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-Whatarethemajorperspectives?
Howhasbeingidentifiedasmaleorfemaleshapedyourideasofwhoyouareandwhatyoushouldaccomplishinlife?
3
Culture
-Whatmakesusdifferentfromanimals?
Conductashortexperimentwhereyoubreakanorm(oneinwhichdoingsodoesnotputyourorothersinanyphysicaldangerorbreakanylaws)andanalyzepeople'
sreactiontoyou.Youshould:
1)Describeyourexperiment--whatnormdidyoubreak?
Howdidyoudoit?
Whendidyoudoit?
Where?
Whowasaround?
2)Recordpeople'
sreactionstoyou--didotherslookatyouoddly?
Analyzetheirreaction--whatwasthemeaningbehindtheirreaction?
Howdidyoufeelabouttheirreaction?
Didtheirreactionaffectyourbehavior(orwouldithaveifyouhonestlybrokethisnorm,insteadofforaclassexperiment)?
Whatsubculturesdoyoubelongto?
CompareChineseandAmericanvalues.
4
Socialization
-Howdoindividualsdevelopandlearntobeamemberofsociety?
-Howandwhydochildrendevelopastheydo?
5
SocialStructureandSocialInteractions
-Whatarethedynamicsofhumanbehavioringroups?
6
SocietiestoSocialNetworks
-Whatisthenatureofsocialgroupsandorganizations?
Writedownthreeexamplesofcategoriesandthreeexamplesofaggregates(donotuseanyusedinclass)
Howhaspeerpressureoperatedinyourlife?
Whatissomethingthatyoudidn'
twanttodobutdidanywaybecauseofpeerpressure?
7
Activity
8
DevianceandSocialControl
-Whatdeterminesdeviantbehavior?
Howareyoudeviant?
9
TheEconomy
-Howdoestheeconomicsysteminfluencepolitics?
Willtechnologyleadtoanightmareorutopia?
10
CollectiveBehaviorandSocialMovements
-Whatarethedifferenttypesofcrowds?
Analyzearumororurbanlegendyouhaveheardorafadyouhaveparticipatedin.
11
SocialChange
List3inventions
Willtechnologyproduceamonolithicworldculture?
12
Flex/TBD
13
Presentations
(2)
14
15
INBDue
16
Presentations
(1),CourseWrap-up
Grades:
Attendance/Participation–30%
Fourunpenalizedabsences(excusedorunexcused).-15%eachabsenceafter
IfyouattendeveryclassIwilladd5%toyourfinalgrade.
GroupPresentation–30%
Youwillworkinagroupofupto8studentsandpresenttotheclass,in30-45minutes,asociologicaltopic.Topicstochoosefromwillbe:
Race&
Ethnicity,TheElderly,Marriage&
Family,Education,Religion,Death&
Dying,andSex&
Gender.
-ComparisonofChineseandanEnglishspeakingculture(50)
-Prepare1-3Discussionquestionsfortheclass(20)
-30-45Minutes(10)
-Everyoneshouldspeakthesame(10)
-Creativeandinteresting(10)
InteractiveNotebook(INB)–40%
Youwillberesponsibleforhavinganotebookthatisforthisclassonly.Ontherightsideofeachpageyouwillrightthatday’stopicandnotes.Ontheleftsideyouwillcompleteshortreflections.Thiswillbecollectedtwice–onceduringthesemesterandonceattheend.ClassNotesareediteddownfromwhatiscoveredinclassandonlyincludesthemainideas.Specificexamplesandhowtoapplytheseideasarecoveredinclass.Theyarenotmeanttoreplacecomingtoclass.
Week2:
Whatissociology?
•Thestudyofsocietyandhumanbehavior
•Itisarelativelynewscience
WhatistheSociologicalPerspective?
•Thesociologicalperspectivesaysthatinordertounderstandhumanbehaviorwemustplaceitwithinitssocialcontext.
•Sociologistslookathowjobs,income,education,gender,age,andraceaffectbehavior
Thesociologicalperspective…
•Helpsusseethelinksbetweenwhatpeopledoandthesocialsettingsthatshapetheirbehavior
Howshouldsociologybeused?
•Tomakediscoveriesaboutlifeinhumangroups?
•Tosolveproblems(familyrelationshipstocrimeandpollution)?
Theory
•Ageneralstatementabouthowsomepartsoftheworldfittogetherandhowtheywork
SymbolicInteractionism
•Studyhowpeopleusesymbols(thingsweattachmeaningto)todeveloptheirviewsoftheworldandcommunicatewithoneanother
Functionalism
•Tounderstandsocietyweneedtolookatbothstructure(howthepartsofsocietyfittogethertomakethewhole)andfunction(whateachpartdoes,howitcontributestosociety).
•Wheneverweexamineasmallerpart,weneedtolookforitsfunctionsanddysfunctionsandseehowitisrelatedtothelargerunit
FunctionsandDysfunctions
•Functions:
beneficialconsequencesofpeople’sactions
•Dysfunctions:
consequencesthatharmasociety
•Manifest:
intentional
•Latent:
unintentional
ConflictTheory
•Stressesthatsocietyiscomposedofgroupsthatarecompetingwithoneanotherforscarceresources
•Conflicttheoristsaskthemselves,“Whobenefits?
”
Comparison
Perspective
UsualLevelofAnalysis
FocusofAnalysis
KeyTerms
Micro:
examinessmall-scalepatternsofsocialinteraction
Face-to-faceinteraction,howpeopleusesymbolstocreatesociallife
Symbols
Interaction
Meanings
Definitions
Macro:
examineslarge-scalepatternsofsociety
Relationshipsamongthepartsofsociety;
howthesepartsarefunctionalanddysfunctional
Structure
Functions(manifest&
latent)
Dysfunctions
Equilibrium
Thestruggleforscarceresourcesbygroupsinasociety;
howtheelitesusetheirpowertocontroltheweakergroup
Inequality
Power
Conflict
Competition
Exploitation
Week3:
Whatisculture?
•Learnedandsharedwaysofbelievinganddoing
Twokinds:
•MaterialCulture:
objectsthatdistinguishagroupofpeople
–Art,buildings,weapons,utensils,machines,hairstyles,clothing,jewelry
•NonmaterialCulture:
agroupswayofthinking(beliefs,values)anddoing(behavior,language)
•Nothingis“natural.”
•TodevelopourSociologicalImagination,itisessentialtounderstandhowcultureaffectspeople’slives.
Culture…
•influenceshowweperceiveandevaluatetheworldaroundus
•tellsuswhatweoughttodoandhowweoughttothink
•becomesthe“rightway”ofdoingthings
Ethnocentrismvs.CulturalRelativism
•Peoplearenaturallyethnocentric;
theyusetheirownculturetojudgethewaysofothers.
–Ourwayisright
–Positive?
Negative?
•Incontrast,thosewhoembraceculturalrelativismtrytounderstandotherculturesonthosecultures’terms
–Appreciateotherwaysoflife
Gestures
•Thewayinwhichpeopleusetheirbodytocommunicatewithoneanother
•Therearenouniversalgestures,onlyuniversalexpressions
Language
•Theprimarywayinwhichpeoplecommunicatewithoneanother
Values
Valuesarethestandardsbywhichpeopledefinewhatisdesirableorundesirable,goodorbad,beautifulorugly
Norms
•Expectations,orrulesofbehavior,thatreflectandenforcevalues
•Normscanbeenforcedformally(promotion,trophy,gettingfired)orinformally(smile,hug,frown,stares)
Subculture
•Canformaroundanyinterestoractivity
•Eachsubculturehasitsownvaluesandnormsthatitsmembersshare,givingthemacommonidentity
“Ideal”vs.“Real”Culture
•IdealCulture:
thevalues,norms,andgoalsthatareconsideredworthaspiringto
–Success:
hardwork,displayofmaterialgoods,academicachievement.BUTmostdon’tdoasmuchastheycan.
•RealCulture:
thenormsandvaluesthatpeopleactuallyfollow
IsthereaUniversalCulture?
•No.Althoughthereareuniversalhumanactivities(speech,music,games,storytelling,preparingfood,marrying,andchildrearing…)thereisnouniversalwayofdoingthem.
NewTechnology
•Anemergingtechnologythathasasignificantimpactonsociallife
•Itchangespeople’swaysofthinkingandhowtheyrelatetooneanother
Week4:
WhatisSocialization?
Howmuchofpeople’scharacteristicscomefrom“nature”(hered