OnAdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheChineseandAmericaWord文档下载推荐.docx

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专业年级:

09级英语教育专升本（１）班　

姓名:

学号:

0

指导教师:

2011年4月20日

OnAdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheChineseandAmericanFamilyEducation

中美家庭教育的得失探析

SchoolorDepartment:

CollegeofForeignLanguages

GradeandSpecialty:

2009,EnglishEducation

Name:

OuEnning

Advisor:

ShanManju（Professor）

April20,2011

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本人郑重声明：

所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在指导老师指导下取得的研究成果。

除了文中特别加以注释和致谢的地方外，论文（设计）中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写的研究成果。

与本研究成果相关的所有人所做出的任何贡献均已在论文（设计）中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。

签名：

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Acknowledgements

Withthecompositionofthethesiscomingtoanend,Ihaveatlastobtainedanopportunitytoexpressmygratitudetomysupervisor,ShanManju,whohasnotonlygivenmehergenerousandinstructiveadvice,andvaluablematerials,butalsospentmuchtimereadingandcorrectingthemanuscriptofthethesis.Besides,someteachers’constantencouragementandhelpduringmystudyherecouldnotbeunderestimatedforthefulfillmentofthisthesis.

IamalsothankfultotheotherteachersofourCollegeofForeignLanguage,whosecoursesIhaveattendedandfromwhomIhavelearnedmuch.

Iwouldalsoliketoacknowledgemydeepindebtednesstomyparentswhosparenopainsbringingmeup.

Abstract

SincetheReformandOpening-up,theworldwideconcerningwitheducationhasbeenuptoanunprecedentedlevel.Astheprimarystageofeducation,theimportanceoffamilyeducationshouldnotbeignored.Familyeducationisgreatlyrelatedtoaperson’slife.Nowadays,socialdevelopmentneedshigh-qualifiedtalentsandgoodfamilyeducationisthekeypointtothehigh-qualifiedtalents.Inthesocietywithrapideconomicdevelopmentandagreatmanyone-child-families,inChina,manyproblemsaboutfamilyeducationhaveemerged.Meanwhile,exploringtheeducationaltheories,manyeducatorsattempttosolvetheseproblemsbyreferringtothefamilyeducationsystemsofdevelopedcountries.ThefamilyeducationsystemofAmericanfamiliesisanappropriatereference.Thisthesisfirstintroducesthedefinitionoffamilyeducation.Second,thisthesispointsoutthemainproblemsintoday’sChinesefamilyeducation.Third,thisthesispointsoutthedifferentfamilyeducationbetweenChinaandAmerica（mainlyinaspectsoffamilyeducation’scontents,aimsandmethods）.Throughcontrast,thethesisexploresthereasonsofthesedifferences.Finally,thethesisputsforwardsomemethodsthatsuittoChinesefamilyeducation.

KeyWords:

ChineseandAmericanfamilyeducation;

advantagesanddisadvantages;

comparisonandcontrast

摘要

自改革开放以来，教育在世界范围内的重视达到了空前的高度。

作为教育的最初级阶段，家庭教育的重要作用是毋庸置疑的。

家庭教育的成功与否关乎一个人的一生。

现在社会的发展需要高素质的人才，而良好的家庭教育的确是培养高素质人才最关键的起点。

随着中国经济的快速发展与独生子女家庭数量的不断增加，越来越多的家庭教育问题出现了。

众多教育学者在进行理论探究的同时，都试图参照西方发达国家家庭教育的经验来解决我们的家庭教育问题。

其中美国的家庭教育是个很好的参照。

本文首先从介绍家庭教育的定义入手,然后指出中国家庭教育存在的主要问题,接着对中美两国家庭教育的相关方面（主要是家教内容,家教目的和家教方法）进行对比，这里所说的家庭教育的目的就是通过家庭教育要把受教育者培养成什么样的人，教育的内容和方法都很需要根据目的去选择。

根据这些因素的比较，归纳分析形成两国家庭教育差异的原因。

最后通过对比中美两国的家庭教育,取其精华去其糟粕,提出几点适合中国的家庭教育方法。

关键词：

中美家庭教育；

得失；

对比

TableofContents

Chapter1Introduction

Fromancienttimestomoderntimes,familyeducationhasbeenplayinganimportantroleinthenationaleducation.Agreatman-DengXiaopingoncesaid,“Thebasisofacountry'

smodernizationliesintalents,thebasisoftalentsliesineducation,andthebasisofeducationliesinfamily.Chinaisacountrywithemphasisonthefamilyeducation.”Thefamilyeducation,theschooleducationandthesocialeducationarethethreebigpropsofeducation.Theyareindispensable.Nowadays,increasingattentionhasbeenpaidtofamilyeducationbythemodernsociety,anditbecomesahotspotofsociety,whichiscloselyrelatedtotensofthousandsoffamilies'

vitalbenefitsandurgentneeds.Inordertofindabetterwaytoeducateourchildren,weshouldstudyanduseothercountries’experienceforreference.Therearemanytypesoffamilyeducationintheworld,andAmericanfamilyeducationisamongthemostfamous.SoitisnecessaryandsignificanttomakeacomparisonofthedifferencesoffamilyeducationbetweenAmericaandChina.ThisthesisistocompareandcontrastChinesefamilyeducationandAmericanfamilyeducationsuperficially,whichmayoffersomesuggestionstoChinesefamilyeducation.

Chapter2TheDefinitionofFamilyEducation

Inthedictionary,thedefinitionoffamilyeducationis:

Parentsoreldergenerationeducatethechildorteenagerinfamily.Differentsocietyneedsdifferentfamilyeducation. 

Familyeducationisthewaythatparentseducatetheirchildren;

itisanimportantpartofthewholeeducationsystem.Forthesakeofthechangingsituation,thedefinitionoffamilyeducationshouldbeextendedasfollows:

“（A）Familyeducationisnotonlytheactionoffamilybutalsotheconcernsofthewholesociety.（B）Familyeducation’saimsarenotonlystudyingthefamilyrelationandlivingskills,butalsothephysiologyandpsychologyofeveryfamilymemberandfamilymembersall-rounddevelopment.（C）Familyeducationisnotonlythewaythatparentsoreldergenerationeducatethechildorteenagerinfamily,butallthefamilymemberseducateeachother.（D）Familyeducationisnotonlytheeducationofthepre-schooleducation,butalsolife-longeducation.”Actuallyfamilyeducationisaconceptwithrichconnotationsandwidedenotations.Itisthecontinuousandlifelonginfluencebetweenthefamilymembers.Itincludestheself-consciousorunself-conscious,tangibleorintangibleinfluenceonmultilevel,aswellasthenon-subjectinfluenceofsocialcircumstance,lifestyleandenvironment.

Chapter3MainProblemsinToday’sChineseFamilyEducation

Familyeducationisvitaltotheeducationofchildren,butinChinatherearesomeproblemsinfamilyeducationandtheyhavebadeffectonthechildren.InthispartIwilllistsomemainproblemsinChinesefamilyeducation.

3.1AUtocraticTypeofFamilyEducation

InsomeChinesefamilies,parentsrequiretheirchildrenshoulddowhatevertheywanttheirchildrentodo.Ifthechildrendon’tobeytheirorders,theywillscoldthechildren,evenworse,theywillpunishthechildren.“Aquestionnaireof300studentsinamiddleschoolshows:

Ninetypercentofthestudentshadbeenpunished!

”Theparentscan’tbearthattheirchildrendisobeythem.Theyrestricttheirchildren.Theychecktheirchildren’scellphones.

IndulgentTypeofFamilyEducation

Parents’loveisveryimportantforthepsychologicaldevelopmentofteenagers.However,inmodernChina,achildisprobablytheonlychildinafamily,andtheparentsgivetoomuchlovetothechild.Itleadstoasituationthatthechildcan’tlivewithouttheirparents.Theyseldomrunintotroublesbecausetheirparentshavealreadysolvedtheproblemforthembeforetheycomeacrossit.Thiskindofchildrencan’tgetalongwithotherpeopleverywell.Theyconsiderthemselvesasthemostimportantones.Evenworse,theymaynothaveenoughindependentabilitytoliveinthesocietywithouttheirparents’help.Whentheygotosociety,theywillfeeldepressed.“Inainvestigationof4000teenagecriminals,%ofthemreceivethiskindoffamilyeducation.”

CarelessTypeofFamilyEducation

Itusuallyreferstoparentswholackresponsibilitytotakecareoftheirchildren.Youngparentsareworkinghardtomakemoney.Theydon’thaveenoughtimetogettogetherwiththeirchildren.Accordingtoasurvey,thechildren,whoseparentsareindividualentrepreneurs,taxidriversorlaborcontractors,breakthelaweasily.Themainreasonisthatsuchparentshavelittletimeathome.Eveniftheyareathome,theyseldomputtheirheartsontheirchildren.Theysimplythink:

Iftheycanprovideagoodlivingconditionfortheirchildren,theirchildrenwillbecometalents.Thistypeoffamilyeducationisdangerous.Children’sthoughtisnotmatureenoughtojudgeallthethingsinarightway.Itiseasyforthesechildrentochoosethewrongwaytogowhentheygrowup.

BringingupbyElderGenerationShowingmoreDisadvantages

BringingupbyeldergenerationinChinameansmorechancetospoilthechildren.Thecommonsituationisthatchildrenareraisedbygrandparents.Inthisway,therearemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.Ontheonehand,thegrandparentsusetheconservative,stricttraditionalconcepttoeducatetheirgrandsonsorgranddaughters.Thisisn’tgoodforthegrowthofthechildren,becausethechildrenlikenewandexcitingthingsandtheydislikethegrandparents’traditionalwaysofeducation.Ontheotherhand,sometimesthegrandparentslovethechildrensomuchthattheywilldoallthethingsforthechildrenandwhenthechildrendosomewrongthings,theyevendon’tcorrectthem.Asaresult,thesechildrenarespoiled.

Ingeneral,Chinesechildrenshownegativetendencyintheircharacters:

passive,timid,dependent,etc.Inaword,theyarelackoftheabilityofadaptingthemselvestothenewsurroundings.Thesepersonalitiesarecloselyrelatedtoourdegree-orientedsociety.Childrenareexpectedtobetoiledattheirstudiesintheuniversitiesratherthantobetorturedinsociety.

Chapter4TheContrastoftheFamilyEducationBetweenChinaand 

America

Fromtheresultsofthefamilyeducation,wecanfind,intheprocessoffamilyeducation,althoughitisnotakindofsystematiceducation,itstillhasitseducationalaims,contentsandmethods.Theaimsofeducationarethemostimportantones,whichdeterminefamilyeducation’scontentsandmethods.

TheContrastoftheContentsofFamilyEducation

Theaimofeducationdeterminesthecontentofeducation.“Theconte