英语专业四级考试阅读理解冲刺题Word格式文档下载.docx
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InaninterviewwithReader’sDigest,hesaidthattheUnitedStateshas“lostitsbearings”byemphasizingindividualrightsattheexpenseofsociety.“Anethicalsociety,”hesaid,“isonewhichmatcheshumanrightswithresponsibilities.”
1.WhatcharacterizesSingapore‘sadvancementisits___.
A.computermonitoring.
B.workefficiency.
C.highproductivity.
D.valueonethics.
2.FromNixon’sperspective,Leeis___.
A.almostasgreatasChurchill.
B.notasgreatasChurchill.
C.onlysecondtoChurchillinbeingaleader.
D.justasgreatasChurchill.
3.Inthelastparagraph,“lostitsbearings”maymean___.
A.becomeimpatient.
B.failedtofindtherightposition.
C.lostitsfoundation.
D.grownband-mannered.
4.“Youcanbeanythinghere”(Paragraph5)maybeparaphrasedas___.
A.Youcanhopeforaverybrightprospect.
B.Youmaybeabletodoanythingneeded.
C.Youcanchooseanyjobasyoulike.
D.Youwillbecomeanoutstandingworker.
5.InSingapore,theconceptofefficiency___.
A.hasbeenemphasizedthroughoutthecountry.
B.hasbecomeanessentialqualityforcitizenstoaimat.
C.isbroughtforwardbythegovernmentinordertocompetewithAmerica.
D.isknownasthebasisforbuildingthe“IntelligentIsland.”
答案:
DDBAB
英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题
(2)(附答案)
Beforethemid1860’s,theimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedStateswaslimited,inthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiver,approximatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreight,mail,andpassengersovertosteamboats,wagons,andstagecoaches.Thismeantthatwagonfreighting,stagecoaching,andsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhenthefirsttrainappeared;
rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders.Eachnew“endoftrack”becameacenterforanimaldrawnorwaterbornetransportation.Themajoreffectoftherailroadwastoshortenthedistancethathadtobecoveredbytheolder,slower,andmorecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedoperatingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.Althoughoverconstantlyshrinkingroutes,andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWestwherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.Thebeginningofamajorchangewasforeshadowedinthelater1860’s,whentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegantobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPacificRailroadadvancingeastwardfromCaliforniathroughtheformidablebarrieroftheSierraNevada.AlthoughPresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedtheoriginalPacificRailroadbillin1862andarevised,financiallymuchmoregenerousversionin1864,littleconstructionwascompleteduntil1865ontheCentralPacificand1866ontheUnionPacific.TheprimaryreasonwasskepticismthataRailroadbuiltthroughsochallengingandthinlysettledastretchofdesert,mountain,andsemiaridplaincouldpayaprofit.Inthewordsofaneconomist,thiswasacaseof“prematureenterprise”,wherenotonlythecostofconstructionbutalsotheveryhighriskdeterredprivateinvestment.IndiscussingthePacificRailroadbill,thechairofthecongressionalcommitteebluntlystatedthatwithoutgovernmentsubsidynoonewouldundertakesounpromisingaventure;
yetitwasanationalnecessitytolinkEastandWesttogether.
1.Theauthorreferstotheimpactofrailroadsbeforethelate1860’sas“limited”because____
A.thetrackdidnottakethedirectroutefromonecitytothenext
B.passengersandfreighthadtotransfertoothermodesoftransportationtoreachwesterndestinations
C.passengerspreferredstagecoaches
D.railroadtravelwasquiteexpensive
2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcoachesandwagonfreightersastherailroadexpanded?
A.Theydevelopedcompetingroutes.
B.Theirdriversrefusedtoworkfortherailroads.
C.Theybegantospecializeinprivateinvestment.
D.Therewereinsufficientnumbersoftrainedpeopletooperatethem.
3.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSierraNevadainline17?
A.ToarguethatamoredirectroutetotheWestcouldhavebeentaken.
B.ToidentifyahistoricallysignificantmountainrangeintheWest.
C.Topointoutthelocationofaserioustrainaccident.
D.Togiveanexampleofanobstaclefacedbythecentralpacific.
4.Theword“subsidy”inline27isclosestinmeaningto_____。
A.persuasionB.financingC.explanationD.penalty
答案解析
1.B)根据文章前五句可知,在十九世纪六十年代晚期前铁路在美国的影响是有限的“limited”,当时铁路只从美国东部修到了美国中部,运到美国西部地区的货物只有在铁路的尽头“endoftrack”改用其他的运输方式,比如:
汽船、马车等,它们的运输效率可想而知。
故选项B为正确答案。
2.D)这是一道推论题。
可用排除法做此题。
根据文章第六行至第七行“rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders”和第十行至第十三行“Wagonfreighterscontinuedoperatingthroughoutthe1870’sand1880’sandintothe1890’s.Althoughoverconstantlyshrinkingroutes,andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWestwherevertherailshadnotyetbeenlaid.”可知随着铁路线的不断延伸,马车货运的路线日益减少,虽然马车货运经营者们继续在西部发展货运线路,但是它们只是铁路运输的补充。
因此选项A“他们发展了有竞争性的线路”可以排除。
而选项B、C文中根本没有提及。
故只有选项D为正确答案。
3.D)根据“theSierraNevada”所在句可知作者提到它是因为它是修建横跨东西铁路的一个巨大的障碍,故D为正确答案。
4.B)Subsidy意为“补助金,津贴”,与financing意义相符。
英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题(3)(附答案)
Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?
Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrowntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumbershaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.
Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidtheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywoulddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.
Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;
itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.
1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant?
A.Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.
B.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.
C.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.
D.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.
2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses____。
A.thereproductionofseacucumbers
B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers
C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers
D.threatstoseacucumbers’existence
3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber?
A.Theyare