动名词的用法与练习题Word格式文档下载.docx
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Itis…"
和"
Thereis…"
两种句式来表示。
Ittakesmetenminutestogethomefrommyoffice.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。
Itneedstimetomakethreecopiesofit.把它复制三份需要时间。
It'
snicetalkingwithyou.
和你谈话很高兴。
It'
snousearguingwithhim.
跟他争论没用。
Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.学而不实践是没好处的。
Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑。
Thereisnodenyingthatsheisveryefficient. 她效率高是不容否认的。
2、作定语
动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。
swimmingpool游泳池
readingmaterial阅读材料
walkingstick手杖
floatingneedle浮针
openingspeech开幕词
listeningaid助听器
waitingroom候车室
workingpeople劳动人民
3、作表语
动名词作表语的时候,特别要注意:
不要与正在进行时混淆。
动名词作表语,表达的是“某件事”等。
Hispart-timejobispromotingnewproductsforthecompany.(动名词)
他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。
Readingisforsurelearning,butapplyingisalsolearningtoagreaterextent.(动名词)读书当然是学习,然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。
注意:
动名词作表语,容易与现在分词作表语相混淆。
记住:
动名词表语表达的是“某件事”(与不定式短语的意义相近),而现在分词表语表示“具有某个作用”。
Thesituationisverymuchencouraging.(现在分词)形势非常令人鼓舞。
Hispresentjobisnotthatstimulatingasheexpected.(现在分词)
他现在的工作并不是那么有刺激性。
Theirplanistobuildanotherdormitoryfortheirstaffthisyear.(不定式)
他们的计划是今年再为员工们建一栋宿舍楼。
Hiswishistobecomeapilot.(不定式)
他的愿望是当飞行员。
4、作宾语。
动名词既可以作动词的宾语,也可以作介词的宾语。
Heisfondofplayingfootball.
Ilikeswimming.
①在下列动词或词组后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式:
admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,face,feellike,finish,forgive,giveup,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,putoff,resist,risk,suggest,can’thelp(情不自禁)等。
②下列动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别:
forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try。
Let’sgoonstudyingLesson6.
(让我们继续学第六课。
说明前面已学了一部分。
)
Let’sgoontostudyLesson6.
(让我们接着学第六课。
说明前面已学了第五课。
Irememberdoingtheexercise.(我记得做过练习。
Imustremembertodoit.(我必须记着做这事。
Itriednottogothere.(我设法不去那里。
Itrieddoingitagain.(我试着又干了一次。
Stopspeaking.(不要讲话。
Hestoppedtotalk.(他停下来讲话。
Imeantocomeearlytoday.(我打算今天早些来。
Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.
(误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。
③在allow,advise,forbid,permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,如果后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如:
Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.
Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.
④动词need,require,want作“需要”解,其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做,这时,动名词的主动式表示被动意义。
beworth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。
Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning/tobecleaned.
Hermethodisworthtrying.
⑤在短语devoteto,lookforwardto,stickto,tobeusedto,objectto,thankyoufor,excusemefor,be(kept)busy,havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in),haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in),there’snouse/good/need,feel/seemlike/getdownto等后的动词也必须用动名词形式,例如:
Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.
⑥在love,hate,prefer,like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。
有时用动名词作宾语时,指一般情况,而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。
⑦start,begin,continue在书面语中多后接动名词,在口语中多后接不定式。
但start和begin在下列情况下一般跟不定式作宾语:
当主语是物而不是人时;
当start或begin以-ing形式出现时,当后面作宾语的动词表示感情、思想或意念时。
Itstartedtosnow.Heisbeginningtocookdinner.Ibegantounderstandwhathemeant.
⑧在should(would)like/love等后须用不定式。
2,练习题
Ⅰ、单项选择:
1.Nooneenjoys_______at.
A.laughingB.tolaugh
C.beinglaughed D.tobelaughed
2.Youmustdosomethingtopreventyourhouse_______.
A.tobebrokenin B.frombeingbrokenin
C.tobreakin D.frombreakingin
3.Theyinsistedon_______anotherchancetotry.
A.given B.giving C.beinggiven D.tobegiven
4.---Whereismypassport?
Iremember_______ithere.
---Youshouldn'
thaveleftithere.Remember_______itwithyouallthetime.
A.toput;
totake B.putting;
taking
C.putting;
totake D.toput;
5.Hisroomneeds_______,sohemusthaveit_______.
A.painting;
painted B.painted;
painting
C.painting;
painting D.painted;
painted
6.Afterfinishinghishomeworkhewenton_______alettertohisparents.
A.write B.writing C.wrote D.towrite
7.Theyoungtreesweplantedlastweekrequire_______withgreatcare.
A.lookingafter B.tolookafter
C.tobelookedafter D.takengoodcareof
8.Only_______Englishdoesn'
tmean_______thelanguage.
A.tolearn;
tolearn
B.learning;
learning
C.learningabout;
learn
D.learningabout;
9.Shereturnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething_______.
A.missed B.tobemissing
C.missing D.tobemissed
10.Shedecidedtodevoteherself_______theproblemofoldage.
A.tostudy B.studying
C.tostudying
D.study
11.Remember_______thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.
A.puttingback
B.putback
C.toputback D.beputback
12.Assheislookingforwardto_______fromme,pleaseremember_______thisletteronyourwaytoschool.
A.hear;
post B.hearing;
topost
C.beheard;
posting D.behearing;
toposting
13.Grandmasaidthatshehadalotoftrouble_______yourhandwriting.
A.toread B.tosee C.reading D.inseeing
14.Writingstoriesandarticles_______whatIenjoymost.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
15.Weappreciate_______ustotheball.
A.themtoinvite B.toinvite
C.theirinviting D.beinginvited
16.Wouldyoumind_______quietforamoment?
I'
mtrying_______aform.
A.keeping;
fillingout
B.tokeep;
tofillout
C.keeping;
tofillout
D.tokeep;
fillingout
17.Hewasafraid_______forbeinglate.
A.ofseeing B.ofbeingseen
C.tobeseen D.tohaveseen
18.I'
dliketosuggest_______themeetingtillnextweek.
A.toputoff B.puttingoff
C.putoff D.tobeputoff
19.Idon'
tseehowIcouldpossiblymanage_______theworkwithout_______.
A.finish;
helping
B.tofinish;
beinghelped
C.finishing;
D.finishing;
20.Anythingworth_______isworthyof_______well.
A.doing;
beingdone
B.doing;
C.tobedone;
tobedone
D.tobedone;
21.Weadvisedthemtotakearest,buttheyinsisted_______thework.
A.finish B.tofinish C.infinishingD.onfinishing
22.Idelayed_______yourletterbecauseIhadbeenawayforaweek.
A.answer B.answering C.writing D.topost
23.Thethiefdroveasfastashecouldtoescape_______bythepolice.
A.tobecaught B.becaught
C.beingcaught D.catching
24.Isearchedformywalletanditwasn'
tthere.Atfirst,IthoughtI_______itathome.ThenIremembered_______itouttopayforthetaxi.
A.musthaveleft;
totake
B.mayleave;
C.mightleave;
totake
D.couldhaveleft;
25._______thenewsofhisfather'
sdeath,heburstintotears.
A.Afterhearing B.Onhearing
C.Whilehearing D.Havingheard
26.
_______hismother,thebabycouldnothelp_______.
A.Tosee;
tolaugh B.Seeing;
tolaugh
C.Seeing;
laughing D.Tosee;
laughing
27.It'
snouse_______somuchmoneyonclothes.
A.spend B.spent C.spending D.beingspent
28.Thesentenceneeds_______.
A.improve B.aimprovement
C.improvingD.improved
29.Ifhesucceeded_______ajob,hischildrenwouldn'
tbesufferingfromhunger now.
A.tofind B.tolookfor
C.infinding D.inlookingfor
30.Istillremember_______tomyhometownwhenIwasyoung.
A.taking B.taken C.beingtaken D.totake
Ⅱ、填入动词的适当形式:
1.Canyouimagineyourself_______inalonelyisland?
(stay)
2.Ican'
tunderstandyour_______atthatpoorchild.(laugh)
3.Shedidn'
tmind_______overtime.(work)
4.Tomakealiving,hetried_______,_______,andvariousotherthings,buthehadfailedinall.(write;
paint)
5.WearelookingforwardtoMary'
s_______.(come)
6.Shewaspraisedfor_______thelifeofthechild.(save)
7.Sheoughttobepraisedinsteadof_______.(criticize).
8.Isthereanypossibilityofour_______thechampionship?
(win)
9.Hecametothepartywithout_______.(invite)
Ⅲ、将下列句子译成英语:
1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2.今天去没有用,他不会在家。
3.你写完作文了吗?
4.请原谅我来晚了。
5.他不声不响地走了进来。
6.他走进来了,没有被看见。
参考答案
Ⅰ、1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.C
11.C 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.A
21.D 22.B 23.C 24.D 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.C 29.C 30.C
Ⅱ、1.staying
2.laughing
3.working
4.writing;
painting ing 6.havingsaved
7.beingcriticized 8.winning
9.beinginvited
Ⅲ、1.Myfavouritesportisswimming.
2.It'
snousegoingtheretoday.Hewon'
tbein;
(can'
tbein).
3.Haveyoufinishedwritingyourcomposition?
4.Excusemeforbeing;
(coming);
late.
5.Heenteredtheroomwithoutmakinganynoise.
6.Heenteredtheroomwithoutbeingseen.