中考英语 语法专题突破 专题七 形容词和副词 人教新目标版Word下载.docx
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51
weakly/quickly/slowly/quietly
52
usually/ever/sometimes/never
often/ever/seldom/never
even/only/still/ever
词转换
77
safe—safely
83
politepolitely
构成
例词
与形容词同形
low,fast,late,early,much,deep,little,hard,only,back,just,well,enough,long,high,
slow
形容词后直接加ly
sad—sadly;
polite—politely
辅音字母加y结尾的形容词改y为i再加ly
happy—happily;
angry—angrily;
busy—busily
辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y
simple—simply;
terrible—terribly;
gentle—gently
少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加ly
true—truly;
due—duly
close
adj./adv.靠近
closely
adv.密切地
high
adj./adv.高
highly
adv.高度地
free
adj./adv.免费
freely
adv.自由地
late
adj./adv.晚,迟
lately
adv.近来
deep
adj./adv.深
deeply
adv.深刻/深入地
near
adj./adv.邻近
nearly
adv.几乎/将近
hard
adj./adv.努力地
hardly
adv.几乎不
most
adj./adv.最
mostly
adv.主要地
wide
adj./adv.宽阔
widely
adv.广泛地
分类
位置
时间
副词
一般放在句尾
now现在then那时today今天tomorrow明天yesterday昨天before前面ago……之前soon很快once曾经,以前atfirst首先atlast最后justnow刚才atonce立刻,马上
频度
行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后
twice两次daily天天,常常weekly每周,每周一次everyday每天everyweek每周everymonth每月always总是,经常usually经常often经常,常常sometimes有时ever曾经never从来不
地点
here这儿there那儿upstairs楼上downstairs楼下above上边behind后边everywhere每个地方anywhere任何地方
方式
放在不及物动词之后或及物动词之前
well好地,优质地badly坏地,劣质地fast快速地hard难地;
努力地happily快乐地loudly大声地luckily幸运地politely礼貌地quickly快速地really真正地safely安全地slowly缓慢地
程度
被修饰的形容词或副词前,情态动词或助动词之后。
enough修饰形容词或副词时须后置
quite相当,完全,十分rather相当,颇,有点very非常much许多alot许多alittle一点,一些abit少量enough足够hardly几乎不almost大多数
疑问
通常置于句首
疑问副词有when,where,why,how,howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar等。
疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。
关系
用来引导宾语从句,放在句中
关系副词有when,where,why,how等,关系副词常用来引导从句。
考查角度
形容词
比较等级
形容词最高级
healthier/healthiest/the
healthier/the__healthiest
形容词比较级
better/best/a__better/thebest
greater/morenatural/lower/moremon
34
difficult/toodifficult/moredifficult/the__most__difficult
副词比
较等级
副词比较等级
early/earlier/theearlier/theearliest
D.moreweakandweak
( )14.Lucydoeshomework________thanTim.
A.carefullyB.morecareful
C.morecarefullyD.themostcarefully
( )15.A100yearoldmanranamarathoninTorontoonSunday.Hebecamethe____persontopletethelongdistancerunningintheworld.
A.oldB.older
C.oldestD.moreold
( )16.Thepopulationproblemmaybeoneof______problemsintheworldtoday.
A.greatB.moregreat
C.thegreatestD.greater
( )17.(xx沧州14中模拟)—CanyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?
—It'
sverysimple.__________youwork,________gradesyouwillget.
A.Theharder;
thebest
B.Thehard;
thebetter
C.Harder;
better
D.Theharder;
【满分点拨】
一、形容词、副词比较等级的构成
1.形容词副词比较等级的一般变化规则
规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词末尾加er,est。
small
fast
quick
smaller
faster
quicker
smallest
fastest
quickest
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词加r,st。
nice
fine
nicer
finer
nicest
finest
以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节单词,先把y变为i,再加er,est。
early
happy
earlier
happier
earliest
happiest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词,双写末尾的字母再加er,est。
red
big
thin
redder
bigger
thinner
reddest
biggest
thinnest
部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more,most。
interesting
important
moreinteresting
more
mostinteresting
mostimportant
2.常见不规则变化的形容词和副词
good/well
best
bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
3.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
句型
意义
例句
as+形
容词/
副词原
级+as
两者比较,程度相同。
“as…as”结构前可以带表示程度的状语,像quite,almost,half,twice,nearly等。
Thisbookisalmost/nearlyasthickasthatone.这本书几乎同那本一样厚。
Hisabilityisnothalfashighasyours.他的能力不及你的一半。
如果形容词修饰单数可数名词,应用as+形容词/副词原级+a(n)+可数名词单数形式+as。
Tomisasgoodapersonashisuncle.汤姆和他叔叔一样是好人。
Thisisjustasgoodanexampleastheotherone.这个例子和另外那个一样好。
如果指同一个人或物,应译为“不但……而且……”。
LiMeiisasbeautifulassheisclever.李梅不但漂亮而且聪明。
notas
(so)+形容词
/副词原
两者相比,一方不及另一方。
Thisvillageisn'
tas(so)bigasthatone.这个村子没有那个村子大。
Ididn'
tdomyhomeworkascarefullyasyou.我做作业不如你仔细。
形容词(副词)比较级+than
两者进行比较。
Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.太阳比地球大。
Sheusuallygetsupearlierthanothers.她通常比别人起得早。
比较级+and+比较级
越来越……,多音节的用moreandmore+形容词或副词原级。
Sheisgrowingfatterandfatter.她越来越胖了。
Ourcountryisbeingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的国家越来越美了。
the+比
较级,the
+比较级
越……,越……,如果“the+比较级”修饰名词作定语,名词要紧跟在比较级之后。
Thebusiertheoldmanis,thehappierhefeels.那位老人越忙越高兴。
Themore,thebetter.越多越好。
Themoremoneyhegets,themorehewants.他得到的钱越多越想要。
具体数字(如倍数)+as…as…
是……的……倍。
Thecityistwotimesasbigasmyhometown.这个城市是我的家乡的2倍。
具体数
字、实物、
倍数等+比较
级+than
形容词与具体倍数等的比较。
Heisaheadtallerthan
I.他比我高一个头。
Thiscityisthreetimeslargerthanthatone.这座城市比那座城市大三倍。
形容词最高级+介词短语(比较范围)
(三者或三者以上)最……的。
Heisthetallestboyinourclass.他是我们班里最高的男孩。
副词最高级+介词短语(比较范围)
Heworkshardestinhisclass.他是班上学习最用功的一个。
河北中考考点精练
( )1.(xx梅州中考)Ifoverweightpeopleeatlessandtakemoreexercise,they'
llsoonfeelmuch________.
A.fatter B.older
C.biggerD.healthier
( )2.(xx南京中考)Lisawasstillveryweakwhenshelefthospital.Butafteraweek'
srest,shefeltmuch________andwentbacktoschool.
A.goodB.better
C.badD.worse
( )3.(xx保定8中模拟)—Thefishtastes________,wehaveeatenitup.
—Itiscertainthatshecookedit________.
A.good;
wellB.well;
good
C.well;
wellD.good;
( )4.(xx杭州中考)Mytimeinthemiddleschoolwasoneof________periodsofmylife.
A.exciting
B.moreexciting
C.themoreexciting
D.themostexciting
( )5.(xx广安中考)—Whodoeshomework________,Tom,JackorBill?
—Bill.
A.morecarefully
B.morecareful
C.mostcarefully
D.mostcareful
( )6.(xx温州中考)Ifelloffthebikeonmywaytoschool.________,Iwasn'
thurt.
A.LuckilyB.Suddenly
C.PolitelyD.Recently
( )7.(xx滨州中考)Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtogo________andbeclosetonature.
A.insideB.back
C.outsideD.off
( )8.(xx泰安中考)—HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglishstudy?
—Muchbetter.Idon'
tfeelitas________asbefore.
A.interestingB.much
C.difficultD.easy
( )9.(xx连云港中考)—Whyareyoulooking________inclassallday?
—BecauseIcan'
tfinishmyhomeworkuntileleveneverynight.
A.awakeB.asleep
C.sleepingD.sleepy
( )10.(xx石家庄42中模拟)—Ihatevegetables.I________eatthem.
—Buttheyaregoodforyourhealth!
Youshouldeatthemeveryday.
A.alwaysB.seldom
C.oftenD.usually
( )11.(xx聊城中考)Earthquakesalwayshappen________,soitisdifficulttoknowwhentheye.
A.hopefullyB.suddenly
C.usuallyD.luckily
( )12.(xx沧州14中模拟)—LinDanwonthebadmintongameagain.
—Yes,Ithinknoonecando________thanhim.
A.wellB.better
C.bestD.good
( )13.(xx天津中考)Let'
sopenthewindowstohavesome________airhere.
A.cheapB.nervous
C.carefulD.fresh
( )14.(xx南充中考)Roythinksheworksas________ashisfriend,Dan.
A.hardlyB.harder
C.hardD.morehardly
( )15.(xx重庆中考B卷)Icould________hearwhatyousaidjustnow.Couldyoupleasesayitagain?
A.sometimesB.always
C.hardlyD.clearly
( )16.(xx泰州中考)Ican'
thearyou________,somethingmaybewrongwithmytelephone.
A.carefullyB.clearly
C.quietlyD.slowly
( )17.(xx青岛中考)Thiscameraistooexpensive.I'
dlikea________one.
A.cheapB.cheaper
C.cheapestD.moreexpensive
( )18.(xx莱芜中考)—Look!
Theboysaretalkingaboutthemovie________.
—Theyalwayshavesomanyfunthingstoshare.
A.sadlyB.angrily
C.nervouslyD.happily
( )19.(xx南昌中考)Sallyusedtobe________,butnowshetakespartindifferentactivitiesandmakesmanynewfriends.
A.activeB.quiet
C.honestD.outgoing
( )20.(xx济南中考)WhynotgotoSunshineSupermarket?
Youcanbuyeverything______there.
A.mostlyB.widely
C.cheaplyD.heavily
( )21.(xx邢台中考模拟)Youhadbetterputona________sweatersinceitiscoldinthemorning.
A.thinB.cool
C.thickD.heavy
( )22.(xx保定8中模拟)Thebabyissleeping.Pleasewalkintotheroom________.
A.quietB.quietly
C.heavyD.heavily
( )23.(xx廊坊中考模拟)TomorrowisAnn'
sbirthday.Hermotherisgoingmakea________mealforher.
A.bigB.mon
C.quickD.simple
( )24.(xx石家庄41中模拟)I'
mnothungrybecauseIhave________hadlunch.
A.everB.never
C.justD.still
( )25.(xx衡水5中模拟)Wedon'
twanttospeakbadlyor________infrontoftheclass.
A.clearlyB.carefully
C.carelesslyD.properly
( )26.(xx沧州中考模拟)Mysister________goestobedearlybecausesheneedsalotofsleepeveryday.
A.alwaysB.sometimes
C.hardlyD.never
( )27.(xx唐山9中模拟)—I'
llnotbeJack'
sfriendanymore.
—Don'
tbeangry.He'
sjustso________,butinfacthe'
sgoodtous,youknow.
A.helpfulB.direct
C.politeD.brave
( )28.(xx承德中考模拟)Withthedevelopmentofmodernscience,it'
s________forustogetinformationfromallovertheworld.
A.slowerB.busier
C.harderD.easier
( )29.(xx石家庄质量检测中考)—Excuseme,wou