cyber language文档格式.docx

cyber language文档格式.docx

《cyber language文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《cyber language文档格式.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

王琳

学号：

2011501266

学院：

师范学院

专业、年级：

英语专业20111

指导教师：

李蕾

职称：

副教授

毕业论文（设计）完成时间：

2015年6月9日

Abstract

Cyberlanguage,withtheexplosionoftheInternet,isfundamentallytransformingthewaywecommunicate.Inrecentyears,variousAppsoftwaresoncomputerandsmartphonehavebecomeanincreasinglyfrequentpartofourdailylife.Soproperlyunderstandingthenewlanguagecarriesasignificancetoourlife.Pragmaticsstudiesthewaycontextcontributestothemeaning.SointhecontextInternetcommunication,whichisdifferentfromtheface-to-facecommunicationandstandardwrittenChineseandEnglish,cyberlanguageacquisitionandusegraduallycallforresearchesandstudies.Sointhispaper,wewillanalyze,explain,sortoutthelanguagepeopleuseonlineforthebenefitofoursocialandeconomiclife.Bycollectingwrittentextsgeneratedinaspecificsituationandanalyzingthemeaning,grammar,sentencestructureandculturedifferencesofthesematerials,thispaperattemptstofindabetterwaytounderstandandusecyberlanguage.

Keywords:

pragmatics;

cyberlanguage;

Internet

摘要

网络语言，随着网络时代的爆发，正在从根本上改变我们的交流方式。

最近几年，各式各样的手机电脑软件以逐渐成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。

因此，正确理解网络语对我们的生活意义重大。

而语用学研究的是在具体的语境中理解句子含义。

网络作为一种语境，不同于面对面交流，也不同于标准中文与标准英文，所以为了我们更好的融入社交与经济生活，网络语境的习得与运用也需要逐渐得投入调查与研究。

因此本文通过搜集网上的语言语料，并对它们进行分类，分析并解释网络语与日常语言在语意，语法，结构与文化的差异，以期找到一种更好的方法来理解与运用网络语言。

关键词：

语用学；

网络语言；

因特网

Contents

I.Introduction1

.LiteratureReview1

A.Theroyorigin1

B.Foreignrelatedresearches2

C.Demesticrelatedresearches4

III.Specialcyberlanguageanalysis5

A.Deixis5

1.Persondeixis6

2.Socialdeixis7

B.Cyberinterjections8

1.Onomatopoeia9

2.Tonewords10

C.Emoticons.........................................................................................................11

.Conversationalanalysis12

A.Purposeofconversation13

B.Turn-takingsystem13

C.Cooperativeandpolitenessprinciples13

.Conclusion14

WorksCited15

I.Introduction

TheexplosionoftheInternetisfundamentallytransformingtheworldinwhichwelive,work,govern,andcommunicate.Inrecentyears,variousAppsoftwaresoncomputerandsmartphonehavebecomeanincreasinglyfrequentpartofourdailylife.Peoplenotonlychatandblogonline,nowadaysasE-commercegrows,peopleevenshoponline.Asaresult,anewkindoflanguagecomeintobeing---cyberlanguage.Cyberlanguageinthispaperreferstoawiderangeoflanguageform,includingtextmessagesviacellphonesandcomputer-mediatedcommunication.InChina,themostpopularsoftwareareQQ（腾讯）andWechat（微信）,whileinEnglishspeakingcountries,theyhaveFacebookandWhatsapp.Thesesoftwareshavecreatedhawholenewsocialworldforpeople.WecannotignorethefactthatuntilJulyof2014,thenumberofcybercitizeninChinahit632million,whichaccountsfor46.9%ofthewholepopulation.Andthisnumberisgrowing!

Asidefromthereallife,sociallifesupportedbythesesoftwarepartiallyexplainsaperson’spersonalityandpopularityinvirtualworld.Soproperunderstandingandusingcyberlanguagewillhelppeopletofitinonlineworld.Pragmaticsstudiesthewaycontextcontributestothemeaning.Sointhecontextofcommunicationonline,whichisdifferentfromtheface-to-facecommunicationandstandardwrittenChineseandEnglish,cyberlanguageacquisitionandusegraduallycallforresearchesandstudies.Itisveryclearweneedtoanalyze,explain,sortoutthelanguagepeopleuseonlineforthebenefitofoursocialandeconomiclife.Bycollectingwrittentextsgeneratedinaspecificsituationandanalyzingthemeaning,grammar,sentencestructureandculturedifferencesofthesematerials,thispaperattemptstofindabetterwaytounderstandandusecyberlanguage.

II.LiteratureReview

A.TheoryOrigin

ChinajoinedtheInternetduring90soflastcentury,andcyberlanguagehasbecomeanoveldisciplineinlanguagestudy.Theadventofcyberlanguagehasattractedattentionfromlinguistsfromhomeandabroad.AccordingtoZhangyunhui,since1994to2009,thereareintotal596articlessearchedbythekeyword“cyberlanguage”inonlineacademicjournalsinChina（5）.Theseresearchesmainlyinvolvesuchaspectsascyberwords,rulesofcyberlanguage,socialreasonsandcultures.Withmoreandmorepeopleusingcyberlanguagetocommunicate,pragmaticresearchesstartstobegin.

Cyberlanguageisanewsubjectanddifferentscholarshasdifferentdefinitions.JinsongandQikethinkthatCyberlanguageinbroadsensereferstothenovellanguagerelatedtoInternetandelectronicstechnology;

Cyberlanguageinnarrowsensereferstolanguagethatnetcitizenuses（11）.Zhouhongbothinksthatcyberlanguageisaformoflanguagepeopleusetocommunicationonline,andcanbedividedintothreekinds,professionaltermsrelatedtocybertechnology,specialwordsaboutInternetandthestaplelanguagenetcitizensuseinachatroomorforum（354）.

AmericanlinguistDavidCrystalanalyzestheburgeoninglanguagevarietyoftheInternetbyclassifyingitintofivebroad“Internet-usingsituations”,namely,electronicmails,chatgroups（bothsynchronousandasynchronous）,virtualworlds,andworldwideweb（2069）.

Later,Hehongfengpointsouttheoriginofcyberlanguage.ThemainbodyofcyberlanguagecomesfromcurrentstandardChinese,becausecyberlanguagestillusethosestockwordsandgrammaroftraditionalChinese

（2）.Wangzhijuanalsosaysthatcyberlanguageexpandstraditionalwordsbankandhadnewwordsthatdoesn’texistindailylife（92）.

Andthefollowingistheresearchesrelatedtothissubject.

B.Foreignrelatedresearches

1.Specialcyberwordsandemoticons

DavidGelernterthinksabbreviationsandderivationsarealanguage'

snormalresponsetostress（17）.Forexample,theonewhoblogisablogger,whohackisahacker.AndothersimplifiedwordslikePLZ（pleas）,BTW（bytheway）.BecauseoftheconvenienceofInternet,digitalwordsareeasytowrite,change,sendandforget.

DavidGelernteralsosaid,“Whenyouareforcedtocompressyourmessageintofewerwords,eachwordworksharder,carriesmoremeaningonitsshouldersand,accordingly,becomesmoreimportantandinteresting.DigitalEnglishisnogoodforpoetryornovels,butonbalanceit'

srefreshing”（18）.

DavidCrystalsummarizestheformalpropertiesofNetspeak（cyberlanguage）suchasprosodyandparalanguage（e.g.aaaaahhhhh,whohe?

?

）,smileyoremoticons（e.g.:

-）forpleasureand;

-（forcrying）andverbalglosses（e.g.<

gd&

r>

for‘‘grinning,duckingandrunning’’and<

vbg>

for‘‘verybiggrin’’）thathavetheroleofavoidingambiguitiesandmisconceptionsmakeitakintospeech,whileatthesametimeremainingsomedistancefromspeech（2071）.

ButSmiley-facesareanotherstory.Painfullycutehieroglyphics（happy-face,sad-face）havelitteredemailforyears;

theyaretheemptybeerbottlesintheliteraryflowergarden.Anythingthatcan'

tbepronouncedstopstheverbalmusic,makesthereaderstumbleandmarksthewriterasanitwit.Thesepictogramsareforsloppyandlazywriters:

E.B.Whiteneverfelttheneedtodrawlittlefacesinthemargintomakehismeaningclear.

Morerecentwork,however,hasshownthatemoticonscanprovidethisinformationandenhanceCMC. 

WaltherandD’Addariodefinedemoticonsasgraphicrepresentationsoffacialexpressionsthatareembeddedinelectronicmessages.Theseoftenincludepunctuationmarksandletterstocreateexpressionssuchashappy,sad,orfrustrated（whichappear:

）,:

（,and:

/respectively）.Manyresearchershavesuggestedthesecuesenhancewrittencommunicationinthesamewayvisualorbodylanguagesupportsverbalcommunication（Derksetal.389）.

2.Cyberconversationsandcyberlanguageuser

TocharacterizeNetspeak（cyberlanguage）,DavidCrystalintroducesH.P.Grice’sfourmaximsofconversation,namely,themaximsofquality,relevance,quantityandmanner.HediscussesthefourmaximsandsaidtheverynatureofInternetcompoundsthetaskofapplyingGrice’smaximstotheInternetsituations.H.P.Grice’sfourmaximsgiveusrulesofcooperation,andinsomewaytohelpustounderstandandmakesuccessfulconversationsonline.However,healsodetectsthatNetspeakdiffersfromface-to-faceconversationintermsoffeedbackandturn-taking（2073）.

Linguisticpolitenessalsoisamajorresearchareaincyberconversations.MorandandOckerreviewedpolitenesstheoryandstatedthatface-threateningactsareinevitableininteractionacrossvariouscomputer-mediated-communications.

People’shabitsofsendingonlinemessagesalsocanaffectthepragmaticeffectofaconversation.AsThurlowandBrownnotedforSMSeswritteninEnglish,textmessageshavevariousfunctionsthatcanbeclassifiedaccordingtotwoorientations:

informative-transactionalandrelational.Inordertotestthesetwofunctions,JosieconductsaexperimentonadolescentstoseethefactorsofSMSes.JosieBernnicotthinksthatthenovellinguisticmaterialfoundinSMSesisparticularlyusefulinpragmaticstudies,whichattempttorelatelinguisticproductionstobecommunicativesituationinwhichtheyareproduced.Andhefindsoutthecharacteristicsoftextmessagesfromthepointofviewoflength,structuralandfunction.HisstudyenablesustoshowthattheSMSwriters’characteristics（age,gender,andSMSexperience）playedaroleinthelength,structure,andfunctionofthetextmessagestheywrote.Longmessagesweremainlyproducedby15-16-year-oldgirls,whosemessageswerealsolargelyrelational.Theexperienced15-16-year-oldboysgenerallywrot