口语资料考试资料Word文档格式.docx

口语资料考试资料Word文档格式.docx

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llillustrateeachelementwithbothgoodandbadexamples.

1.Clear

Whenwritingorspeakingtosomeone,beclearaboutyourgoalormessage.Whatisyourpurposeincommunicatingwiththisperson?

Ifyou'

renotsure,thenyouraudiencewon'

tbesureeither.

Tobeclear,trytominimizethenumberofideasineachsentence.Makesurethatit'

seasyforyourreadertounderstandyourmeaning.Peopleshouldn'

thaveto"

readbetweenthelines"

andmakeassumptionsontheirowntounderstandwhatyou'

retryingtosay.

BadExample

HiJohn,

IwantedtowriteyouaquicknoteaboutDaniel,who'

sworkinginyourdepartment.He'

sagreatasset,andI'

dliketotalktoyoumoreabouthimwhenyouhavetime.

Best,

Skip

Whatisthisemailabout?

Well,we'

renotsure.First,iftherearemultipleDanielsinJohn'

sdepartment,Johnwon'

tknowwhoSkipistalkingabout.

Next,whatisDanieldoing,specifically,that'

ssogreat?

Wedon'

tknowthateither.It'

ssovaguethatJohnwilldefinitelyhavetowritebackformoreinformation.

Last,whatisthepurposeofthisemail?

DoesSkipsimplywanttohaveanidlechataboutDaniel,oristheresomemorespecificgoalhere?

There'

snosenseofpurposetothismessage,soit'

sabitconfusing.

GoodExample

Let'

sseehowwecouldchangethisemailtomakeitclear.

IwantedtowriteyouaquicknoteaboutDanielKedar,who'

sworkinginyourdepartment.Inrecentweeks,he'

shelpedtheITdepartmentthroughseveralpressingdeadlinesonhisowntime.

We'

vegotatoughupgradeprojectduetorunoverthenextthreemonths,andhisknowledgeandskillswouldproveinvaluable.Couldwepleasehavehishelpwiththiswork?

I'

dappreciatespeakingwithyouaboutthis.Whenisitbesttocallyoutodiscussthisfurther?

Bestwishes,

Thissecondmessageismuchclearer,becausethereaderhastheinformationheneedstotakeaction.

2.Concise

Whenyou'

reconciseinyourcommunication,yousticktothepointandkeepitbrief.Youraudiencedoesn'

twanttoreadsixsentenceswhenyoucouldcommunicateyourmessageinthree.

∙Arethereanyadjectivesor"

fillerwords"

thatyoucandelete?

Youcanofteneliminatewordslike"

forinstance,"

"

yousee,"

definitely,"

kindof,"

literally,"

basically,"

or"

Imean."

∙Arethereanyunnecessarysentences?

∙Haveyourepeatedthepointseveraltimes,indifferentways?

HiMatt,

IwantedtotouchbasewithyouabouttheemailmarketingcampaignwekindofsketchedoutlastThursday.Ireallythinkthatourtargetmarketisdefinitelygoingtowanttoseethecompany'

sphilanthropicefforts.Ithinkthatcouldmakeabigimpact,anditwouldstayintheirmindslongerthanasalespitch.

Forinstance,ifwetalkaboutthecompany'

seffortstobecomesustainable,aswellasthecharityworkwe'

redoinginlocalschools,thenthepeoplethatwewanttoattractaregoingtorememberourmessagelonger.Theimpactwilljustbegreater.

Whatdoyouthink?

Jessica

Thisemailistoolong!

srepetition,andthere'

splentyof"

filler"

takingupspace.

Watchwhathappenswhenwe'

reconciseandtakeoutthefillerwords:

HiMatt,

IwantedtoquicklydiscusstheemailmarketingcampaignthatweanalyzedlastThursday.Ourtargetmarketwillwanttoknowaboutthecompany'

sphilanthropicefforts,especiallyourgoalstobecomesustainableandhelplocalschools.

Thiswouldmakeafargreaterimpact,anditwouldstayintheirmindslongerthanatraditionalsalespitch.

3.Concrete

Whenyourmessageisconcrete,thenyouraudiencehasaclearpictureofwhatyou'

retellingthem.Therearedetails（butnottoomany!

）andvividfacts,andthere'

slaserlikefocus.Yourmessageissolid.

Considerthisadvertisingcopy:

TheLunchboxWizardwillsaveyoutimeeveryday.

Astatementlikethisprobablywon'

tsellmanyoftheseproducts.There'

snopassion,novividdetail,nothingthatcreatesemotion,andnothingthattellspeopleintheaudiencewhytheyshouldcare.Thismessageisn'

tconcreteenoughtomakeadifference.

Howmuchtimedoyouspendeverydaypackingyourkids'

lunches?

Nomore!

JusttakeacompleteLunchboxWizardfromyourrefrigeratoreachdaytogiveyourkidsahealthylunchANDhavemoretimetoplayorreadwiththem!

Thiscopyisbetterbecausetherearevividimages.Theaudiencecanpicturespendingqualitytimewiththeirkids–andwhatparentcouldarguewiththat?

Andmentioningthattheproductisstoredintherefrigeratorexplainshowtheideaispractical.Themessagehascomealivethroughthesedetails.

4.Correct

Whenyourcommunicationiscorrect,itfitsyouraudience.Andcorrectcommunicationisalsoerror-freecommunication.

∙Dothetechnicaltermsyouusefityouraudience'

slevelofeducationorknowledge?

∙Haveyoucheckedyourwritingforgrammaticalerrors?

Remember,spellcheckerswon'

tcatcheverything.

∙Areallnamesandtitlesspelledcorrectly?

HiDaniel,

Thankssomuchformeetingmeatlunchtoday!

Ienjoyedourconservation,andI'

mlookingforwardtomovingaheadonourproject.I'

msurethatthetwo-weakdeadlinewon'

tbeanissue.

Thanksagain,andI'

llspeaktoyousoon!

JackMiller

Ifyoureadthatexamplefast,thenyoumightnothavecaughtanyerrors.Butoncloserinspection,you'

llfindtwo.Canyouseethem?

Thefirsterroristhatthewriteraccidentallytypedconservationinsteadofconversation.Thiscommonerrorcanhappenwhenyou'

retypingtoofast.Theothererrorisusingweakinsteadofweek.

Again,spellcheckerswon'

tcatchworderrorslikethis,whichiswhyit'

ssoimportanttoproofreadeverything!

5.Coherent

Whenyourcommunicationiscoherent,it'

slogical.Allpointsareconnectedandrelevanttothemaintopic,andthetoneandflowofthetextisconsistent.

Traci,

Iwantedtowriteyouaquicknoteaboutthereportyoufinishedlastweek.IgaveittoMichelletoproof,andshewantedtomakesureyouknewaboutthedepartmentmeetingwe'

rehavingthisFriday.We'

llbecreatinganoutlineforthenewemployeehandbook.

Thanks,

Michelle

Asyoucansee,thisemaildoesn'

tcommunicateitspointverywell.WhereisMichelle'

sfeedbackonTraci'

sreport?

Shestartedtomentionit,butthenshechangedthetopictoFriday'

smeeting.

HiTraci,

Iwantedtowriteyouaquicknoteaboutthereportyoufinishedlastweek.IgaveittoMichelletoproof,andsheletmeknowthatthereareafewchangesthatyou'

llneedtomake.She'

llemailyouherdetailedcommentslaterthisafternoon.

Thanks,

Noticethatinthegoodexample,MichelledoesnotmentionFriday'

smeeting.Thisisbecausethemeetingremindershouldbeanentirelyseparateemail.Thisway,Tracicandeletethereportfeedbackemailaftershemakesherchanges,butsavetheemailaboutthemeetingasherremindertoattend.Eachemailhasonlyonemaintopic.

6.Complete

Inacompletemessage,theaudiencehaseverythingtheyneedtobeinformedand,ifapplicable,takeaction.

∙Doesyourmessageincludea"

calltoaction"

sothatyouraudienceclearlyknowswhatyouwantthemtodo?

∙Haveyouincludedallrelevantinformation–contactnames,dates,times,locations,andsoon?

Hieveryone,

Ijustwantedtosendyouallareminderaboutthemeetingwe'

rehavingtomorrow!

Seeyouthen,

Chris

Thismessageisnotcomplete,forobviousreasons.Whatmeeting?

Whenisit?

Where?

Chrishaslefthisteamwithoutthenecessaryinformation.

Ijustwantedtoremindyouabouttomorrow'

smeetingonthenewtelecommutingpolicies.Themeetingwillbeat10:

00a.m.inthesecond-levelconferenceroom.Pleaseletmeknowifyoucan'

tattend.

7.Courteous

Courteouscommunicationisfriendly,open,andhonest.Therearenohiddeninsultsorpassive-aggressivetones.Youkeepyourreader'

sviewpointinmind,andyou'

reempathetictotheirneeds.

Jeff,

IwantedtoletyouknowthatIdon'

tappreciatehowyourteamalwaysmonopolizesthediscussionatourweeklymeetings.Ihavealotofprojects,andIreallyneedtimetogetmyteam'

sprogressdiscussedaswell.Sofar,thankstoyourdepartment,Ihaven'

tbeenabletodothat.Canyoumakesuretheymaketimeformeandmyteamnextweek?

Phil

Well,that'

shardlycourteous!

Messageslikethiscanpotentiallystartofficewidefights.Andthisemaildoesnothingbutcreatebadfeelings,andlowerproductivityandmorale.Alittlebitofcourtesy,evenindifficultsituations,cangoalongway.

HiJeff,

Iwantedtowriteyouaquicknotetoaskafavor.Duringourweeklymeetings,yourteamdoesanexcellentjobofhighlightingtheirprogress.Butthisusessom