公共英语五级考试试题五十.docx

公共英语五级考试试题五十.docx

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公共英语五级考试试题五十

公共英语五级考试试题（五十）

一、ReadingComprehension（共15小题,共15.0分）Readthefollowingthreetexts．AnswerthequestionsoneachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD．

第1题

  TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitive"attachment"periodfrombirthtothreemaysearachild'spersonalityandpredisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby'sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitentails,andmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealsoargumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.

  Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Forexample,insometribalsocieties,suchastheNgoni,thefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone-farfromit.Secondly,commonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadtodayifparents,care-takersfoundchildrenhadproblemswithit.Statisticalstudiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencarriedout,andeveniftheywere,theresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.Thirdly,inthelastdecadetherehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesofchildrenindaycare,andtheyhaveuniformlyreportedthatdaycarehadaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren'sdevelopment.Butteststhathavehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughacceptedtosettletheissue.

  ButBowlby'sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadto,say,morementalillnessorcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreearelikelytoprotestatleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreeorthreeandahalfalmostallchildrenfindthetransitiontonurseryeasy,andthisisundoubtedlywhymoreandmoreparentsmakeuseofchildcareatthistime.Thematter,then,isfarfromclear-out,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlycareisreasonableforinfants.

WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldBowlbysupport?

A Statisticalstudiesshouldbecarriedouttoassessthepositiveeffectofdaycareforchildrenattheageofthreeorolder.

B Earlydaycarecandelaytheoccurrenceofmentalillnessinchildren.

C Thefirstthreeyearsofone'slifeisextremelyimportanttothelaterdevelopmentofpersonality.

D Childrenunderthreegetusedtothelifeatnurseryschoolsmorereadilythanchildrenoverthree.

【正确答案】：

C

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第2题

WhichofthefollowingisderivablefromBowlby'swork?

A Mothersshouldnotsendtheirchildrentodaycarecentersuntiltheyarethreeyearsofolder.

B Daycarenurserieshavepositiveeffectsonachild'sdevelopment.

C Achildsenttoadaycarecenterbeforetheageofthreemayhaveemotionalproblemsinlatelife.

D Daycarewouldnotbesopopularifithasnoticeablenegativeeffectsonachild'spersonality.

【正确答案】：

A

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第3题

Itissuggestedthatmodemsocietiesdifferfromtraditionalsocietiesinthat______.

A theparents-childrelationshipismoreexclusiveinmodemsocieties

B achildmoreoftengrowsupwithhis/herbrothersorsistersintraditionalsocieties

C motherbringsupchildrenwiththehelpofherhusbandintraditionalsocieties

D childreninmodemsocietiesaremorelikelytodevelopmentalillnessinlateryears

【正确答案】：

A

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第4题

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTanargumentagainstBowlby'stheory?

A Manystudiesshowthatdaycarehasapositiveeffectonchildren'sdevelopment

B Daycareissafe,otherwisetherewouldn'tbesomanynurseryschools.

C Separationfromparentsforveryyoungchildreniscommoninsometraditionalsocieties.

D Parentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficulttodealwith.

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第5题

Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthewriter'sattitudetowardsearlydaycare?

A Childrenunderthreeshouldstaywiththeirparents.

B Earlydaycarehaspositiveeffectsonchildren'sdevelopment.

C Theissueiscontroversialanditssettlementcallsfortheuseofstatistics.

D Theeffectsofearlydaycareonchildrenareexaggeratedandparentsshouldignoretheissue.

【正确答案】：

C

【本题分数】：

1.0分

第6题

  Atmosphericpressurecansupportacolumnofwaterupto10metershigh.Butplantscanmovewatermuchhigher:

thesequoiatreecanpumpwatertoitsverytop,morethan100metersabovetheground.Untiltheendofthenineteenthcentury,themovementofwaterintreesandothertallplantswasamystery.Somebotanistshypothesizedthatthelivingcellsofplantsactedaspumps