大学英语综合教程.docx
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大学英语综合教程
Unit1
OxfordUniversityistheoldestuniversityinBritainandoneoftheworld'smostfamousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.OxfordUniversitywasestablishedduringthe1100's.ItislocatedinOxford,England,about80kilometersnorthwestofLondon.
Theuniversityhasover16,300students(1999-2000),almostaquarterofthesestudentsarefromoverseasandmorethan130nationalitiesarerepresented.Itconsistsof35colleges,plusfiveprivatehallsestablishedbyvariousreligiousgroups.Threeofthefiveprivatehallsareformenonly.Ofthecolleges,St.Hilda'sandSomervilleareforwomen,andtherestareformenandwomen.
AtOxford,eachcollegeisacorporatebodydistinctfromtheuniversityandisgovernedbyitsownheadandfellows.Mostfellowsarecollegeinstructorscalledtutors,andtherestareuniversityprofessorsandlecturers.Eachcollegemanagesitsownbuildingsandproperty,electsitsownfellows,andselectsandadmitsitsownundergraduatestudents.Theuniversityprovidessomelibraries,laboratories,andotherfacilities,butthecollegestakeprimaryresponsibilityfortheteachingandwell-beingoftheirstudents.
EachstudentatOxfordisassignedtoatutor,whosupervisesthestudent'sprogramofstudy,primarilythroughtutorials.Tutorialsareweeklymeetingsofoneortwostudentswiththeirtutor.Studentsmayseeothertutorsforspecializedinstruction.Theymayalsoattendlecturesgivenbyuniversityteachers.Studentschoosewhichlecturestoattendonthebasisoftheirownspecialinterestsandontheadviceoftheirtutors.
Theuniversity,nottheindividualcolleges,grantsdegrees.ThefirstdegreeintheartsorsciencesistheBachelorofArtswithhonors.Oxfordalsograntshigherdegrees,diplomas,andcertificatesinawidevarietyofsubjects.
TheRhodesscholarshipprogramenablesstudentsfromtheUnitedStates,Canada,andmanyothernationstostudyatOxfordforaminimumoftwoyears.TheBritishgovernmentgrantsMarshallscholarshipstocitizensoftheUnitedStatesforstudyatOxfordandotheruniversitiesthatarelocatedinBritain.
Thecompetitionforscholarshipsandgrantsis,however,extremelystrongandthereareusuallystrictrequirements.Studentsshouldcheckcarefullythattheyareeligibletoapplyforaparticularscholarshipbeforemakinganapplicationasmostoftheschemesarerestrictedtocertainnationalitiesand/orprograms.
ThestudentsandstaffatOxfordareactivelyinvolvedinover55initiatives(2001),includingvisitstomorethan3,700schoolsandcolleges,toencouragethebrightestandbeststudentstoapplytoOxford,whatevertheirbackground.
TheuniversityhasbeennamedtheUK'smostinnovativeuniversityintheLaunchit2001competition,whichaimedtodiscoverwhichBritishuniversityhasdemonstratedthegreatestachievementsininnovationandenterpriseacrossthebroadestrangeofactivity.InthenationalTeachingQualityAssessmentexercisesfor2000,Oxfordwasawardedtopmarksinsixoutoftensubjectsassessed.
Oxford,StanfordandYaleUniversitieshaverecentlybecomepartnersinajoint'distancelearning'venture,theAllianceforLifelongLearning,whichwillprovideonlinecoursesintheartsandsciences.
ThemissionofOxfordistoaimatachievingandmaintainingexcellenceineveryareaofitsteachingandresearch,maintaininganddevelopingitshistoricalpositionasaworld-classuniversity,andenrichingtheinternational,national,andregionalcommunitiesthroughthefruitsofitsresearchandtheskillsofitsgraduates.
Insupportofthisaimtheuniversitywillprovidethefacilitiesandsupportforitsstafftopursueinnovativeresearchbyrespondingtodevelopmentsintheintellectualenvironmentandsocietyatlarge;andpromotechallengingandrigorousteachingwhichbenefitsfromafruitfulinteractionwiththeresearchenvironment,facilitatingtheexchangeofideasthroughtutorialsandsmall-grouplearningandexploitingtheUniversity'sresourcesinitslibraries,museums,andscientificcollections,toequipitsgraduatestoplaytheirpartatanationalandinternationallevel.
1.OxfordUniversityistheoldestuniversityinBritainandoneoftheworld'smostfamousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.(para.1)
牛津大学是英国最古老的大学,也是世界最著名的高等学府之一。
(简单句)
2.OxfordUniversitywasestablishedduringthe1100's.(para.1)
牛津大学始建于12世纪期间。
(简单句)
3.ItislocatedinOxford,England,about80kilometersnorthwestofLondon.(para.1)
它位于英格兰的牛津郡,在伦敦西北约80公里处。
(简单句)
4.Theuniversityhasover16,300students(1999-2000),almostaquarterofthesestudentsarefromoverseasandmorethan130nationalitiesarerepresented.(para.2)
牛津大学有16,300多名学生(1999-2000),其中留学生占将近四分之一,来自130多个国家。
(并列句)
5.Itconsistsof35colleges,plusfiveprivatehallsestablishedbyvariousreligiousgroups.(para.2)
牛津大学有35个学院,还有5个由不同宗教团体建立的私人学院。
(简单句)
6.Threeofthefiveprivatehallsareformenonly.(para.2)
5个私人学院中,有3个只招男生。
(简单句)
7.Ofthecolleges,St.Hilda'sandSomervilleareforwomen,andtherestareformenandwomen.(para.2)
学院中,圣希尔达和萨默维尔学院只收女生,其他均为男女兼收。
(并列句)
8.AtOxford,eachcollegeisacorporatebodydistinctfromtheuniversityandisgovernedbyitsownheadandfellows.(para.3)
牛津的每个学院都是独立于大学的实体,由该学院的院长和管委会成员负责管理。
(简单句)
9.Mostfellowsarecollegeinstructorscalledtutors,andtherestareuniversityprofessorsandlecturers.(para.3)
大部分管委会成员都是学院教师或称“导师”,其余的是大学教授和讲师。
(并列句)
10.Eachcollegemanagesitsownbuildingsandproperty,electsitsownfellows,andselectsandadmitsitsownundergraduatestudents.(para.3)
每个学院管理自己的房产和资产,遴选自己的管委会,选择和招收自己的本科生。
(简单句)
11.Theuniversityprovidessomelibraries,laboratories,andotherfacilities,butthecollegestakeprimaryresponsibilityfortheteachingandwell-beingoftheirstudents.(para.3)
大学提供某些图书馆、实验室和其他设施,但教学和学生生活主要由各学院负责。
(并列句)
12.EachstudentatOxfordisassignedtoatutor,whosupervisesthestudent'sprogramofstudy,primarilythroughtutorials.(para.4)
牛津大学给每个学生配一个导师,主要通过导师制监督学生的学习。
(复合句)
13.Tutorialsareweeklymeetingsofoneortwostudentswiththeirtutor.(para.4)
导师每周和1到2名学生见面一次。
(简单句)
14.Studentsmayseeothertutorsforspecializedinstruction.(para.4)
学生如需专业指导,还可以去约见其他的导师
(简单句)
15.Theymayalsoattendlecturesgivenbyuniversityteachers.(para.4)
也可选听大学老师讲授的课程。
(简单句)
16.Studentschoosewhichlecturestoattendonthebasisoftheirownspecialinterestsandontheadviceoftheirtutors.(para.4)
学生选听什么课程是根据自己的兴趣和导师的建议而定的。
(简单句)
17.Theuniversity,nottheindividualcolleges,grantsdegrees.(para.5)
学位由大学授予,而不是各个学院。
(简单句)
18.ThefirstdegreeintheartsorsciencesistheBachelorofArtswithhonors.(para.5)
最低人文或科学学位就是荣誉学士。
(简单句)
19.Oxfordalsograntshigherdegrees,diplomas,andcertificatesinawidevarietyofsubjects.(para.5)
牛津还授予更高的学位,颁发文凭和证书,涉及众多学科。
(简单句)
20.TheRhodesscholarshipprogramenablesstudentsfromtheUnitedStates,Canada,andmanyothernationstostudyatOxfordforaminimumoftwoyears.(para.6)
罗德奖学金面向美国、加拿大和很多其他国家的学生,为其提供至少两年的牛津学习费用。
(简单句)
21.TheBritishgovernmentgrantsMarshallscholarshipstocitizensoftheUnitedStatesforstudyatOxfordandotheruniversitiesthatarelocatedinBritain.(para.6)
英国政府为在牛津和其他英国境内的大学里求学的美国公民提供“马歇尔奖学金”。
(复合句)
22.Thecompetitionforscholarshipsandgrantsis,however,extremelystrongandthereareusuallystrictrequirements.(para.7)
然而,奖学金和助学金的竞争极其激烈,而且通常要求很严。
(并列句)
23.Studentsshouldcheckcarefullythattheyareeligibletoapplyforaparticularscholarshipbeforemakinganapplicationasmostoftheschemesarerestrictedtocertainnationalitiesand/orprograms.(para.7)
学生们在申请某一项奖学金之前应仔细核查是否有资格,因为多数奖学金对学生国籍和(或)课程都有限制。
(复合句)
24.ThestudentsandstaffatOxfordareactivelyinvolvedinover55initiatives(2001),includingvisitstomorethan3,700schoolsandcolleges,toencouragethebrightestandbeststudentstoapplytoOxford,whatevertheirbackground.(para.8)
牛津师生员工积极参与倡议活动,2001年的提案有55多项,包括走访3,700所中学,以鼓励优秀学生报考牛津大学,而不管其背景如何。
(简单句)
25.TheuniversityhasbeennamedtheUK'smostinnovativeuniversityintheLaunchit2001competition,whichaimedtodiscoverwhichBritishuniversityhasdemonstratedthegreatestachievementsininnovationandenterpriseacrossthebroadestrangeofactivity.(para.9)
在2001年度的“创新杯”竞赛中牛津大学被授予英国最具创新精神的大学称号。
该竞赛旨在发现哪一所英国大学在最广的领域内取得了改革创新和不断进取的最大成就。
(复合句)
26.InthenationalTeachingQualityAssessmentexercisesfor2000,Oxfordwasawardedtopmarksinsixoutoftensubjectsassessed.(para.9)
在2000年全国教学质量评估中,牛津在所评估的10个科目中有6科得分高居榜首。
(简单句)
27.Oxford,StanfordandYaleUniversitieshaverecentlybecomepartnersinajoint'distancelearning'venture,theAllianceforLifelongLearning,whichwillprovideonlinecoursesintheartsandsciences.(para.10)
牛津、斯坦福和耶鲁三所大学最近合作开发了“远程学习”项目,称为“终生学习联盟”,将提供人文和科学科目的在线课程。
(复合句)
28.ThemissionofOxfordistoaimatachievingandmaintainingexcellenceineveryareaofitsteachingandresearch,maintaininganddevelopingitshistoricalpositionasaworld-classuniversity,andenrichingtheinternational,national,andregionalcommunitiesthroughthefruitsofitsresearchandtheskillsofitsgraduates.(para.11)
牛津的使命是在教学和研究的各个领域达到并保持领先地位,保持和发展其世界名校的历史地位,通过其研究成果和毕业生的技能促进全球、全国和地区的发展
(简单句)
29.Insupportofthisaimtheuniversitywillprovidethefacilitiesandsupportforitsstafftopursueinnovativeresearchbyrespondingtodevelopmentsintheintellectualenvironmentandsocietyatlarge;andpromotechallengingandrigorousteachingwhichbenefitsfromafruitfulinteractionwiththeresearchenvironment,facilitatingtheexchangeofideasthroughtutorialsandsmall-grouplearningandexploitingtheUniver