四级真题解析Word文档格式.docx
《四级真题解析Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《四级真题解析Word文档格式.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
名词:
A）ability能力;
才能;
E）control控制;
管制;
F）damage伤害;
损害;
M）sources来源;
根源;
O）vehicles交通工具,车辆
动词:
B）associated与…相关;
联系;
E）control管理;
控制;
克制;
F）damage损害;
对……有不良影响G）described描绘,描述;
Hequals相当于;
比得上;
）innovated创新,革新;
L）relates相联系;
把…系起来;
M）sources来自……;
找出…的来源;
N）undermine逐渐削弱
形容词:
D）constant持续不断的;
始终如一的
副词:
C）consciously有意识地,自觉地;
1）exclusively仅仅,唯独;
K）regularly经常;
定期地
Millionsdieearlyfromairpollutioneachyear.Airpollutioncoststheglobaleconomymorethan$5trillionannuallyinwelfarecosts,withthemostserious26-damageoccurringinthedevelopingworld.
Thefiguresincludeanumberofcosts27-associatedwithairpollution.Lostincomealoneamountsto$225billionayear.
1.diev.死亡，熄灭;
凋零n.骰子
2.trillion[ˈtrɪljən]n.万亿;
兆adj.万亿的
3.welfare[ˈwelfeə（r）]n.福利;
幸福;
繁荣;
安宁
4.alone[əˈləʊn]adj.单独的;
独一无二的;
独自的adv.单独地;
独自地;
孤独地;
只，只有;
Thereportincludesbothindoorandoutdoorairpollution.Indoorpollution,whichincludes28-sourceslikehomeheatingandcooking,hasremained29-constantoverthepastseveraldecadesdespiteadvancesinthearea.Levelsofoutdoorpollutionhavegrownrapidlyalongwithrapidgrowthinindustryandtransportation.
5.source[sɔrs]n.根源，本源;
源头，水源;
原因v.来源;
起源;
寻求来源
6.remain[rɪˈmen]n.剩余物，残骸;
残余;
遗迹;
遗体v.留下;
保持;
依然;
搁置;
剩余，剩下;
逗留
7.constant[ˈkɒnstənt]adj.不断的，持续的;
永恒的，始终如一的;
坚定;
忠实的n.常量;
不变的事物
TheweatherisaconstanttopicofconversationinBritain.在英国，天气是交谈中永恒的话题。
8.despite[dɪˈspaɪt]prep.不管;
尽管（自己）不愿意;
不在乎;
n.侮辱;
憎恨;
怨恨;
轻蔑的拒绝或不承认例句：
Despitehislackofexperience,hegotthejob.
DirectorofInstituteforHealthMetricsandEvaluation（健康指标与评估研究所所长）ChrisMurray30-describeditasan“urgentcalltoaction”action.Oneoftheriskfactorsforprematuredeathsistheairwebreathe,overwhichindividualshavelittle31-control,”hesaid.
9.institute[ˈɪnstɪtju:
t]vt.建立;
制定;
开始;
着手n.协会;
学会;
学院;
（教育、专业等）机构
例句：
Hethoughtoftryingforapositioninaresearchinstitute.他想方设法在一个研究机关找个工作.
10.metric[ˈmetrɪk]adj.米制的，公制的healthmetrics健康指标
11.evaluate[ɪˈvæ
ljueɪt]v.评价，估价
12.urgent[ˈɜ:
dʒənt]adj.急迫的;
催促的;
强求的;
极力主张的
Thereisanurgentneedforfoodandwater
13.premature[ˈpremətʃə（r）]adj.过早的;
提前的;
早产的;
草率的
Afirecausedtheprematureclosingoftheexhibition.火灾迫使展览会提前结束.
abortion
Theeffectsofairpollutionareworstinthedevelopingworld,whereinsomeplaceslost-laborincome32-equalsnearly,1%ofGDP.Around9in10peopleinlow-andmiddle-incomecountriesliveinplaceswherethey33-regularlyexpensivedangerousleversofoutdoorairpollution.
14.labor['
leɪbə（r）]n.劳动;
劳工;
v.努力争取（for）;
苦干adj.劳工的，工会的
Buttheproblemisnotlimited34-exlcusivelytothethedevelopingworld.Thousandsdieprematurelyinthe.asaresultofrelatedillnesses.InmanyEuropeancountries,wherediesel（[ˈdi:
zl]柴油）35-vehicleshavebecomemorecommoninrecentyears,thatnumberreachestensofthousands.
petrol[ˈpetrəl]=gasoline[ˈgæ
səli:
n]
splashpetrol
Food-as-MedicineMovementIsWitnessingProgress
食物即药物运动正在取得进展
A）Severaltimesamonth,youcanfindadoctorintheaisles（aisle[aɪl]n.过道，通道;
侧廊）ofRalphsmarketinHuntingtonBeach,California,wearingawhitecoatandhelpingpeoplelearnaboutfood.Ononerecentday,thisdoctorwasDanielNadeau（丹尼尔·
那多）,wandering（wander[ˈwɒndə（r）]vt.漫步,游荡,闲逛;
（道路或河流）蜿蜒曲折;
（人的思想等）走神，胡思乱想）thecereal（[ˈsɪəriəl]n.谷物;
荞麦食品adj.谷物的）aislewithAllisonScott（艾莉森·
斯科特）,givinghersomeideaonhowtofeedkidswhopersistently（adv.坚持地;
固执地）avoidanythingthatishealthy.“Haveyouthoughtabouttryingfreshjuicesinthemorning”heasksher.“Thefrozenorangesandapplesarealittlecheaper,andfruitsarereallygoodforthebrain.Juicesarequickandeasytoprepare;
youcantakethefrozenfruitoutthenightbeforeandhaveitreadythenextmorning.”
B）Scottisdelightedtogetfoodadvicefromaphysician（[fɪˈzɪʃn]n.医生，内科医生）whoisprogramdirectorofthenearbyMaryandDickAllenDiabetesCenter（玛丽&
迪克·
艾伦糖尿病中心）,partoftheSt.JosephHoagHealthalliance（[əˈlaɪəns]n.（国家、政党等的）结盟，同盟）（圣约瑟夫·
霍格健康联盟）.Thecenter'
s‘ShopwithYourDoc’programsendsdoctorstothegrocerystoretomeetwithanypatientswhosignupfor（注册，报名参加）theservice,plusanyothershopperswhohappentobearoundwithquestions.
C）Nadeaunoticesthepre-made（预先配制,现成的）macaroni（[ˌmæ
kəˈrəʊni]通心粉）-and-cheeseboxesinScott'
sshoppingcart（[kɑ:
t]手推车）andsuggestssheswitchtowholegrain（谷物，粮食）macaroniandrealcheese.“SoI'
dhavetomakeit“sheasks,herenthusiasmfading[feɪd]v.（褪去，失去光泽;
逐渐消逝）atthethoughtofhowlongthatmighttake,justtohaveherkidsreject（[rɪˈdʒekt]vt.拒绝;
抛弃，扔掉;
排斥;
吐出或呕吐;
）it.“I’mnotsurethey’deatit.Theyjustwon'
teatit.”
D）Nadeausayssugarandprocessedfoodsarebigcontributorstotherisingdiabetesratesamongchildren.“InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood,”Nadeautellsher.“Andonly5percentofourfoodisplant-basedfood.Ithinkweshouldtrytoreverse（[rɪˈvɜ:
s]v.（使）反转;
（使）颠倒;
掉换;
撤消）that.”Scottagreestotrymorefruitjuicesforthekidsandtomakerealmacaroniandcheese.Scoreonepointforthedoctor,zerofordiabetes.
E）Nadeauispartofasmallrevolution（[ˌrevəˈlu:
ʃn]n.革命;
彻底改变）developingacrossCalifornia.Thefood-as-medicinemovementhasbeenaroundfordecades,butit'
smakingprogressasphysiciansandmedicalinstitutionsmakefoodaformalpartoftreatment,ratherthanrelyingsolely（[ˈsəʊlli]adv.唯一地;
仅仅;
独一无二地）onmedications（药物）.Byprescribingnutritional（[njʊ'
trɪʃənl]adj.营养的;
滋养的）changesorlaunchingprogramssuchas'
ShopwithYourDoc’,theyaretryingtoprevent,limitorevenreversediseasebychangingwhatpatientseat.“There’snoquestionpeoplecantakethingsalongwaytoward（可以取得很大进步）reversingdiabetes,reversinghighbloodpressure,evenpreventingcancer,byfoodchoices,”Nadeausays.
F）Inthebigpicture（从大局来看）,saysDr.RichardAfable,CEOandpresidentofSt.JosephHoagHealth,medicalinstitutions（institution[ˌɪnstɪˈtju:
ʃn]n.（大学、银行等规模大的）机构;
惯例，制度）acrossthestatearestartingtomakeaphilosophical（[ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl]adj.哲学上的）switchtobecomingahealthorganization,notjustahealthcareorganization.Thatfeelingechoes（[ˈekəʊ]n.回声，共鸣）thebeliefsoftheTherapeuticFoodPantryprogram（[ˌθerəˈpju:
tɪk][ˈpæ
ntri]治疗性食物储藏室项目）atZuckerbergSanFranciscoGeneralHospital（扎克伯格旧金山综合医院）,whichcompleteditspilotphase[feɪz]（试验阶段）andisabouttoexpandonanongoing（[ˈɒngəʊɪŋ]不断变化的）basistofiveclinic（[ˈklɪnɪk]n.诊所，门诊部）sitesthroughout（[θru:
ˈaʊt]prep.（表示时间）自始至终;
在…期间;
遍及…地域;
遍及…场所adv.处处;
始终;
在所有方面）thecity.Theprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensive（[ɪnˈtensɪv]adj.加强的，强烈的）traininginhowtocookit.“Wereallywanttolinkfoodandmedicine,andnotjustgiveawayfood,”saysDr.RitaNguyen,thehospital'
smedicaldirectorofHealthyFoodInitiatives（健康食品倡议initiative[ɪˈnɪʃətɪv]n.倡议adj.自发的）."
Wewantpeopletounderstandwhatthey’reeating,howtoprepareit,therolefoodplaysintheirlives.”
G）InSouthernCalifornia,LomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicine（洛马·
琳达大学医学院）isofferingspecializedtrainingforitsresidentphysicians（住院医师）inLifestyleMedicine--thatisaformalspecialtyinusingfoodtotreatdisease.Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases,butthatdoesnotmeanthatdietaloneisalwaysthesolution,orthateveryillnesscanbenefitsubstantially（[səbˈstæ
nʃəli]adv.本质上，实质上;
大体上;
充分地;
相当多地）fromdietary（['
daɪətərɪ]adj.饮食的例如：
dietarysupplement膳食补充品）changes.Nonetheless（adv.虽然如此）,physicianssaythattheylookatthecollectivedataandaclearpictureemerges:
thatthesalt,sugar,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothenation'
shighratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,80percentofdeathsfromheartdiseaseandstroke（[strəʊk]中风）arecausedbyhighbloodpressure,tobaccouse,elevatedcholesterol（[kəˈlestərɒl]胆固醇）andlowconsumptionoffruitsandvegetables.
H）“It'
sadifferentparadigm（[ˈpæ
rədaɪm]范式）ofhowtotreatdisease,”saysDr.BrendaRea（布伦达·
雷）,whohelpsrunthefamilyandpreventive（[prɪˈventɪv]n.预防;
防止adj.预防的）medicineresidencyprogramatLomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Thelifestylemedicinespecialtyisdesignedtotraindoctorsinhowtopreventandtreatdisease,inpart,bychangingpatients'
nutritionalhabits.ThemedicalcenterandschoolatLomaLindaalsohasafoodcupboard（[ˈkʌbəd]n.橱柜;
衣柜;
食物柜;
壁橱）andkitchenforpatients.Thisway,patientsnotonlylearnaboutwhichfoodstobuy,butalso
升级会员 