人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理文档格式.docx

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人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理文档格式.docx

【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时,常用短语onconditionthat,表示“如果;

在……条件下”;

在美国英语中,也经常用undertheconditionthat。

IwillcomeonconditionthatPeterisinvited.

Theyagreedundertheconditionthatthematterbedealtwithquickly.

3.devote

【课文原句】ShedevotedallherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.(P1)

【名师点拨】devotevt.意为“投入于;

献身”,其宾语后常与介词to搭配,to后接名词、代词或动名词。

devote…to…意为“献身;

致力于”,指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。

Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.

Thegirl,towhomhewasdevoted,diedinatrafficaccidentbychance.

Afterhehasretired,hewilldevotehimselftogardening.

4.behave

【课文原句】Janehasstudiedtheseanimalsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.(P2)

【名师点拨】behavevi&

vt.意为“举动;

举止;

行为表现”,如behavewell/badly等。

其名词形式为behaviour,指“行为;

态度;

举止”。

Theparentsencouragedthechildrentobehavewellinfrontoftheguests.

Mycamerahasbeenbehavingwellsinceitwasrepaired.

Everyonepraisesthechildren'

sgoodbehaviour.

5.worthwhile

【课文原句】Buttheeveningmakesitallworthwhile.(P2)

【名师点拨】worthwhileadj.意为“值得做的;

值得出力的”,可作表语或定语。

beworthwhiletodo/doingsth表示“值得做……”,在动词-ing形式的结构中,worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth,特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。

Ithinkteachingschoolisalwaysaworthwhilejob.

Thebookreferredtobytheprofessorisworthwhile/worthreading.

6.observe

【课文原句】Janespentmanyyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.(P2)

【名师点拨】observevt.意为“观察;

观测;

遵守”,可用observesbdosth,observe+that从句。

其名词形式为observation。

Iobservedthemanwhomurderedtheboyentertheshop.

Heobservedthatweshouldprobablyhaverain.

Mostinformationwascollectedbydirectobservationoftheanimals’behaviour.

7.argue

【课文原句】Shehasarguedforthemtobeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.(P2)

【名师点拨】argue作动词时,意为“争论;

争吵;

争辩”。

arguefor意为“为……辩护”;

arguewithsbabout/oversth指“就某事和某人争论”;

argueagainst意为“据理反对;

争辩……”。

Itisnousearguingfortheplanbecauseithasbeenrejected.

Wearealwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney. 

Fatherarguedfiercelyagainstanyincreaseinexpenditureforthechildren’sannualparty.

【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument,意为“争论;

争端;

论证”,常构成短语settleanargument指“解决争端”。

9.carefor

【课文原句】Itwasasmallbookexplaininghowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabiesbyfollowingsomerulesforkeepingbabiescleanandhealthy.(P6)

【名师点拨】carefor可以表示lookafter的意思,意为“照顾;

照料”,且较正式;

也可表示“喜欢”的意思。

Hissoncaredforhimwhenhewasill.

Infact,Idon’treallycareforbasketball.

另外,在上面的句子中,explain意为“解释,说明”,后可接名词、代词、从句或wh+todo作宾语,可用explainsthtosb或explaintosbsth。

Willyouexplaintoushowwecanfinishtheworkassoonaspossible?

【知识拓展】careabout意为“介意;

在乎”,表示是否认为某事是重要的,某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。

最常用于疑问句或否定句中。

about用在宾语前面,但是在连词前面一般省掉。

Idon’tcareaboutyouropinion.

Idon’tcarewhetheritrains—I’mhappy.

10.intend

【课文原句】Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealisedthatitwasintendedforwomenwholivedinthecountryside.(P6)

【名师点拨】intendv.意为“打算;

计划;

想要”。

intendtodosth意为“想干某事”;

intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。

intendfor表示“原打算给某人;

准备让……干……”。

Iintendedtocometoyourhouselastnightbutitrained.

Iintendcoming/tocomebacksoon.

Hehadn’treallyintendedthattheyshouldbethere.

Thisgiftisintendedforyou.

热点语法

主谓一致用法难点小结:

一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。

1.集合名词有family,team,group,party,class,public,club,crew,crowd,enemy,audience,company,committee,government,population等,当被看作一个整体时,表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式;

如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员,表示复数意义,谓语动词则用复数形式。

即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。

Myclassisabigone,includingthirtyboysandthirtygirls.

Myclassareworkinghardforthecomingexam.

2.有些集合名词作主语时,谓语只能用复数形式,如:

people,thepolice,themilitary,mankind,cattle等。

Thepolicearesearchingforthelostchild.

二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。

不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,noone,nobody,nothing,each,theother等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Everythinggoeswellwithme.

EachofthestudentsinourclasshasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

三、“名词+名词”作主语时的主谓一致。

当表示同一人物或观点时,谓语动词用单数。

Anovelistandplaywrightiscomingtoourschool.这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”,是同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数。

如果是Anovelistandaplaywright作主语,这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”,是两个人,所以谓语动词用复数,该句应改为:

Anovelistandaplaywrightarecomingtoourschool.

四、The+adj.作主语时的主谓一致。

当The+adj.表示抽象的含义时,谓语动词用单数。

Thebeautifulisthetrue.

当The+adj.表示该类全体的含义时,谓语动词用复数。

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.

必修4Unit2Workingtheland知识点讲解

Unit2Workingtheland

PhrasesandIdioms

1.besatisfied(with):

pleasedbecauseyouhavegotwhatyouwant 

1) 

Janeisn'

tquitesatisfiedwiththewaythebarbercutherhair.

2) 

Ifyouarenotcompletelysatisfied,youcangetyourmoneyback.

3) 

Iamnotreallysatisfiedwiththejobyoudid.

2.referto:

a) 

mentionorspeakaboutsomeoneorsomething 

b) 

tolookatahookmap,pieceofpaper,etc,forinformation

Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.

Althoughshedidn'

tmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhoshewas 

referringto.

Hegavethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotesevenonce.

3.wouldrather:

usedtosaywhatsomeoneprefers 

1)Itseemsyouwouldratherplaythanwork.

2)Shewouldratherdiethanlosethechildren.

Iwouldratherstarvethanbedependentonanyoneagain.

4.thankstosb/sth:

becauseofsb./sth.

Iwaslatethankstotheheavytraffic.

ItwasthankstohisadvicethatIsucceeded.

We'

vecollected$50,000forthepoor,thankstothegenerosityofthepublic.

5. 

ridofsb/sth:

becomefreeof

Willscience-finallyridusofthisdisease?

Doyouthinkitpossibletoridtheworldofnuclearweapons?

Byworkingharddayandnight,sheistryingtoridherselfoflonelinessandsadness.

6.leada...life:

liveinthewaywhatyoulifeislike 

Beforeliberation,mygrandpaledadog'

slife.

Iftheoperationsucceeds,thepatientwillbeabletoleadanormallife.

Mrs.Blackisretiredandleadsaquietandpeacefullifeinamountainvillage.

7.careabout:

love;

beinterestedin;

beconcernedwith

Justlisteningtosomebodyshowsyoucareaboutthem.

Yourparentsareonlydoingthisbecausetheycareaboutyou.

Theonlythingthisrich-andgreedymanseemstocareaboutismoney.

8. 

insistonsth/doingsth:

todemandthatsomethingmustbedoneorthatyoumusthaveaparticularthing 

Theschoolinsistsongoodbehaviourfromitsstudents.

Johninsistedondoingalltheworkhimself,thoughhewasinpoorhealth.

TheoldmaninsistedonhelpingmefindataxieventhoughItoldhimIdidn'

tneedanyhelp.

必修4Unit3Atasteofhumor知识点讲解

Unit3重点汇集

1.content

【课文原句】Perhapsitmakesusfeelmorecontentwithourlifebecausewefeelthereissomeoneelseworseoffthanourselves.(P17)

【名师点拨】contentadj.意为“满足的;

满意的”,becontenttodo意为“乐意去做某事”;

becontentwithsb/sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”,相当于bepleasedwith或besatisfiedwith。

I’mcontenttohelpyoutosetupawebsiteontheInternet.

Thosewhoarenotcontentwiththeprogresstheyhavemadewillhavegreatersuccess.

注:

worseoff是badlyoff的比较级,意思是“境况比……更差”;

betteroff意为“境况比……好”。

Tomysurprise,Ifoundhislivingconditionsweremuchworseoffthanmine.

Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,moreandmorepeoplearebetteroff.

【知识拓展】content还可作动词,意为“使满足”;

作名词时,表示“满足;

心满意足”,也可表示“(书、报纸等的)内容;

目录;

含量”。

Myexplanationseemedtocontenthim.

Nowshebegantoliveinpeaceandcontent.

vediscussedtheunusualformofthebook—now,whataboutthecontent?

2.astonish

【课文原句】However,someactorscanastonishuswiththedeepfeelingstheycaninspireinusforacharactertheyareplaying.(P17)

【名师点拨】astonishvt.意为“使大为吃惊;

使惊异”,比surprise程度强,比shock程度弱。

Iwasastonishedtohearthattheprofessorhadbrokendownbecauseofhishardwork.

Iwasastonishedbyhowmuchshe'

dgrown.

【知识拓展】

(1)astonishingadj.意为“令人惊异的”。

Theastonishingnewsmadetheworldastonished,andagreatmanypeopleexpressedtheiropinionsontheInternet.

(2)astonishedadj.指(某人)处于惊异、吃惊状况,常用beastonishedatsth。

HewasastonishedatwhatTomhadsaidanddone.

(3)astonishmentn.意为“惊讶”,可用toone’sastonishment表示“使某人吃惊的是”。

Tomyastonishment,shestillrememberedmybirthday.

3.particular

【课文原句】Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.(P17)

【名师点拨】particularadj.意为“专指的;

特别的;

格外的;

不寻常的”。

beparticularabout/oversth意为“对某事很讲究/很挑剔”。

inparticular意为“特别地”。

Therewasnothinginthenewspaperofparticularimportance.

I'

mnotparticularaboutmyclothes;

Idon'

tmindwhatIwear.

Hetalkedabouttheballgamesingeneralandtalkedaboutfootballinparticular.

Whatinparticulardidyoulikeaboutthelastapartmentthatwesaw?

4.worn-out

【课文原句】Heplayedapoorandhomelessperson,whoworelargetrousers,worn-outshoesandasmallroundblackhatandcarriedawalkingstick.(P18)

【名师点拨】worn-outadj.

(1)意为“磨损的;

损坏的;

穿破的(用坏的以至完全无用的)”。

Sinceyourshoesareworn-out,

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