山东省泰安市届高三英语全真模拟三模试题Word下载.docx
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SothenhaybothertovisitoneroyalbuildingintheUnitedKingdomBuckinghamPalaceandanotherthesamecountryWindsorCastle?
Itturnsoutthereisadifference,andyou
canfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.
TheCaseforCastles
Castleswereresidencesforroyalty.Buttheywerealsointendasdefensiveseats.Sayyou'
reakingwhohastakenaparticularareaover.Nowyouhavetoholdit.castleandstaffitwithsoldierstodefendyourconqueredterritoryandensureitremainspartofyourkingdom.
CastleswerebuiltthroughoutEuropeandtheMiddleEastprimarilyforprotectionofthekingandhispeople.Somecommonfeaturesofcastlesinclude:
●thickwallsandheavygatestokeepinvadersout
●protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover
●hightowersforkeepingalookoutoverthesurrounding
●gatehousesforadmittingalliesinsteadofallowingenemiesintothecastle
ThePlaceforPalaces
Palaces,onthecontrary,hadnodefensivepurposes.Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.Palaceswerewherethespoils(战利品)ofwarmightbedisplayed,alongwithgrandarchitecture,massivebanquethalls,goldentablesettingsandmaybeevenhundredsofluxuriouslydecoratedrooms.
Whilekingscertainlytookupresidenceinpalacesaswellascastles,nonmilitaryroyalsmightalsohavelivedin(orstilllivein)palaces.Ministerscouldliveincastlestoshowthepoweroftheirrichesratherthantheirnonexistentmilitarypower.ThetermcomesfromPalatineHillinRome.
1.Whichoftheflowingisonefeatureofcastles?
A.Lowtowerssurroundingcastles.
B.Defensivelowwallsforshooting.
C.Gatehousesallowingenemiesintothecastle.
D.Thickwallsandheavygatestolockinvadersin.
2.Whywerepalacesfirstbuilt?
A.Toaccommodateordinarysoldiers.
B.Todefendtheking'
sconqueredterritory.
C.Toshowofftheartofroyalpainting,
D.Todisplayhugesuccessofthewar.
3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenext?
A.Tolistthereasonsforkingslivinginpalaces.
B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweencastlesandpalaces.
C.TotalkaboutThevalueofcastlesinmoderntimes.
D.Toshowpalacesaremorepopularthancastles.
B
AliceisasenioratSunsetHighSchool(SHS)inAmerica.Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:
doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.
Alice,seniorclasspresident,decidestotakeactionbyorganizingafooddrive.Shealsodecidestoreachouttothecommunityintheneighborhoodforsupport.
Shewrote,“Hi!
MynameisAliceandI'
masenioratSunset!
TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies.Iknowmanystudentsintheslum(贫民窟)arenotabletoaccessregularmealswithoutschool.One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.Soitwouldbeamazingifanybodycoulddonateanyextrafoodandlayitaroundthehouse.Iwouldbesohappytocomebyandpickupanyextrafoodthatanyonehasandjustletmeknow!
”
Sofar,thecommunityhasmadesome400donations,andAlicehaspickedupeachone.They'
releftinbrownpaperbagsaroundtheirhouses,andshehandlesthemwiththelatestgloves.It'
sallpackagedfood,andthepackagingiscleanedwithdisinfectedwipes.Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingup
distributioncenterstodispensethefoodinthecitysofamiliescangetwhattheyneed.
“Inthecommunity,I'
veseensomanypeopleofferingtheirhelp,andI'
vepickedupsomanydonationsfromcommunityresidents,”Alicesaid.It'
snicetoseepeoplesupportingeachother.Ithinkit'
sreallygoodhatwe'
rebelongmorecautious,especiallywithinthecommunity,Alicesays.Everyindividualisawareofhowtotakecareofthemselves,theirfamilyandothersthem.Theyjoinhandsmakeabigdifferenceindeed,Witheveryone'
sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.
4.WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsatSHSinthetext?
A.They'
reeagerforameaningfullife.
B.They'
vehelpedtobuildacommunity.
C.They'
vegraduatedfromseniorhighschool.
D.They'
reforcedtodosomethingworthwhile.
5.WhydidAliceorganizethefooddrive?
A.Togaingreaterpopularity.
B.Togetfoodforfamiliesinneed.
C.TosetuptheSHSstudentunion.
D.Todonatefoodtothestudentsinherschool.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inparagraph4probablymean?
A.Recycle.B.Handout.C.Gain.D.Chewup.
7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?
A.Eastorwest,homeisbest.
B.it'
sgoodtolearn此anotherman'
scost.
C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.
D.Manyhandsmakeworklight.
C
OnthelastMondayinMay,peopleintheUnitedStatescelebrateMemorialDay.ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.Schoolsandgovernmentofficesclose.MostpeopleintheUShavethisdayofffromwork.PeoplecelebrateMemorialDaywithoutdoorparades.
MostAmericansconsideritthestartofsummerthoughtheseasonreallybeginsinJune.Withsomanypeopleoffwork,MemorialDayhasalsobecomeapopularshoppingday.However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.Thosewhohavelostfamilymembersatwarvisitburialsitestodecoratethegraves.Theyplaceflowers,
wreathsandUSflagsonthegraves.
MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.TheCivilWarwasaverydarktimeintheUShistory.Historianshavelongthoughtthatabout620,000soldiersdiedinthefighting.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthedeadnumberedabout750,000.
In1868,about5,000peoplegatheredatArlingtonNationalCemeteryontheedgeofWashington,D.C.Theydecoratedmorethan10,000gravesofUnionandConfederatesoldiers.TheycalleditDecorationDay.bone
Thetraditionspreadtootherareasofthecountry.In1873,NewYorkStatecalleditMemorialDayandwasthefirsttomakeitalegal-holiday.OtherStatesallowed,butnotall.Somesouthernstateshad(and-stillhave)separatecelebrationsthathonoronlydeadConfederatesoldiers.
AfterWorldWarIendedin1918,MemorialDaybecameadaytohonorallAmericansoldierskilledatwar.In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.
8.What'
sthepurposeofMemorialDayinAmerica?
A.Tomarkthestartofsummer.
B.Toletpeopleenjoythemselves.
C.Toshowrespecttodeadsoldiers.
D.Tosetaholidaytoencouragesoldiers.
9.What'
stheatmosphereofAmericanMemorialDaylikeonmostoccasions?
A.Sad.B.Casual.C.Pleasant.D.Relaxing.
10.WhendidMemorialCasual,becomealegalholidaythroughouttheUS?
A.In1971.B.In1873.C.In1918.D.In1868.
11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.CelebrationActivitiesofMemorialDayintheUS
B.TheProspectofAmericanMemorialDay
C.MembersHonoredonAmericanMemorialDay
D.TheEvolutiononMemorialDayintheUS
D
Theotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals(自由基).Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?
“Asascientificterm,freeradicalsareessentiallyunstableatoms,”saysArizona--baseddoctor,NatashaBhuyan,M.D.“Inmedicine,theycausecellstobreakdownovertimeandarelinkedtoaging.”
Asupersimplechemistryreviewforyou:
Atomsfromdifferentelementsarethebuildingblocksthatmakeupwater,nitrogenandmore.Electrons(电子)arethenegativelychargedatoms,andtheyliketobeinpairs.Whenanelectronlosesitspartner,itcreatesafreeradical,whichisusuallyunstableandhighlyreactive.Freeradicalstypicallygothroughthebodytoseekoutareplacementfortheirmissingelectron,andthatcanresultindamagetocells,proteinsandDNA.
Sohowdofreeradicalsformandwhydotheyhappen?
Bhuyansays,“Scientifically,freeradicalsareunpairedelectronsthatareseekingamatetobondwith.Thetheorybehindfreeradicalsisthattheycanleadtotheimbalancebetweenfreeradicalsandantioxidants(抗氧化剂).”
Anothermini-sciencelessonforyou:
Antioxidantsarenaturalormanmademattersthatcanhelpdelayorpreventsometypesofcelldamage.They'
reoftenfoundinfruitsandvegetables.
Alotoftheaspectsofmodernlife—ourdiet,lifestyleandenvironmentalfactorslikepollution,cancauseoxidativestress.Overtime,oxidativestressweakenscellandtissuesandcanleaveyoumoreeasilytocertainhealthissuesincludingcancer.And,asbeautymarketersarekeenlyaware,oxidativestresscanalsospeeduptheagingprocess.Nowthatyourknowfreeradicalscanweakonyourhealth,you'
reprobablywonderingifthereareanywaystopreventthemfromformingoratleasttominimizetheirnegativeeffects.
12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph?
A.Explaintheprocessofaging.
B.Statetheformationoffreeradicals,
C.Introducethetopicoffreeradicals.
D.Describetheharmofantiagingcream.
13.Whichofthefollowingdofreeradicalsreferto?
A.Unpairedelectrons.
B.Steadyatoms.
C.Replacementsofatoms.
D.Functionsofelectrons.
14.Whatcanwe