金属材料基础知识文档格式.docx

金属材料基础知识文档格式.docx

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目录

前言.........................................................................................................................................4

第一章概述................................................................................................................................5

第二章金属材料..........................................................................................................................7

第一讲黑色金属...................................................................................................................7

第一节铁及其分类........................................................................................................7

1.生铁.....................................................................................................................8

2.铸铁.....................................................................................................................9

第二节钢及其分类......................................................................................................13

1.按品质分类.........................................................................................................13

2.按化学成份分类..................................................................................................14

3.按成形方法分类..................................................................................................14

4.按用途分类.........................................................................................................14

5.按金相组织分类..................................................................................................15

6.综合分类............................................................................................................17

7.按冶炼方法分类..................................................................................................17

8.按钢材外形分类..................................................................................................17

第三节中国钢号表示方法............................................................................................18

1.中国钢号表示方法概述.......................................................................................18

2.中国钢号表示方法的分类说明.............................................................................18

第四节板材知识..........................................................................................................26

1.钢板（包括带钢）的分类....................................................................................26

2.硅钢片牌号表示方法...........................................................................................27

3.电镀锡板和热镀锌板...........................................................................................27

4.沸腾钢板与镇静钢板...........................................................................................29

5.优质碳素结构钢板..............................................................................................30

6.专用结构钢板.....................................................................................................30

7.彩色涂层钢板.....................................................................................................31

8.船体用结构钢.....................................................................................................31

9.宝钢1550冷轧产品牌号命名方法.......................................................................31

第五节型材知识..........................................................................................................32

1.型材的分类.........................................................................................................32

2.型钢中大、中、小型的划分................................................................................33

3.热轧带肋钢筋.....................................................................................................34

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4.热轧H型钢........................................................................................................35

5.冷弯型钢............................................................................................................35

第六节管材知识..........................................................................................................36

1.管材的分类.........................................................................................................36

2.无缝钢管............................................................................................................36

3.焊接钢管............................................................................................................37

第七节不锈钢知识......................................................................................................37

1.不锈钢热轧钢.....................................................................................................37

2.不锈钢冷轧钢板..................................................................................................38

3.各种不锈钢的特性和用途....................................................................................39

4.世界各国不锈钢标准钢号对照表.........................................................................39

第二讲有色金属材料（非黑色金属）.................................................................................42

第一节有色金属概述...................................................................................................42

1.有色金属分类.....................................................................................................42

2.有色金属产品牌号表示方法................................................................................43

第二节铜及铜合金......................................................................................................46

1.纯铜...................................................................................................................46

2.铜合金................................................................................................................46

3.铜材...................................................................................................................49

第三节铝及铝合金......................................................................................................52

1.纯铝产品............................................................................................................52

2.压力加工铝合金..................................................................................................53

3.铝材...................................................................................................................54

4.铸造铝合金.........................................................................................................54

5.高强度铝合金.....................................................................................................55

第三章金属腐蚀基础.................................................................................................................56

第一讲金属腐蚀概述..........................................................................................................56

第一节金属腐蚀的分类...............................................................................................56

第二节金属腐蚀的形态...............................................................................................56

1.全面（均匀）腐蚀..............................................................................................57

2.孔蚀...................................................................................................................57

3.缝隙腐蚀............................................................................................................58

4.脱层腐蚀............................................................................................................59

5.晶间腐蚀............................................................................................................59

6.选择性腐蚀.........................................................................................................60

7.磨损腐蚀............................................................................................................60

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8.应力腐蚀破裂.....................................................................................................61

9.氢腐蚀................................................................................................................62

10.腐蚀疲劳..........................................................................................................63

第二讲黑色金属及其合金耐蚀性........................................................................................64

第一节碳钢和普通铸铁的耐蚀性.................................................................................64

1.耐蚀性能............................................................................................................64

2.影响耐蚀性的因素..............................................................................................64

第二节耐蚀合金铸铁...................................................................................................64

第三节耐蚀低合金钢...................................................................................................65

第四节不锈钢的耐蚀性...............................................................................................65

1.铬13不锈钢......................................................................................................65

2.铬17不锈钢......................................................................................................66

3.铬18镍9不锈钢...............................................................................................66

4.铬18镍12钼（钛）不锈钢...............................................................................67

5.铬20镍22~30不锈钢―20号合金.....................................................................67

第三讲有色金属及其合金耐蚀性............................................................................