高中英语句子成分基本句型课件公开课.ppt

高中英语句子成分基本句型课件公开课.ppt

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句子成分及句型,句子分类,简单句,复合句,并列复合句,主从复合句,有两个或两个以上的简单句用连词连接而成。

如：

and,but,or,so等,定语从句,状语从句,名词性从句,由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）组成的句子.eg:

TomandMikeareAmericanboys.,Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthenewspaper.,由主句和从句构成，且主从句分别有主谓结构。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

一:

（主谓）二:

（主系表）三:

（主谓宾）四:

（主谓间宾直宾）五:

（主谓宾宾补）,*句子成分由词或词组充当,英语的基本成分有七种：

_和_,主语（subject）、,谓语（predicate）、,表语（predicative）、,宾语（object）、,定语（attribute）、,状语（adverbial）,补语（complement）,主语subject,Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.,主语:

可以作主语的成分有名词,主格代词,动词不定式,动名词等等。

主语一般在句首。

名词,主格代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,the+形容词,句子,Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.3.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.4.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.5.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.,

（一）挑出下列句中的主语,谓语predicate,谓语:

简单谓语由动词或动词词组构成,是完整的时态和语态。

一般在主语之后。

Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?

Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shehasfinishedthehomework.,.,2.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime3.IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor1oyears.4.Heshouldtellmethetruth.5.Mybrotherdoesntlikestudy.6.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.,

（二）挑出下列句中谓语,Ilikemyjob.Iloveyou.,Hewantedtoleavehere.Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.Heaskedwherehewas.,（三）宾语object,宾语：

动作的接受者，一般在谓语后面.由名词,代词,介词短语,非谓语及从句充当。

宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Hegavemesomebooks.,间接宾语,直接宾语,Pleasepassmethebook.Heboughtmesomeflowers.,（三）挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?

Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.,（四）宾语补足语objectcomplement,宾语补足语:

位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。

Ifoundthebookinteresting.DoyouhearTomsinging?

Hemadehimselfunderstood.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Pleasekeepthedogout.Wemustkeepitasecret.,形容词,现在分词,过去分词,动词不定式,介词短语,副词,名词,（四）挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.,（五）定语（Attributive）:

定语的作用？

用于修饰、限定名词或代词。

定语一般由？

充当。

girl定语还可以由名词充当，表用途。

apencilbox,形容词,beautiful,a,定语（Attributive）:

定语也可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。

ThosewhowanttolearnEnglishwellshouldstudyharderthanothers.aninterestingbookameetingtoattend定语也可以由介词（词组）充当。

Thebooksontheshelf,（五）挑出下列句中的定语1.Whatisyourgivenname?

2.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.3.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.4.Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!

（六）状语adverbial,用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.Hegotupsolatethathemissedthetrain.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.,（六）挑出下列句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravelingtoofast.,Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.Whowasthefirst?

Heisoutofcondition.ThebookiswhatIneed.Theappletastesgood.,（七）表语predicative,（七）表语,在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有:

be动词（am,is,are）感官系动词feel,smell,sound,taste,look变化系动词become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come状态系动词seem,keep,remain,stay,appear.,（七）挑出下列句中的表语-Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.-Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.-SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.,八、同位语appositive,同位语当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分用来说明和解释另一个句子成分,这个句子成分就叫做它的同位语。

Westudentsshouldstudyhard.（students是we的同位语,都指同一批“学生”）Weallarestudents.（all是we的同位语,都指同样的“我们”）,牛刀小试,a.b.c.d.e.,1.Pleastellusastory._2.Henoticedamanentertheroom._3.Ihavealotworktodo._4.Hisjobistotrainswimmers._5.Shesmiled._6.Pleaselookatthepicture._,d,a,e,b,e,c,划分句子成分,Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouvegottoschool.2.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididntdareopenawindow.3.Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.4.Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower.,1.Youwilltell（your）friendthatyouvegottoschool.2.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididntdareopenawindow.3.Anothertimefivemonthsago,IhappenedtobeUpstairsatdusk（whenthewindowwasopen）.4.The（dark,rainy）evening,thewind,thethunderingCloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower.,主语,谓语,间宾,定语,直接宾语,原因状语,主语,谓语,宾语,Thankyou,