英语语法专项训练复合句讲解复习教案设计正本文档格式.docx
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1.时间状语从句;
2.地点状语从句;
3.原因状语从句;
4.结果状语从句;
5.目的状语从句;
6.条件状语从句;
7.让步状语从句。
过程与方法
任务型教学法
教学重、难点
宾语从句,定语从句,状语从句
教学方法
讲练结合;
点拨式方法;
学生主讲,老师纠正并总结和归纳
教学步骤(包括引入新课,新课讲授,课堂练习,小结作业布置。
)
2、宾语从句:
1、宾语从句的引导词有三种:
1)that;
2)whether/if;
3)特殊疑问词What/when/where/who等。
Hesaidthathecouldhelpme.
Yourmotheraskedifyoucouldfinishyourworkthisweek.
Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin?
(1)that引导的宾语从句:
that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。
Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.他说他会准时来的。
(2)whether或if引导的宾语从句:
从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。
Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.
Idon’tcarewhetheryoulikethestoryornot.
注意:
以下情况一般只用whether不用if。
①接带to的动词不定式。
Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogotothezoo.她不知道是不是去动物园。
②与ornot连用时。
I’mnotsurewhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否准时来,我说不准。
(3)疑问词引导的宾语从句:
此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序,由wh-开头的疑问词引导。
wh-词包括who,whom,whose,what,which等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。
例如:
Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?
Hedidn’ttellmehowlonghewouldstayhere.
2、宾语从句的三个注意事项
1)语序:
宾语从句要用陈述语序,原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。
把2个简单句合成一个复合句:
Wheredoesyourfatherwork?
Canyoutellus?
→
____________________________________________________
Didyougethomeverylate?
Heaskedme.→
__________________________________________________
2)时态:
如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。
Myteachersayshewillbebackinaweek.
Myteachersayshehasseenthemovie.
如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句用相应的过去时态。
MyfathersaidhewaswatchingTVatthattime.
Myfathersaidthehehadalreadyseenthemovie.
如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时,用一般现在时。
Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.
我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。
3)否定转移:
主句的主语如果是第一人称,从句的否定要转移到主句中,其反意疑问句与从句一致。
Idon’tthinkthey’llwaittothelastminute.
Idon’tbelievehedidthis,didhe?
1.先行词在定语从句中做什么成分。
(先行词是“theman”,在从句中作主语,用who/that)
(先行词是物,用which/that,在从句中作主语)
Thisisthebook(which/that)youwanted.
(先行词是物,用which/that,在从句中作宾语,可省)
(先行词是人,whose代表“男孩的”,在从句中作定语)(先行词是地点,where相当于athome,在从句中作地点状语)
Doyouremembertheyearwhenwewerehungryeveryday?
(先行词是时间,when相当于intheyear,在从句中作时间状语)Doyouknowthereasonwhyshedidn’tcometoourparty?
(先行词是原因,why相当于forthereason,在从句中作原因状语)
2.引导词作宾语时可以省略。
Haveyouseenthebook(that)Igaveyouyesterday?
3.引导词在定语从句中作主语,不能省略。
Doyouknowthemanwhoisspeakingtoyourfather?
4、状语从句:
1.时间状语从句:
时间状语从句表示时间,常用连接词有:
when(当…时),while(当…时),as(当…时),before(在…之前),after(在…之后),since(自从),until(直到),assoonas(一…就),once(一旦…就)等。
Eg:
Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.
IcanlistentotheradiowhileIwork.
①时间状语从句中,要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Iwilltelephoneyouwhenhecomes.
I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.
②when引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生,从句的谓语可
HewasworkingwhenIwentin.
Whensheheardthenews,shebegantocry.
while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词,意为“在…期间”。
Eg:
Theyrushedinwhileweweresinging.我们唱歌时,他们冲进来。
as引导状语从句,强调同时发生,不分先后。
可以译成“随着”或“一边…一边”。
Johnsingsashewalkshome.
③while还可以表示两者之间的对比关系。
Ilikeplayingfootball,whileTomlikeslisteningtomusic.
④since引导状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
WehavebeenfriendssincewemetinBeijing.
Ithasbeensixyearssincesheleftschool.
2.地点状语从句:
地点状语从句表示地点。
其连接词有where(哪里),wherever(无论哪里)等。
Putitwhereyoufindit.
Youcansitwhereveryoulike.
3.原因状语从句:
原因状语从句表示原因或者理由。
其连接词有:
because(因为),as(因为),since(既然)等。
Iofteneatcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodformyhealth.
AsIdon’tknowtheway,Ihadtoaskthepoliceman.
①because表示因果关系语气最强,常用来回答why提出的问题。
Ididn’ttellthembecausetheyweretooyoung.
②because和so不能同在一个句子里。
Becausethebookwasexpensive,Ididn’tbuyit.(I前不用so)
4.结果状语从句:
表示结果。
so…that…(如此……以致……),sothat(结果),such…that…(如此……以致……)等。
It’ssuchagoodchancethatyoucan’tmissit.
so…that和such…that都可以引导结果状语从句,注意so和such后面所接的词不同。
①such...that
Hewassuchanhonestmanthathewaspraisedbytheteacher.
TheyaresuchinterestingnovelsthatIwanttoreadthemonceagain.
②但是如果名词前由many、much、few、little(少)等词修饰,则用so。
Hehadsomanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.③so...that
Herunssofastthatnobodycancatchupwithhim.
Dr.Wangissogoodthateverybodylovesandrespectshim.
5.目的状语从句:
表示目的。
so(以便),sothat(为了),inorderthat(为了)等,从句中多用情态动词can,will,may,should等。
Hegotupveryearlysothathecouldcatchthefirsttrain.
6.条件状语从句:
条件状语从句表示条件。
if(如果),unless(如果不,除非),aslongas(只要)等。
Ifitisfinetomorrow,wewillgoswimming.如果明天天气好的话我们去游泳。
①条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.如果不下雨,比赛就将进行。
②unless意思相当于if…not…。
7.让步状语从句:
常由though/although(虽然),evenif/though(即使)等引导。
Thoughit’shardwork,Ienjoyit.
1.Idon’tknowifyoucometomypartytomorrow.
2.CanyoutellmewheredoeshestudyEnglish?
3.Myteachertoldmethatlighttraveledfasterthanthesound.
4.Theyarethepeopleandbookswhoyouwanttolearn.
5.Hegottoschoolearlyifhecouldcleantheclassroom.
1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?
A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyit
C.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit
2.Ican'
tforgetthetime________theearthquakehappenedinYushu.
A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where
3.Ifthechild_______,pleasetelephonethepolice.
A.foundB.isfoundC.wasfoundD.hasfound
4.Ihurried_______Iwouldn'
tbelateforclass.
A.soB.sothatC.ifD.unless
5.Thisismybeautifulschool________isnearthefamouslibrary.
A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who
7.—Doesanyoneknow________?
—IhearthathewasborninSweden.
A.whatheisB.whenhewasborn
C.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom
8.Idon'
tknowifJack________.Ifhe________,callme,please.
A.willcome;
willcomesB.comes;
come
C.comes;
willcomeD.willcome;
comes
9.TheTVplayisaboutatruestory________happenedinMianyangin1998.
A.itB.whatC.thatD.when
10.Friendsarethose________makeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyou
A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergone
C.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen
11.We______TVwhenthetelephone________.
A.watched,wasringingB.werewatching,rang
C.werewatching,ringsD.arewatching,rang
12.Doyoulikemusic______makesyourelaxed?
A.itB.whatC.who
13.—Doyouknow________theMP4yesterday?
—Sorry.I'
venoideaaboutit.
A.howmuchdidhepayforB.howmuchhepaidfor
C.hepaidforhowmuchD.hepaidhowmuchfor
14.Isthattheman________helpedusalotaftertheearthquake?
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.who
15.Hemetmanyproblems________hewasgoingoverhislessons.
A.beforeB.assoonasC.sinceD.while
16.Idon'
tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecome
C.ifhecomesD.whetherhe'
llcome
17.________wellyoudrive,youmustdrivecarefully.
A.NomatterwhereB.Inorderthat
C.NomatterhowD.Assoonas
18.Wehavetogetupat7:
15tomorrowmorning,________wewillbelateforthe7:
40train.
A.beforeB.orC.ifD.so
19.Doyouknowwhattime_________?
A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleave
C.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves
20.Idon'
tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please?
A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayers
C.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare
21.Sorry,wedon'
thavethecoat________youneed.
A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which
22.It'
saseriousproblem.Wecan'
tdecide_____Mr.Harriscomesback.
A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.so
23.It'
ssnowingoutside!
Putonmoreclothes,________youmaycatchacold.
A.andB.butC.orD.though
24.Thepolicemanaskedme________atthistimeyesterday.
A.whatwasIdoingB.whatdidIdo
C.whatIwasdoingD.whatIdo
25.______Chinaisgrowingstrongerandstronger,Chineseistaughtinmoreandmorecountries.
A.IfB.UnlessC.AsD.Although
26.—Tommy,doyouknowifFrank_______tothetheatrewithusthisSundayifit________?
—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.D.that
A.willgo;
isfineB.goes;
isfine
C.willgo;
isgoingtobefineD.goes;
willbefine
27.Couldyouringmeupassoonashe______?
A.arrivedB.wouldarriveC.arrivesD.willarrive
28.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.
A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay
29.Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.
A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelled
30.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?
---Oh!
It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.
A.heB.thatC.whomD.which
31.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.
A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where
32.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.
A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom
33.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.
A.whoB.whomC.heD.which
A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which
35.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’t