英语动词不规则变化表文档格式.docx
《英语动词不规则变化表文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语动词不规则变化表文档格式.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![英语动词不规则变化表文档格式.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-1/29/dfe1675a-e3b0-425d-8f16-12f1c5fb3d2f/dfe1675a-e3b0-425d-8f16-12f1c5fb3d2f1.gif)
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10改变辅音字母。
(1个)
make—made—made
11改变元、辅音字母。
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。
(共35个)
1i—a—u变化。
(6个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
2词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。
(5个)
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。
(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。
forget—forgot—forgotten
6过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。
come—came—come
become—became—become
run—ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
★记忆法二:
不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。
学生难学,老师难教。
幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些部规律来记忆。
下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(细心的你一定会发现,这些词多数是以字母t结尾的。
)
二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/come
become/became/become
run/ran/run
(come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:
welcomed,welcomed)
四、过去式,过去分词相同:
(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/met
feed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/felt
sleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/kept
sweep/swept/swept
(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/spelt
smell/smelt/smelt
spill/spilt/spilt
(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
catch/caught/caught
teach/taught/taught
bring/brought/brought
buy/bought/bought
think/thought/thought
(5)将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stood
understand/understood/understood
(6)将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laid
pay/paid/paid
say/said/said
(7)将d改为t
lend/lent/lent
send/sent/sent
spend/spent/spent
build/built/built
(8)将i改为a,o,u等
sit/sat/sat
spit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dug
win/won/won
(9)将ell改为old
tell/told/told
sell/sold/sold
(10)词尾加t
learn/learnt/learnt
mean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamt
spoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的:
learn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shone
shine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hung
hang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smelt
smell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burnt
burn/burned/burned
light/lii/lit
light/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/had
hear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shot
lose/lost/lost
hold/held/held
get/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/found
make/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blown
fly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grown
know/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showed
draw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begun
drink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rung
sing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swum
sink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/driven
write/wrote/written
rise/rose/risen
ride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n变成过去分词
rise/rose/risen
eat/ate/eaten
give/gave/given
fall/fell/fallen
(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/broken
choose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozen
mistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolen
speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken
wake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/been
do/did/done
forget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gone
hide/hid/hidden
see/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunk
sink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀
shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂
hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find找到、发现find/found/found
found创建,成立found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1)come/came/come来——go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒来
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunk
sink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought买——sell/sold/sold出售,卖
(6)take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought带来
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
(8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送——get/got/got获得、收到
(二)词义相近:
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败
win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become变成,成为,变得
go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成
(4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
pay/paid/paid支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5)say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论
★记忆法三:
1.无变化,过去式与原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
2.元音字母的变化。
i→a:
begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:
drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:
find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:
take→took,shake→shook
e→o:
get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:
come→came,become→became
oo→o:
shoot→shot,choose→chose
3.元音字母组合的变化。
aw/ow/y→ew:
draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
4.元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
5.辅音字母变化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt