大学英语作文Lexicology Analysis on the Big Bang TheoWord格式文档下载.docx

大学英语作文Lexicology Analysis on the Big Bang TheoWord格式文档下载.docx

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TheBigBangTheoryisanAmericansituationcomedymainlyaboutaseriesofstoriesbetweenabeautyandfourscientists,inwhichtheheroine,Pennyisaenthusiastic,hospitableandeasy-goinglady,workinginTheCheesecakeFactoryasawaitresswhiletheleadingactor,Sheldonisanextremelyconceitedandfrankscientificgeniusandaperfectionist.

Lexicologyisconcernedwiththestudyofthemeaningofwordsandthecompositionofwords.Thescopeoflexicologymainlyembracesword-formation,meaningandtheusageofwordsandwordequivalents.Accordingly,inthispaper,Iwillanalyzetheseaspectsbyanalyzingthetwoleadingcharacters’dialoguesandconnectingwiththeiroccupationsandthedegreeofeducationofTheBigBangTheory.

2.Mainbody:

Word–formationstudiesthepatternsonwhichalanguage,inthiscasetheEnglishlanguage,coinsnewwords,whichisalsocalledneologism.Compoundingisonemajortypeofword-formationwhichiswidelyusedinthetwoleadingcharacters,PennyandSheldon’sspeeches.

Compoundingconsistsofcombiningtwoormorewordsintoonewhichnowexpressesasingleideaandfunctionsasaseparatelexicalunit,whichisthemostproductiveword-formationprocessincontemporaryEnglish.Accordingtopartsofthecompounds,compoundsareclassifiedintonouncompounds,adjectivecompounds,andverbcompounds,allofwhichcanbesubdividedaccordingtothesyntacticrelationofthecompoundingelements

（1）Nouncompounds:

Takethewordsthecharacterssayforexample.Theycanbesubdividedasfollows.

a.Subjectandverb:

hummingbird“thebirdhums”high-speed“thespeedishigh”

webcam“thecameraisusedthroughweb”

b.Verbandobject:

self-abuse“toabuseoneselfbyone’shand’’,lovemaking“tomakelove”

c.Verbandadverbial:

thinkingcap“acapforthinking’’,

buttercup“acupwithbutter”

coloringbooks“bookswithdifferentcolors”

washcloth“akindofclothforwashing”

d.Restrictiverelation:

thefirstelementrestrictsthemeaningofthesecond:

e.g.slipcover“aslipofcover”

fingertip“thetipoffinger”

e.Appositiverelation:

thefirstelementisinappositiontothesecondone:

e.g.bandwidth,girlfriend“afriendisagirl’’

（2）Adjectivecompounds:

leopard-spotted,lifelike,water-borne“tobebornebywater”

b.Nounandadjective:

four-star,long-distance,water-borne“tobebornebywater”

c.Verbandobject:

self-appointed“toappointoneself’’

d.Verbandadverbial:

overuse“touseover’’,strangely-shaped“tobeshapedstrangely”

e.Coordinatingrelationship:

Thetwoadjectivesareinacoordinatingrelationship,e.g.obsessive-compulsive“obsessiveandcompulsive”

（3）Verbcompounds:

Adverbialandverb:

overreact“toreacttoomuch”dry-clean“tocleansth.withoutwater”

TheEnglishvocabularycomprisesdifferentkindsofwords,whichmaybeclassifiedaccordingtodifferentcriteria.Bythelevelofusage,intheBigBangTheory,wordsmaybeclassifiedintocommonwords,colloquialwords,slangwordsandtechnicalwords

Commonwords,orpopularwords,arewordsconnectedwiththeordinarythingsoractivitiesnecessarytoeverydaylife,whicharestylisticallyneutralsothattheycanbeusedinbothformalandinformalwritingandspeech.TakethefollowingsentencesfromBigBangforexamples:

“It’snotwhatitlookslike.’’“SheandRajemergefromyourbedroom.”“Sheisdisheveled,andRajisdressedonlyinasheet.”…Allthewordsinthethreesentencesspokenbythemaincharacter,Sheldonwhenhespeakstohisroommate,Leonardarecommonwords,whichareusedininformaloccasion,fromwhichwecanknowthatcommonwordsarestylisticallyneutralsothattheycanbeusedininformalspeech.

ColloquialwordsareusedmainlyinspokenlanguageEnglish,asinconversationamongfriendsandroommates.TakeaconversationbetweenPennyandAmy:

whoaregoodfriendsinBigBangforexample:

Penny:

CanIstayatyourplaceforafewnights?

Amy:

Really?

Abestfriendsleepover?

Yay.

Yeah,sure.Yay!

We’llmakepopcorn,stayupallnightandI’llteachyoumysecretlanguage,Op.

Soundsgreat.

Nope.Sounds“GopRopEATop.”

Yeah,I’mgonnagopackabag.

No,you’renot.You’regonna“PopACopKopABopAGop.”

Intheconversationabove,therearelotsofcolloquialwordswhichcanonlyusedininformalspeech.However,colloquialwordscanshowtheclosenessbetweenpeople,justlikePennyandAmy.

Slangisdefinedasaninformallanguageconsistingofwordsandexpressionsthatarenotconsideredappropriateforformaloccasions.Ontheonehand,slangwordsareoftenvituperativeorvulgar.Ontheotherhand,however,theyarefreshandnovel.Forexample:

gotabigcrushon“fallinlovewith”,aregularJoe“apass-by”,Whatthehelliswrongwithyou?

“Whatiswrongwithyou?

’’,Igothisback“Isupporthim”,DoyouthinkIhaveashotwithPenny?

“DoyouthinkPennyloveme?

’’Buckup,sissypants“Becheerful,myboy”etc.,allofwhichmakepeople’speechlivelyandexpressive.So,wecanknowthatslangwordsarebecomingmorepopular.

Technicalwordsrefertothosewordsusedinvariousspecialfields.Accordingly,everybranchofscience,everyprofessionorelsehasitsowntechnicalterms.Therefore,undoubtedly,physicshasitsowntechnicalterms,likethewordsthemaincharacter,Sheldon,ascientificgeniusonphysicshassaid,suchashygiene“health”,sexualintercourse&

coitus“lovemaking”etc.Asaphysist,Sheldonusestechnicaltermseveninhiseverydayconversationwithhisroommatesandfriends.e.g.Sheldon:

SheandRajemergefromyourbedroom.

Sheisdisheveled,andRajisdressedonlyinasheet.

Thesoleclue:

“It’snotwhatitlookslike.”

Leonard:

Justletitgo,Sheldon.

Sheldon:

IfIcould,Iwould,butIcan’t,soIshan’t.

Now,knowingPenny,theobviousansweris,theyengagedincoitus.

But...Sincethat’swhatitlookedlike,

wecanrulethatout.Let’sputonourthinkingcap,shallwe?

RajisfromIndia,atropicalcountry.ThirdWorldhygiene.

Parasiticinfectionsarecommon,suchaspinworms.

Theprocedurefordiagnosingpinwormsistowaituntilthesubjectisasleep,andthewormscrawloutoftherectumforair.

Yes,justlikethat.

PennycouldhavebeeninspectingRaj’sanalregionforparasites.

Intermsoflexicology,thewordsapersonsays,formalorinformal,colloquialortechnical,toagreatextent,aredependedonhissocialstatus,hisoccupation,andthedegreeofhiseducation.InBigBangTheory,Sheldonusestechnicaltermsconcerningphysicseveninhisdailyconversationwithhisroommatesandfriends,suchas,sexualintercourse,genitals,parasiticinfections,pinworms,rectum,etc.,whileanothercharacter,Penny,abeautifulbutnotwell–educatedladylivingnextdoortoSheldon,usuallysayscolloquialwords.Lookatthewordsshehassaidfollowing:

Oh,myGod,

Youjerkface!

Damnright

cutiepie

Youknowwhat?

Really?

Yeah,sure.Yay!

Nope.

Yeah,I’mgonnagopackabag.

…

Whydotheytwospeaksodifferent?

Theiroccupationsaredifferent:

theformerisascientistandthelatterisawaitressofTheCheesecakeFactory,fromwhichwecanknowthatSheldonismuchmorewell-educatedthanPenny.However,thereisonethingthattheytwoareincommon:

theuseofslangwords.Suchas,‘aregularJoe’,‘Whatthehelliswrongwithyou?

’saidbySheldonand‘Youjustbitmytongue!

’saidbyPennyand‘Mybrother--he’sgotabigcrushonBernadette.’…

3.Conclusion:

Fromtheperspectiveoflexicology,thispapermainlyanalyzesthecharacters’dialoguesoftheBigBangTheoryintermsofword-formation,theusageofwords,andtheiroccupationsandthedegreeofeducationaswell.

Intermsofword-formation,itismainlyconcernedwithcompoundingwhichisclassifiedintonouncompounds,adjectivecompoundsandverbcompoundsaccordingtopartsofspeechofthecompounds.Andallthesethreekindsofcompoundscanbesubdivided.

Bylevelofusage,wordscanbeclassifiedintocommonwords,colloquialwords,slangwordsandtechnicalwords.

Toagreatextent,thewordsapersonsaysaredependedonhisoccupationandthedegreeofbeingeducated.