人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理文档格式.docx
《人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理文档格式.docx(16页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时,常用短语onconditionthat,表示“如果;
在……条件下”;
在美国英语中,也经常用undertheconditionthat。
IwillcomeonconditionthatPeterisinvited.
Theyagreedundertheconditionthatthematterbedealtwithquickly.
3.devote
【课文原句】ShedevotedallherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.(P1)
【名师点拨】devotevt.意为“投入于;
献身”,其宾语后常与介词to搭配,to后接名词、代词或动名词。
devote…to…意为“献身;
致力于”,指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。
Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.
Thegirl,towhomhewasdevoted,diedinatrafficaccidentbychance.
Afterhehasretired,hewilldevotehimselftogardening.
4.behave
【课文原句】Janehasstudiedtheseanimalsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.(P2)
【名师点拨】behavevi&
vt.意为“举动;
举止;
行为表现”,如behavewell/badly等。
其名词形式为behaviour,指“行为;
态度;
举止”。
Theparentsencouragedthechildrentobehavewellinfrontoftheguests.
Mycamerahasbeenbehavingwellsinceitwasrepaired.
Everyonepraisesthechildren'
sgoodbehaviour.
5.worthwhile
【课文原句】Buttheeveningmakesitallworthwhile.(P2)
【名师点拨】worthwhileadj.意为“值得做的;
值得出力的”,可作表语或定语。
beworthwhiletodo/doingsth表示“值得做……”,在动词-ing形式的结构中,worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth,特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。
Ithinkteachingschoolisalwaysaworthwhilejob.
Thebookreferredtobytheprofessorisworthwhile/worthreading.
6.observe
【课文原句】Janespentmanyyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.(P2)
【名师点拨】observevt.意为“观察;
观测;
遵守”,可用observesbdosth,observe+that从句。
其名词形式为observation。
Iobservedthemanwhomurderedtheboyentertheshop.
Heobservedthatweshouldprobablyhaverain.
Mostinformationwascollectedbydirectobservationoftheanimals’behaviour.
7.argue
【课文原句】Shehasarguedforthemtobeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.(P2)
【名师点拨】argue作动词时,意为“争论;
争吵;
争辩”。
arguefor意为“为……辩护”;
arguewithsbabout/oversth指“就某事和某人争论”;
argueagainst意为“据理反对;
争辩……”。
Itisnousearguingfortheplanbecauseithasbeenrejected.
Wearealwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.
Fatherarguedfiercelyagainstanyincreaseinexpenditureforthechildren’sannualparty.
【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument,意为“争论;
争端;
论证”,常构成短语settleanargument指“解决争端”。
9.carefor
【课文原句】Itwasasmallbookexplaininghowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabiesbyfollowingsomerulesforkeepingbabiescleanandhealthy.(P6)
【名师点拨】carefor可以表示lookafter的意思,意为“照顾;
照料”,且较正式;
也可表示“喜欢”的意思。
Hissoncaredforhimwhenhewasill.
Infact,Idon’treallycareforbasketball.
另外,在上面的句子中,explain意为“解释,说明”,后可接名词、代词、从句或wh+todo作宾语,可用explainsthtosb或explaintosbsth。
Willyouexplaintoushowwecanfinishtheworkassoonaspossible?
【知识拓展】careabout意为“介意;
在乎”,表示是否认为某事是重要的,某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。
最常用于疑问句或否定句中。
about用在宾语前面,但是在连词前面一般省掉。
Idon’tcareaboutyouropinion.
Idon’tcarewhetheritrains—I’mhappy.
10.intend
【课文原句】Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealisedthatitwasintendedforwomenwholivedinthecountryside.(P6)
【名师点拨】intendv.意为“打算;
计划;
想要”。
intendtodosth意为“想干某事”;
intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。
intendfor表示“原打算给某人;
准备让……干……”。
Iintendedtocometoyourhouselastnightbutitrained.
Iintendcoming/tocomebacksoon.
Hehadn’treallyintendedthattheyshouldbethere.
Thisgiftisintendedforyou.
热点语法
主谓一致用法难点小结:
一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。
1.集合名词有family,team,group,party,class,public,club,crew,crowd,enemy,audience,company,committee,government,population等,当被看作一个整体时,表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式;
如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员,表示复数意义,谓语动词则用复数形式。
即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。
Myclassisabigone,includingthirtyboysandthirtygirls.
Myclassareworkinghardforthecomingexam.
2.有些集合名词作主语时,谓语只能用复数形式,如:
people,thepolice,themilitary,mankind,cattle等。
Thepolicearesearchingforthelostchild.
二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。
不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,noone,nobody,nothing,each,theother等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Everythinggoeswellwithme.
EachofthestudentsinourclasshasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.
三、“名词+名词”作主语时的主谓一致。
当表示同一人物或观点时,谓语动词用单数。
Anovelistandplaywrightiscomingtoourschool.这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”,是同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数。
如果是Anovelistandaplaywright作主语,这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”,是两个人,所以谓语动词用复数,该句应改为:
Anovelistandaplaywrightarecomingtoourschool.
四、The+adj.作主语时的主谓一致。
当The+adj.表示抽象的含义时,谓语动词用单数。
Thebeautifulisthetrue.
当The+adj.表示该类全体的含义时,谓语动词用复数。
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.
必修4Unit2Workingtheland知识点讲解
Unit2Workingtheland
PhrasesandIdioms
1.besatisfied(with):
pleasedbecauseyouhavegotwhatyouwant
1)
Janeisn'
tquitesatisfiedwiththewaythebarbercutherhair.
2)
Ifyouarenotcompletelysatisfied,youcangetyourmoneyback.
3)
Iamnotreallysatisfiedwiththejobyoudid.
2.referto:
a)
mentionorspeakaboutsomeoneorsomething
b)
tolookatahookmap,pieceofpaper,etc,forinformation
Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.
Althoughshedidn'
tmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhoshewas
referringto.
Hegavethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotesevenonce.
3.wouldrather:
usedtosaywhatsomeoneprefers
1)Itseemsyouwouldratherplaythanwork.
2)Shewouldratherdiethanlosethechildren.
Iwouldratherstarvethanbedependentonanyoneagain.
4.thankstosb/sth:
becauseofsb./sth.
Iwaslatethankstotheheavytraffic.
ItwasthankstohisadvicethatIsucceeded.
We'
vecollected$50,000forthepoor,thankstothegenerosityofthepublic.
5.
ridofsb/sth:
becomefreeof
Willscience-finallyridusofthisdisease?
Doyouthinkitpossibletoridtheworldofnuclearweapons?
Byworkingharddayandnight,sheistryingtoridherselfoflonelinessandsadness.
6.leada...life:
liveinthewaywhatyoulifeislike
Beforeliberation,mygrandpaledadog'
slife.
Iftheoperationsucceeds,thepatientwillbeabletoleadanormallife.
Mrs.Blackisretiredandleadsaquietandpeacefullifeinamountainvillage.
7.careabout:
love;
beinterestedin;
beconcernedwith
Justlisteningtosomebodyshowsyoucareaboutthem.
Yourparentsareonlydoingthisbecausetheycareaboutyou.
Theonlythingthisrich-andgreedymanseemstocareaboutismoney.
8.
insistonsth/doingsth:
todemandthatsomethingmustbedoneorthatyoumusthaveaparticularthing
Theschoolinsistsongoodbehaviourfromitsstudents.
Johninsistedondoingalltheworkhimself,thoughhewasinpoorhealth.
TheoldmaninsistedonhelpingmefindataxieventhoughItoldhimIdidn'
tneedanyhelp.
必修4Unit3Atasteofhumor知识点讲解
Unit3重点汇集
1.content
【课文原句】Perhapsitmakesusfeelmorecontentwithourlifebecausewefeelthereissomeoneelseworseoffthanourselves.(P17)
【名师点拨】contentadj.意为“满足的;
满意的”,becontenttodo意为“乐意去做某事”;
becontentwithsb/sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”,相当于bepleasedwith或besatisfiedwith。
I’mcontenttohelpyoutosetupawebsiteontheInternet.
Thosewhoarenotcontentwiththeprogresstheyhavemadewillhavegreatersuccess.
注:
worseoff是badlyoff的比较级,意思是“境况比……更差”;
betteroff意为“境况比……好”。
Tomysurprise,Ifoundhislivingconditionsweremuchworseoffthanmine.
Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,moreandmorepeoplearebetteroff.
【知识拓展】content还可作动词,意为“使满足”;
作名词时,表示“满足;
心满意足”,也可表示“(书、报纸等的)内容;
目录;
含量”。
Myexplanationseemedtocontenthim.
Nowshebegantoliveinpeaceandcontent.
vediscussedtheunusualformofthebook—now,whataboutthecontent?
2.astonish
【课文原句】However,someactorscanastonishuswiththedeepfeelingstheycaninspireinusforacharactertheyareplaying.(P17)
【名师点拨】astonishvt.意为“使大为吃惊;
使惊异”,比surprise程度强,比shock程度弱。
Iwasastonishedtohearthattheprofessorhadbrokendownbecauseofhishardwork.
Iwasastonishedbyhowmuchshe'
dgrown.
【知识拓展】
(1)astonishingadj.意为“令人惊异的”。
Theastonishingnewsmadetheworldastonished,andagreatmanypeopleexpressedtheiropinionsontheInternet.
(2)astonishedadj.指(某人)处于惊异、吃惊状况,常用beastonishedatsth。
HewasastonishedatwhatTomhadsaidanddone.
(3)astonishmentn.意为“惊讶”,可用toone’sastonishment表示“使某人吃惊的是”。
Tomyastonishment,shestillrememberedmybirthday.
3.particular
【课文原句】Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.(P17)
【名师点拨】particularadj.意为“专指的;
特别的;
格外的;
不寻常的”。
beparticularabout/oversth意为“对某事很讲究/很挑剔”。
inparticular意为“特别地”。
Therewasnothinginthenewspaperofparticularimportance.
I'
mnotparticularaboutmyclothes;
Idon'
tmindwhatIwear.
Hetalkedabouttheballgamesingeneralandtalkedaboutfootballinparticular.
Whatinparticulardidyoulikeaboutthelastapartmentthatwesaw?
4.worn-out
【课文原句】Heplayedapoorandhomelessperson,whoworelargetrousers,worn-outshoesandasmallroundblackhatandcarriedawalkingstick.(P18)
【名师点拨】worn-outadj.
(1)意为“磨损的;
损坏的;
穿破的(用坏的以至完全无用的)”。
Sinceyourshoesareworn-out,