河北省大名县一中学年高二英语下学期第二周周测试题Word文件下载.docx

河北省大名县一中学年高二英语下学期第二周周测试题Word文件下载.docx

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“Ihavehadthediseaseformostofmylife,”Hawkingoncesaid.“Yetithasnotstoppedmefrombeingsuccessfulatmywork.”

AlthoughHawkingissuchadisabledman,hemadegreatachievements.Hehasreceivedmanyawardsandprizesforhisworkovertheyears.ThisincludeswinningtheAlbertEinsteinAward.Itisthehighestachievementintheoreticalphysics.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,thebookthatStephenHawkingwroteis_____.

A.thesameasHarryPotter

B.isquitedifferentfromHarryPotter.

C.aboutthemagic

D.aboutscience

2.Fromthetextwecanlearn_____.

A.HawkingismorefamousthanEinstein

B.HawkingislessfamousthanEinstein

C.BothHawkingandEinsteinareveryfamous

D.NeitherHawkingnorEinsteinisfamous

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpronoun“It”inthesecondparagraphstandfor?

A.Thegoal.

B.Themagic.

C.Theuniverse.

D.Thebook.

4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsisthefact?

A.HawkinghasreceivedmanyawardsandprizesexcepttheAlbertEinsteinAward.

B.Theillnesskeepshimfrommovingandtalking.

C.Hecommunicateswithothersbyspeaking.

D.Theillnessstoppedhimfrombeingsuccessful.

B

Inthefarfuture,robotsliveonEarthashumansbutthepopulationofhumansissmallerthanathousand.ThisisastoryofarepairrobotR-62.

Oneday,acarcametotherepairfactoryandahumansteppedoutofthecar.

“Wow,ahuman!

Ihaveneverseenarealone,”saidR-62.

“Humansarequiteclever.They’reabletodoanyactiontheywantto.They’reevenabletoharmotherhumanbeingsororganizewars,whichtheyhavebeendoingalotinthehistory.Alsotheydon’tevenhavetofollowordersiftheydon’twantto,”saidanotherrobotT-59quietlytoR-62.

“Howterribleitis!

Andalmostallrobotsseemafraidofhimanddon’tlookathimdirectly,”saidR-62.

Thehumanthensatdownandaskediftherehadbeenanyproblemsinthelast10yearsandheonlygotaquickanswer,“No,sir.”

Thensuddenly,R-62saidloudly,“Ihaveonequestionforyou.”

Thehumansaid,“Yes”,abitunhappyfornotgetting“sir”.

“Whydohumancreatesomanyrobots?

”askedR-62.

Silencefollowedthequestionandhethensaid,“Idon’tneedtoanswerquestionsfromrobots!

”Hethenwentintohiscaranddroveawayquickly.

“Ireallydon'

tunderstandwhyhumansreplacedthemselveswithrobots,”askedR-62.

“Becausetheythoughtthatrobotsweremoreadvancedthanhumans.Theycreatedustosupportthemselves,”answeredT-59.

“ButtherearesofewhumansonEarth.Whattheyshoulddoistotakeawaytherobotsoratleastmakethemstopdoingtheworkwhichhumansaresupposedtodo,”saidR-62.

“Iagree.Butwecandonothingaboutit.Andnowwehavetofinishrepairingthiscar,”saidT-59.

“Allright,let’scontinue.”

5.InT-59’sopinion,humansare_____.

A.smart

B.polite

C.dangerous

D.stupid

6.Accordingtothetext,R-62_____.

A.darednotlookatthehumandirectly

B.wasnotfriendlytothehuman

C.decidedtogiveupitsjob

D.hopetoliveonEarth

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.R-62doesn’tknowwhathumanbeingslooklike.

B.R-62andT-59arebrothersanddodifferentjobs.

C.T-59doesn’twanttosupporthumanbeings.

D.T-59knowsalotabouthumanbeings.

8.What’sR-62’sattitudetowardshumans’creatingrobots?

A.Frightened.

B.Excited.

C.Doubtful.

D.Supportive.

C

PreparingCitiesforRobotCars

Thepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist’sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn’tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（andrightfullyso）,policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions（排放）andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?

Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing（叫车）services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure（基础设施）andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（责任与维护问题）.Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn’textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.

9.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.

A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.providebetterservicestocustomers

C.causedamagetoourenvironment

D.makesomepeoplelosejobs

10.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor’smajorconcern?

A.Safety.

B.Sideeffects.

C.Affordability.

D.Management.

11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.

D.Sympathetic.

D

Peoplewhoincreasedthenumberoftimestheychewedtheirfoodbeforeswallowingatelesseachmeal,accordingtoanewstudy.Sloweaterstendtobeslimmer.Beforethestudy,theresearchersdidn’tknowwhetheraskingpeopletochewmorewouldchangetheamountoffoodtheyate.Buttheyfoundmealsizesbecamesmallerwhenadultschewedmorebeforeswallowing---whethertheywereslim,normal-weight,overweightorobese.

“Thestudyprovesthebenefitsoftakingtimetochewfoodwell,”saiddietitianBrownGiggs.

Theparticipantswereaskedtoeatfivepizzarollsandcountthenumberoftimestheychewedeachroll.Researchersdidnottellthemwhatexactlywasbeingtestedinthestudy.47peoplewentontofinishthestudy.10wereslim,10werenormal-weight,27wereoverweight.Thoseparticipantsattendedthreeweeklylunchtimetestperiods.Eachday,researchersgavethem60pizzarollsandtoldthemtoeatuntiltheywerefull.Dependingontheperiod,researchersaskedpeopletocheweverybitethesamenumberoftimesasattheirtestvisit,50%moreortwiceasmanytimes.

Slimparticipantsatemoreslowlythannormal-weightandoverweightparticipants.Overall,peoplespentmoretimeeatingwhentheyincreasedthenumberoftimestheychewed.Theparticipantsratedtheirappetite（食欲）thesameaftereachmealeventhoughslowerchewingreducedhowmuchtheyate.

Researchersnotedthatthestudywasconductedunderlabconditions,soit'

snotclearwhetheritwouldadapttonormallife.Theresearchersarenowlookingtoseewhetherhowfastpeopleeat,forexample,influenceshowmuchtheyeat.“Ittakesabout20minutesforthebraintosignalyourstomachthatyourefull,”BrownRiggssaid. 

“Fasteaterscaneatalargeamountoffoodwithintha