职称英语考试用书理工类最全新增文章.docx
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职称英语考试用书理工类最全新增文章
2015职称英语考试用书理工类更新5篇
旧文章
新增文章
理工C
阅读理解
第九篇:
EgyptFelledbyFamine
第九篇:
AnEssentialScientificProcess
补全短文
第五篇:
TheMagicofSound
第五篇:
ARecord-BreakingRover
理工B
阅读理解
第二十二篇:
Snowflakes
第二十二篇:
Real-WorldRobots
补全短文
第九篇:
HeatIsKiller
第九篇:
LighteningStrikes
理工A
补全短文
第十三篇:
SleepingGiant
第十三篇:
AffectionateAndroids
理工C级阅读理解新增文章(河北师大外院培训中心提供.qq469296725)
第九篇 AnEssentialScientificProcess
Alllifeontheearthdependsupongreenplants.Usingsunlight,theplantsproducetheirownfood.Thenanimalsfeedupontheplants.Theytakeinthenutrientstheplantshavemadeandstored.Butthat’snotall.Sunlightalsohelpsaplantproduceoxygen.Someoftheoxygenisusedbytheplant,butaplantusuallyproducesmoreoxygenthanituses.Theexcessoxygenisnecessaryforanimalsandotherorganismstolive.
Theprocessofchanginglightintofoodandoxygeniscalledphotosynthesis.Besideslightenergyfromthesun,plantsalsousewaterandcarbondioxide.Thewatergetstotheplantthroughitsroots.Thecarbondioxideenterstheleavesthroughtinyopeningscalledstomata.Thecarbondioxidetravelstochloroplasts,specialcellsinthebodiesofgreenplants.Thisiswherephotosynthesistakesplace.Chloroplastscontainthechlorophyllsthatgiveplantstheirgreencolor.Thechlorophyllsarethemoleculesthattraplightenergy.Thetrappedlightenergychangeswaterandcarbondioxidetoproduceoxygenandasimplesugarcalledglucose.
Carbondioxideandoxygenmoveintoandoutofthestomata.Watervaporalsomovesoutofthestomata.Morethan90percentofwateraplanttakesinthroughitsrootsescapesthroughthestomata.Duringthedaytime,thestomataofmostplantsareopen.Thisallowscarbondioxidetoentertheleavesforphotosynthesis.Asnightfalls,carbondioxideisnotneeded.Thestomataofmostplantsclose.Waterlossstops.
Ifphotosynthesisceased,therewouldbelittlefoodorotherorganicmatterontheearth.Mostorganismswoulddisappear.Theearth’satmospherewouldnolongercontainoxygen.Photosynthesisisessentialforlifeonourplanet.
词汇:
nutrientn.营养物
organismn.生物体,有机体
carbondioxiden.二氧化碳
chloroplastn.叶绿体
moleculen.分子
vaporn.水蒸气
oxygenn.氧气
photosynthesisn.光合作用
chlorophylln.叶绿素
glucosen.葡萄糖
ceasev.停止
注释:
1.Thenanimalsfeedupontheplants.动物以植物为食。
练习:
1.Inthefirstparagraph,theword“excess”means
A heavy.
B extra.
C green.
D liquid.
2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotmovethroughaplant’sstomata?
A Carbondioxide.
B Watervapor.
C Oxygen.
D Food.
3.Inthetitle,thetermEssentialScientificProcessrefersto
A photosynthesis.
B theformationofglucose.
C globalwarming.
D watergettingtotherootsofplants.
4.Thispassageisprimarilydevelopedby
A explainingaprocess.
B tellingastory.
C comparingandcontrasting.
D convincingthereaderofplants’importance.
5.Anothergoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe
A OxygenandCarbonDioxide.
B PlantsandTheirRoots.
C HowPhotosynthesisWorks.
D WhyOurEarthNeedsWater.
答案与题解:
1.B 前文讲到,植物产生的氧气一部分被植物自身消耗了,但植物消耗的氧气量远小于它们产生的氧气,因此可以推测这句话的意思应该是剩余的氧气对于动物以及其他生物体的生存是至关重要的。
excess在句中的意思是“超额的”,与extra“额外的”意思相近。
2.D 从第三段的第一、二句得知,二氧化碳、氧气和水蒸气都能从气孔中通过,唯一一个没有提到的是food“养分、食物”,因此该题选D项。
3.A 文章通篇都在讲Photosynthesis,即光合作頌钠作用和重要性,文章结尾又重申了Photosynthesisisessentialforlifeonourplanet,因此选A项。
B项是光合作用的一个部分,C、D项则毫不相干。
4.A 文章先是介绍了进行光合作用所需的原料和组织,又介绍了光合作用的过程,因此整个逻辑应该是解释过程,而不是讲故事或比较对比。
D项是“向读者说明植物的重要性”,这确实是文章的一个目的,但不是文章的组织方式。
5.C 文章的主题是光合作用的基本原理,因此选项C。
A、B项在文中有提及,但不是主旨,D项与本文无关。
理工C补全短文新增文章:
第五篇 ARecord-BreakingRover
NASA’sMarsroverOpportunityhasboldlygonewherenoroverhasgonebefore—atleastintermsofdistance.____1____
OnJuly27,afteryearsofmovingaboutonMartianground,thegolf-cart-sizedOpportunityhaddrivenmorethan24miles,beatingthepreviousrecordholder—aSovietroversenttothemoonin1973.
“ThisissoremarkableconsideringOpportunitywasintendedtodriveabout1kilometerandwasneverdesignedfordistance,”saysJohnCallas,theMarsExplorationRoverProjectManager.
____2____“Butwhatisreallyimportantlyisnothowmanymilestheroverhasrackedup,buthowmuchexplorationanddiscoverywehaveaccomplishedoverthatdistance.”
OPPORTUNITY
Thesolar-poweredOpportunityanditstwinrover,Spirit,landedonMars10yearsagoonamissionexpectedtolast3months.____3____
SpiritstoppedcommunicatingwithEarthinMarch2010,afewmonthsafteritgotstuckinasandpit.ButOpportunityhascontinuedtocollectandanalyzeMartiansoilandrocks.
Duringitsmission,Opportunityhascaptured,andsentbacktoEarth,some187,000panoramicandmicroscopicimagesofMarswithitscameras.____4____
MARATHONROVER
Theroverdoesn’tseemtobereadytostopjustyet.IfOpportunitycancontinueon,i