全国自考00012英语一试题及答案.docx

全国自考00012英语一试题及答案.docx

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全国自考00012英语一试题及答案

D002·00012（专卡）

绝密★考试结束前

2019年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

（一）

（课程代码:

00012）

注意事项：

1.本课程考试时间150分钟，满分100分。

2.本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。

3.应考者必须按试题顺序在答题卡（纸）指定位置上作答，答在试卷上无效。

4.涂写部分、画图部分必须使用2B铅笔，书写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔。

第一部分选择题

一、阅读判断：

第1~10题，每题1分，共10分。

下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。

SettingEffectiveGoals

AvitalSchweitzer，17，isclearlygoal-directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.ThissummersheattendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia，SantaBarbara，forhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedinresearch.

Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearlystatesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinherlife.Duringherjunioryear，forinstance，shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennischampionshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.

Avitalsays，"InanacademicenvironmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself，IoftenmakeliststhatIneedtocompleteinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets，meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties，Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice，liketheInternet，myteachersormyparents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandardmethodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife.”

Whoelseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceofgoal-settingthanyourownfather?

Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWhartonprofessorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopicextensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwherewewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdobetterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."

1.AvitalwasastudentoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

2.Avitalisinterestedinresearch.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

3.Avitaloftenshareshergoalswithherbestfriends.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

4.Avitalwonatennischampionshipinjuniorhigh.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

5.Avitalwantedtobecomedebate-teamcaptainduringherjunioryear.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

6.Avitaloftenmakeslistsofgoalstofindwhichgoalisthebestforher.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

7.AvitalbelievesthatitisbesttosolveherproblemsthroughtheInternet.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

8.Avitalhasgainedfromherfathertheinsightsaboutgoal-setting.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

9.Avital'sfatherhasdonemuchresearchongoal-setting.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

10.ToAvital'sfather,aimingtodobestismoreimportantthangoal-setting.

A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven

二、阅读选择：

第11~15题，每题2分，共10分。

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出一个最佳选项，并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。

Whileyou'reinalift，waitingtoreachyourfloor，doyoueverwonderwhocameupwiththeidea？

Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafeliftsinbuildings.

LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient“lifts”weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraiseupwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.Theseliftswerepoweredbyanimals，peopleorevenwaterwheels.

ThefirstmodernpassengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKing'sliftwasinstalled（安装）ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony，andthenmenraisedandloweredtheliftthroughtheuseofropesandwheels.

Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800sduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesandmines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic（液压的）system.However，thistypeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings，althoughitbecamepopularbecauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.

Anotherliftdesign（andtheonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts）usesacablesystem，inwhichropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear（齿轮）system.Thesetypesofliftsareeasiertocontrol，andbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedtheextraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s，thesetypesofliftshadbeenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.

11.TheliftsinancientRome.

A.hadaclosedstructureB.hadacomplicateddesign

C.wereusedinagricultureD.werepoweredbysteam

12.Thefirstmodernpassengerliftwas.

A.raisedandloweredbymen

B.inventedbyKingLouisXV

C.builtforapublicbuilding

D.putontheinsideoftheKing'spalace

13.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,liftswere.

A.widelyusedintallbuildings

B.poweredbyahydraulicsystem

C.rarelyusedinfactoriesandmines

D.independentofthepublicwatersystem

14.Theliftbasedonacablesystem.

A