作文结构讲解Word格式.docx
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第二,弄清英语文章段落结构特点
英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成:
主题句+扩展句+结尾句
(1)主题句:
所谓主题句,就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。
它是英语文章段落的灵魂,在英语文章段落中居于主导地位。
我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山,所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。
其他句子都要围绕它而展开。
(2)扩展句:
所谓扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证的句子。
通常我们写扩展句所采用的方法是举例子(forexample,forinstance,suchas,acaseinpointisthat---)、列数据(accordingtotherecentstudy/survey,---)等。
(3)结尾句:
所谓结尾句就是总结句。
英语写作也类似于汉语写作,最后再把自己本段落的写作目的陈述一下。
但是在英语写作中结尾句毕竟还是少数。
因此我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构60%-70%都是由主题句+扩展句构成
另:
主旨句
作为主旨句就是英语文章的中心思想句。
英语文章一般首先用一句话概括一下作者的写作目的或意图,我们就把这句话称之为主旨句。
没有受过写作训练的考生是不会写主旨句的。
因此这样的文章就不能够称之为好的英语文章,自然也得不到阅卷人的青睐了。
很好的四级写作技巧(转的)
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1、了解篇章结构。
考试作文通常是3段式或者5段式,四级作文3段应该就差不多了。
2、文章的构成模式:
第一段:
文章中心句或背景信息+中心句
第二段:
本段主题句(注意衔接第一段)+分点说明(包括举例说明)+本段结论句(本段结论句不是必须要写的)
第三段:
引出结论(注意衔接第二段)
graph是坐标图,一般以线来表达函数。
e.g.linegraph,functiongraph
chart是图解,一般以图形表达统计数量。
eg.piechart,barchart
英语四级写作高分模板:
议论文的框架
发表于:
2009-7-30浏览:
128次来源:
华浦
(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)
Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat__作文题目_____.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat_观点一________.Intheirviewsthereare2factorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:
inthefirstplace,___原因一_______.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,___原因二_____.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people holdtheideathat___观点二_______.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand,___原因一_______.Ontheotherhand,____原因二_____.Therefore,there isno doubt that___观点二______.
AsfarasIamconcerned,I firmly support the view that__观点一或二______. It isnotonlybecause________,butalsobecause_________.Themore_______,themore________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)___作文题目______.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin__题目议题_____.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,___优点一______.Andsecondly___优点二_____.
JustAsapopularsayinggoes,"
everycoinhastwosides"
__讨论议题______isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,___缺点一______.Inaddition,____缺点二______.
Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof__讨论议题____intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe____讨论议题___.
(3)答题性议论文
Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)__作文题目_______.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.
Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,__途径一______.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis___途径二_____.
Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof___作文题目______,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,____方法_____.
(4)谚语警句性议论文
Itiswellknowtousthattheproverb:
"
___谚语_______"
hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans____谚语的含义_______.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)
Acaseinpointis___例子一______.Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb____谚语_____.
WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:
____谚语_____.Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.
图表型作文常用
图表作文:
图表作文提示部分包括图表和文字要点提示两部分。
图表的类型主要有:
圆形(饼型)图(piechart)、柱形图(直型图)(graph)、曲线图(chart)和数据统计表(表格)(table)。
图表作文的写作内容包括综合理解、客观详述和主观表达。
模板一
①总的趋势 ②图表具体描述 ③剖析图表所揭示的含义 ④理由一
⑤理由二⑥理由三⑦理由四⑧总结⑨前景预测
Ascanbeseenfromthetable,thepastdecadehaswitnesseddramaticchangesin①______.
While②_______.Itisobviousfromthetablethat③_________.
Whatcontributedtothesechanges?
Ithinkthereasonsareasfollows.Tostartwith,④______.Secondly,⑤______.What’smore,⑥_______.Lastbutnotlease,⑦________.
Inconclusion,⑧_________.Moreover,⑨________.
范文:
HowPeopleSpentTheirHolidays
Year199019952000
Traveling37%51%76%
Stayingathome63%49%24%
1.上图所示为1990、1995、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况,请描述其变化:
2.请说明发生这些变化的原因。
3.得出结论。
HowPeopleSpentTheirHolidays
Ascanbeseenfromthetable,thepastdecadehavewitnesseddramaticchangesinthewaypeoplespenttheirholidaybetween1990and2000.In1990,63%ofpeoplespenttheirholidaysathome,whilethefiguredroppedconsiderablyto24%in2000.Itisobviousfromthetablethatpeopletendedtobemoreandmoremobile,andtheywantedtogetentertainmentintheoutsideworld.
Ithinkthereasonsareasfollows.Tostartwith,withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,peopleearnbyfarmoremoneythantheyusedto.Thus,peopleareabletoaffordtravelingexpenses.Secondly,peoplethinkitimportanttogetwell-informedabouttheoutsideworldinthisnewerawheneverythingisonthemove.Traveling,ofcourse,isasurewaytoachievethisgoal.What'
smore,inthiscompetitivesociety,peopleareusuallyundergreatstress.However,itisnotdifficulttofindtravelinganeffectivewaytorelievepeople'
sstressandgetrelaxation.Lastbutnotleast,bytravelingoutside,peopleareclosetonature,whichisnotonlybeneficialtoboththeirhealthandpeaceofmind.
Inconclusion,peopleprefertogotravelingratherthanstayathomeduringholidaysforacombinationofreasons.Moreover,itseemsthatthistrendwilllastintheforeseeablefuture.
模板二
①描述图表②分三方面解释原因③下结论
1)Duringtheperiodfrom_______to_______,________rosefrom________to_______,while_______decreasedfrom_______to_______.
2)Webelievethatthreereasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.First,____.Second,____.Third,_____.
3)___.Wearehappytoseethatthingsarebecomingbetterandbetternowadays.Wecanimaginethat___.
HealthGainsinDevelopingCountries
1.以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命(1ifeexpectancy)和婴儿死亡率(infantmortality)的变化情况
2.说明引起变化的各种原因
HealthGainsinDevelopingCountries
Duringtheperiodfrom1960to1990,thelifeexpectancyofdevelopingcountriesrosefrom40yearstonearly60years,whileinfantmortalitydecreasedfrom200deathsper1000birthstoaround100.
Webelievethatthreereasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.First,economydevelopsquicklyindevelopingcountriesduringthisperiod,andlivingqualityimprovessignificantlyasaresult.Second,people'
shealthconditionsalsobecomebetterandbetterwiththedevelopmentofnationalhealthcaresystems.Whentheybecomericherandricher,theycaremoreaboutpersonalhealthconditions.Third,medicalsciencesalsodevelopatafantasticspeed,anditismuchsaferformotherstogivebirth.
Wearehappytoseethatthingsarebecomingbetterandbetternowadays.Wecanimaginethatpeoplewilllivelongerandtheinfantmortalitywillagainfall.[1996.6.CET-6]
模板三
①描述图表②解释图表③补充解释
1)Duringtheperiodbetween_______and________,________declinedabruptlyfrom_______to________,while________increasedsharplyfrom________to_______.
2)Severalreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwith_________ismuchcheaperandmoreconvenient__________.Apartfromthat,_________.
3)However,therearestillanumberofpeoplewho_________,generallyfortworeasons.Ontheonehand,________.Ontheotherhand,________.
FilmIsGivingWaytoTV
1.电影观众越来越少
2.电视观众越来越多,因为……
3.然而,还是有人喜欢看电影,因为……
FilmIsGivingWaytoTV
Duringtheperiodbetween1975and1985,film-goersdeclinedabruptlyfrom85,000toabout12,000,whileTV-watchersincreasedsharplyfrom5,000tomorethan100,000.
Severalreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwithafilm,TVismuchcheaperandmoreconvenient--youdon'
thavetoleaveyourhouseatall.Apartfromthat,youhavemanychoiceswhilewatchingTV,butafilmconcentratesonacertaintopic.
However,therearestillanumberofpeoplewhoenjoygoingtothecinema,generallyfortworeasons.Ontheonehand,theaudio-visualeffectofacinemaismuchbetter.Ontheotherhand,inaquietandcomfortableplacesuchasacinema,youcanconcentrateonwhatyouarewatchingandgetthemostofthefilm.
图表式作文写作模板
Itisobviousinthegraphic/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).AtthepointofX1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof……(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?
Mainlythereare……(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,……(第一个原因).Moreimportantly,……(第二个原因).Mostimportantofall,……(第三个原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraphic/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).
提纲式作文写作模板
1、对立观点式
A.有人认为X是好事,赞成X,为什么?
B.有人认为X是坏事,反对X,为什么?
C.我的看法。
SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个原因。
Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。
However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对