理工类A级.docx

理工类A级.docx

《理工类A级.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《理工类A级.docx（83页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

理工类A级

理工类A级-阅读理解

AVerySlowRide

　　Thesurfaceoftheearthmayseemverystabletoyou.Butyoumightbeamazedifyouknewsomeofthethingsthataregoingonunderthatsurface.

　　Theearthhasanoutershellofrigidpiecescalledtectonicplates（地壳构造板块）。

Theplatesincludebothoceanflooranddryland.Somehavewholecontinentsontopofthem.Thecontinentsontopoftheplatesarejustgoingalongforaslowride，movingonlyaboutfourinchesperyear.Buteventhissmallmovementcausesthreetypesofbiginteractions.

　　Onetypeisoceanridges.Theseridgesdevelopinplaceswheretwoplatesaremovingawayfromeachother.Astheplatesseparate，hotmagma（岩浆）flowsuptofillthespace.Newcrust（地壳）buildsupontheplateboundariesandcausesoceanridges.Theseridgesformlongmountainranges，whichonlyriseabovetheoceansurfaceinafewplaces.

　　Anothertypeofreaction-trenches-occursbetweentwoplatesthataremovingtowardeachother.Astheplatesmeet，onebendsdownwardandplungesundemeaththeother.Thisformsdeepoceantrenches.TheMarianasTrenchoffGuaminthewesternPacificOceanhasadepthofmorethan36，000feet.Thisisthelowestpointontheoceanfloor.Iftheleadingedgesofthetwocollidingplatescarrycontinents，thenthelayersofrockintheoverridingplatecrumple（变皱）andfold.AplatethatcarriedwhatisnowlndiacollidedwiththesouthernedgeoftheplatethatcarriedEuropeandmostofAsia.ThiscausedtheHimalayas，theworld'shighestmountains.

　　Thethirdreactionistransformfaults（转换断层）。

Thesefaultsoccurwheretwoplatesthataretravelinginoppositedirectionsslidepasteachother.Severeearthquakescanoccur.TheSanAndreasFaultinCalifomiaisagoodexampleofthistypeofmovement.

　　1.Theword"stable"（paragraph1）means

　　A."aplaceforhorses".

　　B."calmandeasygoing".

　　C."steadyorfirm".

　　D."acollectionofanimals".

　　2.Toexplaintheeffectoftrenches，thewritergivestheexampleof

　　A.theseafloorintheAtlanticOcean.

　　B.theHimalayanMountains.

　　C.Europe.

　　D.lndia.

　　3.TheSanAndreasFaultisanexampleof

　　A.asevereearthquake.

　　B.aCaliforniarockformation.

　　C.twoplatesmovingapart.

　　D.twoplatesalidingpasteachother.

　　4.Accordingtothepassage，theearthis

　　A.alwayschanging.

　　B.becomingsmaller.

　　C.movingfaster.

　　D.gettinghotter.

　　5.Thispassageismostlyabout

　　A.effectsofmovementsoftheearth'splates.

　　B.differenttypesofcontinents.

　　C.theMarianasTrench.

　　D.transformfaults.

【正确答案】：

C　B　D　A　A

理工类阅读理解模拟

（1）

ElectricBackpack

Backpacksareconvenient．Theycanholdyourbooks，yourlunch，andachangeofclothes，leavingyourhandsfreetodootherthings．Someday，ifyoudon'tmindcarryingaheavyload，yourbackpacksmightalsopoweryourMP31player，keepyourcellphonerunning，andmaybeevenlightyourwayhome．

LawrenceC．RomeandhiscolleaguesfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphia2andtheMarineBiologicalLaboratoryinWoodsHole3，Mass．4，haveinventedabackpackthatmakeselectricityfromenergyproducedwhileitswearerwalks．Inmilitaryactions，search-and-rescueoperations，andscientificfieldstudies，peoplerelyincreasinglyoncellphones，globalpositioningsystem（GPS）5receivers，night-visiongoggles，andotherbatterypowereddevicestogetaroundanddotheirwork．Thebackpack’selectricity-generatingfeaturecoulddramaticallyreducetheamountofawearer’sloadnowdevotedtosparebatteries，reportRomeandhiscolleaguesintheSept．9Science6．

Thebackpack’selectricity-creatingpowersdependonspringsusedtohangaclothpackfromitsmetalframe．Theframesitsagainstthewearer’sback，andthewholepackmovesupanddownasthepersonwalks．Agearmechanismconvertsverticalmovementsofthepacktorotarymotionsofanelectricalgenerator，producingupto7．4watts．

　　Unexpectedly，testsshowedthatwearersofthenewbackpackaltertheirgaitsinresponsetothepack’soscillations，sothattheycarryloadsmorecomfortablyandwithlesseffortthantheydoordinarybackpacks.Becauseofthatsurprisingadvantage，Romeplanstocommercializebothelectricandnon-electricversionsofthebackpack.

　　Thebackpackcouldbeespeciallyusefulforsoldiers，scientists，mountaineers，andemergencyworkerswhotypicallycarryheavybackpacks.Fortherestofus，power-generatingbackpackscouldmakeitpossibletowalk，playvideogames，watchTV，andlistentomusic，allatthesametime.Electricity-generatingpacksaren’tonthemarketyet，butifyoudogetoneeventually，justmakesuretolookbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet!

　　词汇:

　　backpack/5bAkpAk/n.背包watt/wCt/n.瓦（特）

　　receiver/ri5si:

vE（r）/n.接收机gait/eit/n.步态，步法

　　night-visiongoggle夜视镜oscillation/7Csi5leiFEn/n.摆动

　　spring/spriN/n.弹簧commercialize/kE5mE:

FElaiz/v.商业化

　　vertical/5vE:

tikEl/adj.垂直的mountaineer/7maunti5niE（r