高考英语课标1卷Word下载.docx
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AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.
RachelCarson(1907—1964)
Ifitweren
tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld
slakesandoceans.
SandraDayO
Connor(1930—present)
WhenSandraDayO
ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O
Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.
RosaParks(1913—2005)
OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.
21.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?
A.Hersocialwork.
B.Herteachingskills.
C.Hereffortstowinaprize.
D.Hercommunitybackground.
22.WhatwasthereasonforO
Connor
sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?
A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.
B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.
C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.
D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.
23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?
A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.
C.SandraDayO
Connor.D.RosaParks.
24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?
A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.
C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.
B
GrandparentsAnsweraCall
Asathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththeirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.
NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadultchildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama
smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudyby,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson
sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama
sfamily.
“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn
tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou
reraisingchildren.”
Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.
25.WhywasGarza
smoveasuccess?
A.Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.
B.Itimprovedherlivingconditions.
C.Itenabledhertomakemorefriends.
D.Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.
26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson
sdecision?
A.17%expressedtheirsupportforit.
B.Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.
C.83%believedithadabadinfluence.
D.Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.
27.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?
A.Theywereunsureofthemselves.
B.Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.
C.Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.
D.Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.
28.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?
A.Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown.
B.Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.
C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.
D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.
C
IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I
vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI
vegottwoicepacksandthat
showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we
vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.
IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:
“Well,I
mreallysorry,I
vegotsomebadnewsforyou—therearenoflightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:
“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient—please,please,you
vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.
Forthiscourierjob,you
reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou
vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody
slife.
29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?
A.providerB.deliverymanC.collectorD.medicaldoctor
30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?
A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.
B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.
C.Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.
D.Theicewon
tlastanylonger.
31.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?
A.ToLondon.B.ToNewark.C.ToProvidence.D.ToWashington.
D
Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;
thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(间隙)withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson
sneeds.
ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied(暗示)isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.
Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.
Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient
ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(治愈)valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.
32.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations?
A.Itimpliesanger.B.Itpromotesfriendship.
C.Itisculture-specific.D.Itiscontent-based.
33.Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulthought?
A.TheChinese.B.TheFrench.
C.TheMexicans.D.TheRussians.
34.Whatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutsilence?
A.Letitcontinueasthepatientpleases.
B.Breakitwhiletreatingpatients.
C.Evaluateitsharmtopatients.
D.Makeuseofitshealingeffects.
35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.SoundandSilenceB.WhatItMeanstoBeSilent
C.SilencetoNativeAmericansD.SpeechIsSilver;
SilenceIsGold
第二节 (共5小题;
每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.
Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears. 36 Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.
Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography. 37 Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehi