21世纪英语unit 6课文解析Word格式.docx
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vt.show揭示,揭露；
暴露；
（上帝）启示
◆Herevealedthathehadbeeninprisonbefore.
◆Thepianistrevealedherselfasamusicaltalent.
veil:
遮盖；
棉纱veiled:
a.带棉纱的，隐蔽的
veiling:
n.罩以面纱unveiled:
a.除去面纱，揭开面纱的
revealable:
a.可展现的
revealer:
n.展示者
revealing:
a.露出的；
启发性的，意义深远的
revealment:
n.泄露
3.dedicate:
vt.give,devote献（身），（时间，精力等）用于
◆MartinLutherKingdedicatedhislifetoCivilRightsMovement.
◆Thevolunteersdedicatedthemselvestothecharitywork.
4.prestigious:
a.famous,admiredandrespected有威望的，有声望的
◆Harvardisahighlyprestigiouseducationalinstitution.
◆AprestigiousPeacePrizeispresentedatOsloUniversity.
5.admit:
vt.stateoragree承认（事实、错误等）
◆Youmustadmitthatyouarewrong.
◆AliceadmittedfeelinghurtbywhatIhadsaid.
admitto承认
◆Headmittedtoalikingofrockandroll.
admitof有……的可能
◆Thisworkadmitsofnodelay.这个工作刻不容缓。
6.pursue:
vt.makecontinualefforttogain（sth.）追求，寻求
◆Studentsshouldpursuetheirowninterests.
◆Heplanstopursueacareerinpolitics.
7.prefer:
vt.chooseoneratherthananother;
likebetter宁可，宁愿；
更喜欢
◆Iprefercoffeetotea.
◆Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutside.
8.conform:
vi.followstandards,rules,etc;
comply遵从，顺从
◆Allthenewproductsmustconformtotheinternationalsafetystandard.
◆Studentscanbeexpelled（开除）forrefusingtoconformtotherulesofschool.
9.deprive:
vt.takeawayfrom夺去，剥夺；
使丧失
◆ManyChildrenhavebeendeprivedofanormalhomelife.
◆Shedeprivedlotsofpleasureofmeetingnewfriends.
10.adequate:
a.enough足够的
◆Thecompanyhastoprovideanadequateexplanationforitsactions.
◆Themenuisadequatetosatisfyallthepeople.
enough:
指满足某种物质数量的需要
adequate:
指数量和质量达到一定要求,强调没有多余.
abundant:
指数量多,充足有余.
sufficient:
指满足物质和精神的需要.
11.acquire:
vt.getorobtain取得，获得；
学到
◆Shehasacquiredae-mailaddressontheweb.
◆Hespentseveralyearsacquiringtheskills.
12.tease:
vt.laugh,makefunof取笑，戏弄
◆Don’tgetupset.Iwasteasing.
◆Mysister-in-lawusedtoteasemyhair.
13.rival:
n.aperson,agrouporaorganizationwithwhomonecompetes对手，竞争者
◆Hefinished25secondsaheadofhismainrival.
◆Thetwostudentsrivalseachotherinstudy.
14.average:
a.usual,ordinary平常的
◆Inanaverageweek,Idriveabout200miles.
◆Theaverageinflationisunder2.8%inthiscountry.
15.compete:
trytowinsth.incompetitionwithsomeoneelsevi.竞争
◆Youwillcompetewithothersforaprize.
◆Theprizewasopentoall,butfewcompeted.
competewith/against:
后接人，表示与某人竞争．
competein:
在某方面竞争
16.largely:
ad.toagreatdegree;
ingreatquantity主要地；
大量地
◆It’slargelyamatterofconjecture.
◆ShedonatedlargelytotheSocialWelfareInstitution.
chiefly强调质，largely强调量．
◆Breadischieflymadeofflour.面包的成分主要是面粉．
17.major:
a.greater较大的，较多的，较重要的
◆Themajorpartofthetownwasruined.
◆Thisisamajorquestion.
18.portion:
n.apartofsth.larger一部分，一份
◆Aportionofthemanuscriptisillegible.
◆Pleasegivemeaportionofpudding.
portion:
指某物所占的比例，份额
part:
指部分，无比例的含义
section:
指通过切割和分离而形成的部分．
share:
指分担，分享的部分，侧重共性．
19.cultivate:
vt.improve,develop培养，培育
◆Ihopeyouwillcultivateatasteformusic.
◆Youmustcultivateyourmind.
20.adapt:
vi.（to）changesotomakesuitablefornewneeds,differentconditions,etc适应
◆Youshouldadapttothelifestylehere.
◆Whenyougotoaforeigncountry,youmustadaptyourselftonewcustoms.
21.extent:
n.degree程度，限度
◆Iagreewithyoutoacertainextent.
◆Theextentofajudge’spowerislimitedbylaw.
22.insult:
vt.speakoractinawaythathurtsthefeelingordignityofsb.侮辱
n.remarkoractionthatinsults侮辱
◆Therebelsinsultedtheflagbythrowingmudonit.
◆Tocallhard-workingstudentsnerdisaninsult.
23.bededicatedto:
bedevotedto致力于，献身于
◆ThewholelivesoftheoldpeoplewerededicatedtoGod’sservice.
◆Sheisdedicatedtosocialism.
24.idleaway:
wastetimelazily浪费时间
◆Don’tidleawayyourtime.
◆Thetroopshadnothingtodobutidlethetimeawaywhilewaitingforashiptocome.
25.notleastofall:
particularly尤其
◆Thisfoodisbarelyenoughforonefamily,leastofallthewholevillage.
◆Nobodyoughttocomplainthishotel,leastofall,theVIPwhoreceivedthekindservice.
26.beheldupas:
beshownas被推举为；
被展示为
◆Shewasheldupasanexample.
◆Iwishhe’dstopholdinguptheelderbrotherasanexampletoemulate.
27.liewith：
应由……（承担责任）；
（作出决定）得靠……
◆Ourfaultsliesnotsomuchwithoureconomy.
◆Theybelievethattheresponsibilityforthefailoftheexamlieswiththemselvesratherthantheteacher.
28.doawaywith:
abolish,causetoend废除；
去掉
◆Wemustdoawaywithalltheshortcomings.
◆Theoldideasmustbedoneawaywith.
29.standachance:
havingthepossibilityofachievingsth.有希望，有可能
◆Doyouthinkwestandachanceofwinningthegame?
◆Ifyoubegintostudyhard,youstillstandachanceofpassingtheexam.
【课文详解】
PartOne:
Para.1-3－通过引出“呆子”和“怪人”等用词指出美国价值体系中存在的问题。
1.Thereissomethingverywrongwiththesystemofvaluesinasocietythathasonlyunkindtermslikenerdandgeekfor…（Line1）
该句结构是：
“Thereissomethingwrongwith”“that”引出定语从句，就是“society”
2.theintellectuallycuriousandacademicallyserious（Line3）
thosestudentswhohavegenuinecuriosityforacademicknowledgeandwhoregardstudyasaseriousbusiness.
The+形容词指一类人,在句中可以做主语、宾语等：
therich,thepoor,thedeaf,thesick,theold,theblack,themarried,thestrong
3.Itisarevealingfactaboutourlanguageandourculturethatsomeonededicatedtopursuitofknowledgeiscomparedtosuchafreak.（Line9）
该句的结构是：
“Itisafact…that”“that”引出同位语从句。
PartTwo:
Para.3-4－在大中小学的学生中流行反知识的价值观念。
4.Childrenwhoprefertoreadbooksratherthanplayfootball,prefertobuildmodelairplanesratherthanidleawaytheirtimeatpartieswiththeirclassmates,becomesocialoutcasts.（Line21）
“children…becomesocialoutcasts”“whopreferto…ratherthan…,preferto…ratherthan…”是“children”的定语。
PartThree:
Para.5-10－讨论美国文化价值观的改革。
5.Enoughisenough（Line30）
Somanyactsofanti-intellectualismhavebeengoingoninschoolsanduniversitiesthattheyshouldbestopped.
6.…ifweconstantlyputsocialskillsandphysicalstrengthoveracademicachievementandintellectualability（Line51）
Weemphasizesocialskillsandphysicalstrengthratherthanacademicachievementandintellectualability.
Thewordoverisapreposition,indicatingsuperiority,advantage.
该句中有一个比较难的条件从句“put…over…”意为“强调……超过……”
PartFour:
Para.11-13－美国社会中的反知识观念必须摒弃。
7.Ourfaultliesnotsomuchwithoureconomyorwithourpoliticsaswithinourselves,ourvaluesandourimageofagoodlife.（Line61-63）
Ourfaultlieswithinourselvesratherthanbeingduetosomeoutsideforcesuchastheeconomyorpolitics.
该句中有一个重要用法：
notsomuch…as…翻译为：
与其……不如……
as…as…像……一样
当表示两个事物在某方面一样时，用as+形容词/副词+其它部分
否定形式；
notas……as……或notso……as……
◆Heisastallashiselderbrother.他像他哥哥一样高。
◆Theyaren’tascleverastheyappeartobe.他们不像看起来的那样聪明。
该结构中可以转换为：
notsomuch/many+名词/词组+as……用来表示数量
◆Sheworksveryhardnotsomuchformoneyasforpleasure.
她努力工作与其说是为了赚钱不如说是为了娱乐。
8.Ifwearetosucceedasasocietyinthe21thcentury,…（Line65）
am/is/are+to的用法
当动作为人所控制可用该用法，但其用途是有限的。
A.用于表示正式的将要发生的指令/安排
OPECrepresentativesaretomeetinGenevanextMonday.
石油输出国组织的代表将于下周一在日内瓦会面。
B.用于禁止/公告
Youarenottotellheranythingaboutourplans.
（=Youmustn’t）
你不可以把我们的计划告诉她。
POISON:
NOTTOBETAKEN!
有毒，禁止使用！
9.pursuingknowledgetothefullextentofone’sabilities（Line69-70）
makingallpossibleeffortstogainknowledge.
10.Notuntilthewords“nerd”and“geek”becometermsofpraiseratherthaninsultsdowestandachance.
（Line71）
not…until…直到……才……
◆Shedidnotarriveuntiltheconcertwasover.
她直到音乐会结束才来。
notuntil直到……（才）是含有否定词的连词，放在句首这一新类型的倒装结构是：
notuntil（否定词组）+强调部分+助动词+主语+谓语其余部分+……
◆Notuntiltheconcertwasoverdidshearrive.
TextB
OurChangingLifestyle:
TrendsandFads
trend,escape,specific,rational,creative,commercial,additional,frequent,similar
in/outofstyle,go/beinfashion,outofdate,pointout
1.trend:
n.ageneraldirectionorcourseofdevelopment;
tendency趋势；
倾向
◆Crimeisincreasingworldwide,andthereiseveryreasontobelievethetrendwillcontinue
intothenextdecade.
全世界范围内犯罪率在上升，我们有种种理由相信这一趋势将持续到下一个十年。
◆Thetrendofmodernlivingisinevitable.
2.escape:
vt.avoid避免
（from,outof）getfree;
getaway逃脱；
逃跑
◆Hethinksthathewillneverescapethehardwork.
◆Threeoftheprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison.
3.specific:
a.fixed,determinedornamed;
certain特定的，特有的
a.detailedandexact;
clearinmeaning具体的，明确的
◆Ascalyskinisaspecificfeaturesofsnakes.鱼鳞状外皮是蛇的特征。
◆Therewasnospecificreasonforthequar
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