.
B.TheareaproducedthefinestwineinItaly.
C.Fewpeopleexpectedthevolcanotoeruptagain.
D.Themountainwasbeautifulandcoveredwithgrass.
答案:
C
解析:
细节理解题。
从第二段后两句话“MountVesuviushadnoteruptedforcenturies,sothepeopleofPompeiifeltsafe.Buttheywerenot.”可以得出结论,几乎没有人想到火山会再次喷发。
11WhydidthecityuncoveredlookalmostthesameasithadlookedinAD79?
A.BecauseGinseppeandhismendugitslowlyandcarefully.
B.Becausethecitywasburiedaliveandremaineduntouched.
C.Becausescientistssuccessfullyrebuiltthecitywitheverydayobjects.
D.Becausenobodyhadlivedinthecityeversincethevolcanoerupted.
答案:
B
解析:
推理判断题。
从第二、三两段可知,庞贝古城位于维苏威火山山脚下,但维苏威火山有多个世纪没有喷发了。
人们以为它不会再喷发,但是,在公元79年8月,火山突然喷发,整个城市被埋葬在石头和灰尘下。
由于火山突然喷发,人们在毫无准备的情况下被埋葬了,所以保留了当时全部的情景。
12WhatdoweknowaboutthePompeiianswholived2,000yearsago?
A.TheylivedmoreorlessthesameasItaliansnowdo.
B.Theylikedwomenwearingallkindsofmakeup.
C.Theyenjoyedalazylifewithdrinkingandeating.
D.TheywentbacktoPompeiiaftertheeruptioninAD79.
答案:
A
解析:
推理判断题。
从倒数第二段所述参观者看到的2000年前庞贝人生活的情景可以得出结论,他们当时的生活状况或多或少和现在的意大利人生活的状况相同。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
（导学号55580025）
（2017·全国Ⅰ高考）
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Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer. 14 Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor’sbillformyson’s
升级会员 