英语中考复习精品代词.docx
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英语中考复习精品代词
代词
(一)指示代词:
this,that,these,those.this,that一般与可数名词的单数连用,而不与不可数名词连用(但that可单独指代不可数名词)。
thatapple( √ ) thatmeat( × )
TheweatherinSichuanisnotsohotas______inGuangzhou. [that]
(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1)人称代词:
主格、宾格(作主语为主格,作宾语为宾格;介+宾格)
eg. 1)Ithankyou
2)Youthankme.
2)物主代词:
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
一变(my—mine);二留(his—his its—its)
三加s(your—yours;our—ours;her—hers;their—theirs)
用法:
有名不名,无名是名
eg.Thisis_____(我的)book.Thisbookis______(我的). [my;mine]
3)反身代词:
某某自己;亲自
单数 复数
yourself yourselves
myself ourselves
himself themselves
herself
itself
反身代词的常见搭配:
1.enjoyoneself玩得高兴;过得愉快
2.hurtoneself伤着自己
3.teachoneself=learn…byoneself自学
4.(all)byoneself(完全)独立地
5.helponeselfto 请自便;随便吃…
6.lookafteroneself 自理;照顾自己
7.leaveonebyoneself把…单独留下
8.loseoneselfin陶醉于…;沉浸于…
(三)不定代词
1)some与any
一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句、疑问句(但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some—此类句型常以could,would开头)
2) many+可数 =alotof:
许多
much+不可数
(但alotof不能用于否定句)
3)few,afew;little,alittle
表否定 表肯定
可数 few(几乎没有) afew(几个;一些)
不可数 little(几乎没有) alittle(一点儿少许)
①.Thestoryiseasytoread.Thereare____newwordsinit. [few]
②.Hurryup!
Thereis_____timeleft.[little]
4) everyone/anyone不加of
noone不加of
noneof
( )____ofuswantstoreadthebook. [B]
A.Everyone B.Everyone
C.Nobody D.Noone
5)other,another,others
单数 复数
泛指 another
三者以上的另一个 定语 主语、宾语
other some…others
特指 one…theother
一个…另一个 theothers=theother+复名(另外的人或物)
①.Westudy_____subjectsbesidesChinese.
②.MayIhave___________apple?
③.Thesecupsareclean.________aredirty.
④.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,________isblue. [other;another;others;theothers]
另外注意:
oneanother (三者以上的)相互
eachother (两者的)相互
Weshouldlearnfromeachother(说明we指两个人)
Theyhelponeanother(说明they指三个人以上)
6)二者与三者
复数 单数 单数
二者 both(都) neither(都不) either(任何一个)
三者 all(都) none(都不) any(任何一个)
注意:
①.both否定neither all否定none
②.both,all不但作主语为复数,且被修饰的词也为复数;neither,none作主语为单数,但noneof+复名,neitherof+复名
( )1.____ofmyparentsisateacher. [B]
A.None B.Neither C.Both D.All
( )2.Therearemanytreeson____sideoftheriver. [C]
A.both B.any C.either D.all
everyone/anyoneof
7) each:
(二者以上的)每个——作主、宾、定)
every:
(三者以上的)每个——只作定语)
①.____studentintheclasslikesEnglish.
②.___ofthestudentsstudiedhard.
[Every;Each]
练 习
( )1.____officeismuchsmallerthan____.
A.Ours;yoursB.Our;yoursC.Theirs;our
( )2.“Help___tosomemeat.”myunclesaidtome.
A.themselves B.yourself C.yourselves
( )3.Therearetwentyteachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachersand____arewomenteachers.
A.others B.theothers C.another
( )4.Thereisn’t____paperinthebox.Willyougoandget____forme?
A.any;some B.any;any C.some;any
( )5.Therearemanytreeson___sidesofthestreet.
A.both B.all C.each
( )6.___ofthemhasadictionaryand____oneofthemcanlookupwordsinit.
A.Each;everyB.Every;eachC.Every;every
( )7.“Whenshallwemeet,thisafternoonortonight?
”
“Idon’tmind.____timeisOK.
A.Either B.Every C.Neither
( )8.Wouldyoulike___cupoftea?
A.other B.theother C.another
( )9.Thetwofriendsweresopleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgot_____.
A.othereverything B.anythingelse
C.everythingelse.
( )10.____ofhisparentsisateacher.
A.Both B.Neither C.None
( )11.Theriverisverydirty.____peoplegotoswiminit.
A.Few B.Afew C.Little
( )12.Afriendof____cametosee____yesterday.
A.his;his B.he;him C.his;him
( )13.Youcan’tleaveyourbabyby___athome.
A.herself B.himself C.itself
( )14.Myfatherisverybusywithhiswork.Hehas___timetohavearest.
A.little B.alittle C.few
( )15.Ihavethreeskirts.Oneisred.___twoareblack.
A.another B.theother C.theothers
( )16.Jackhas___friendshere.Soheoftenfeelslonely.
A.alittle B.afew C.few
( )17.Whoteaches___French?
A.we B.our C.us
( )18.Theboyswerealltired,but___ofthemstoppedtohavearest.
A.any B.some C.none
( )19.Sorry,Ican’tansweryourquestion.Iknow____aboutthenews.
A.alittle B.little C.few
( )20.—Hello,Bill!
Help____toacake.
—Thanks.
A.your B.yourself C.yourselves
五、介词
1.in;on;at用在时间词前,表“在”
1)at+具体时刻
2)on+具体某天(具体某天的上、下午等;星期词;以及上、下午词前有修饰词时)
3)in+年、月、季节及一天中的某部分
但注意:
atnight=inthenight atnoon
atthis/thattime atChristmas
eg.1.___themorning2.___Mondaymorning
3.___arainyevening4.___3:
50 5.__2002
6.___themorningofApril10 7.___spring
8.___night 9.___thistime10.___March
另外注意:
在时间词(morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday…)前有last,next,this,that时,不再用介词.tomorrow,tonight前也不用介词。
eg.Iwillgo(A)tothecinema(B)in(C)thisevening. ______________
2.in,on,at表地点:
at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。
例如:
eg.1)Hearrived___Shanghaiyesterday.
2)Theyarrived___asmallvillagebeforedark.
3)Thereisabighole____thewall.
4)Theteacherputupapicture____thewall.
3.in,on,to表方位
in(范围内);on(范围外且接壤);to(范围外但不接壤)。
可表示为下图的位置关系
eg.1)TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.
2)HubeiisonthenorthofHunan.
3)JapanistotheeastofChina.
cross:
动词“跨过,越过”=goacross
4. across:
(表面)跨过
through:
(内部)穿过,贯穿 介词
eg.1)Canyouswim_____theriver?
2)Theroadruns__________theforest.
3)_____thebridge,you’llfindacinema.
5. in+时间段:
与将来时连用
after+时间段:
与过去时连用
但after+时间点:
可与将来时连用。
1)I’llleave_______threeo’clock..Thatis,I’llleave________abouttenminutes.
2)Theyleft_______twoweeks.
6.inthetree(外加在树上的事物)
onthetree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)
inthewall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)
7.onthewall(墙表面的事物)
1)Thereisamap___thewall
2)Therearefourwindows___thewall.
8.bybike/bus/car/ship(单数且无冠词)
但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时,则应使用相应的介词。
eg.bybike=ona(the;his)bike
bycar=ina(the;her)car
on:
在…(表面)上——接触
9. over:
在…的正上方
above:
在…的斜上方 未接触
1)Themoonrose______thehill.
2)Thereisabridge_____theriver.
3)Thereisabook______thedesk.
10.between:
在(两者)之间
among:
在(三者以上)之间
1)AbigcrowdofpeoplewerewaitingforLiLidaonthebeach.________themwerehisparents.
2)Tomsits________LucyandLily.
11.on与about:
关于
on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等
about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及
eg.Hegaveatalk____thehistoryoftheParty
12.infrontof:
在…前面/方(范围外)=before
in/atthefrontof:
在……前部(范围内)
1)Thereisabigtree_______oftheclassroom.
2)Adriverdrives_________ofthebus.
类似区别:
atthebackof与behind
13.with和in:
表示“用“
with:
指“用工具、手、口等”
in:
指“用语言、话语、声音等”
1)Pleasewritetheletter____apen.
2)Pleasespeak____aloudvoice.
14.onafarm;inafactory;thegirlinthehat;leavefor:
动身前往某地
15.一些固定搭配:
(1)介词与动词的搭配
listento,laughat,getto,lookfor;
waitfor,hearfrom,turnon,turnoff,worryabout,thinkof,lookafter,spend…on…,等。
(2)介词与名词的搭配
ontime,intime,bybus,onfoot,
withpleasure,onone’swayto,introuble,
atbreakfast,attheendof,intheend等。
(3)介词与形容词的搭配
belatefor,beafraidof,begoodat,
beinterestedin,beangrywith,
befullof,besorryfor等。
六、连词:
从属连词和并列连词
(一)从属连词:
用于连接各种从句的连词
(二)并列连词:
并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词,短语或句子。
常见的并列连词有:
1.表并列关系的and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor等。
2.表选择关系的or,either…or等。
3.表转折关系的but,while(然而)等。
4.表因果关系的for,so等。
5. and:
“和”在肯定句中表并列
or:
“和”在否定句中表并列
另外:
1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句
2)or“否则”
eg.①.Whichdoyoulikebetter,teaormilk?
②.Hurryup,oryou’llbelateforschool.
6.but“但是”表转折
eg.Ilistened,butIheardnothing.
注意:
1)though(虽然),but(但是)不能连用
2)not…but 不是…而是
eg.Thisbookisn’tminebutyours.
both…and:
既…又(连接主语为复数)
neither…nor:
既不…也不 连接两主
7. either…or:
或者…或者 语后者决
notonly…butalso:
不但…而且 定单、复
eg.1)BothheandIarestudents.
2)NeitherhenorIamastudent.
练 习
( )1.___theafternoonofMay,wevisitedtheoldman. A.On B.At C.In
( )2.Manypeoplework___thedayandsleep___night. A.on;at B.in;in C.in;at
( )3.HespeaksJapanesebest____theboystudents. A.between B.with C.among
( )4.Awolf___asheepskinisourdangerousenemy. A.with B.in C.on
( )5.Joanhopestocomeback___threedays.
A.after B.for C.in
( )6.Theysentthelettertome___mistake.
A.by B.for C.with
( )7.Helefthome___acoldwinterevening.
A.at B.on C.in
( )8.Shanghaiis____theeastofChina.
A.in B.on C.to
( )9.____myfather’shelp,Ihavefinishedmycomposition.
A.Under B.On C.with
( )10.He’sverystrict____himselfandhe’sverystrict___hiswork.
A.with;in B.in;with C.with;with
( )11.Ireallycan’tagree____you.
A.to B.on C.with
( )12.Theshopwon’topen___nineinthemorning.
A.until B.at C.during
( )13.Howabout___theflowersnow?
A.watering B.arewateringC.watered
( )14.Shespentallhismoney___books.
A.in B.with C.on
( )15.Theyaretalking___lowvoices.
A.with B.in C.on
( )16.It’sverykind___youtohelpus.
A.for B.to C.of
( )17.Whatwillyouhave___breakfastthismorning?
A.with B.for C.by
( )18.Aplaneisflying____thecity.
A.on B.over C.above
( )19.Youarefreetospeak