高二英语选修7 Unit3 Under the sea词汇知识点详解Word格式文档下载.docx

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高二英语选修7 Unit3 Under the sea词汇知识点详解Word格式文档下载.docx

刘翔是最受大众喜欢的人

favor喜欢,支持infavorof支持,赞成favorable赞成的,有利的,讨人喜欢的favoritism(n)偏爱,得宠

3witness

(1)v当场见到,目击Iwitnessedanaccidentonmywayhomeyesterday.

(2)v表明,说明Herflushed(通红)facewitnessedtheexcitementshefelt.

(3)v作证Nonecouldwitnessthathewaspresent.

(4)v为…作证常与to连用Hewitnessedtohavingseenthemanentertheroom.他作证说他看到那个人进入房间。

(5)n(C)“目击者,证人”常与to连用Thepolicefoundthewitnesstothemurdercase.Hewasawitnesstotheaccident.

(6)n(C,U)证词,证据,证明Hisraggedclotheswere(a)witnesstohispoverty.

Theoldmangavewitnessonbehalfofanaccusedperson.那位老人为被告作证。

onbehalfof代表/替…

相关短语:

beawitnessto是…的目击者givewitnessonbehalfof替…作证witnessto为某事作证说

4as

(1)conj用作连词可引导时间,原因,让步,比较,方式等状语从句

Ashelookedather,shemadeaface.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,hegotouthisdictionaryandlookedup.

Hedoesn’tspeakastheotherpeopledo.YoumustdoasItoldyou.Heisnotsodiligentasyou.

Youngasheis,heknowsalot.Child/Studentasheis,hehasagoodknowledgeofhistory.

Asayoungboy,helosthisparentsinthewar.Iwatchedherasshecombedherhair.

Ihavechangeditasyousuggested.IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.

Asyouweren’tthere,Ileftamessage.Ashehasbeenill,perhapsheneedshelp.

Tryashewould,hecouldn’topenthedoor.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.Leavethetableasitis.

(2)作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有such,thesame,as,so与之呼应,构成such…as,so…as,等

We’llmakesuchcomputersasareneededindifferentbranchesofscience.

Iwanttobuythesameshoesaswereadvertised.

(3)作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,as指前或后面整个句子的内容。

Asyoucanseeinthemap,thetwocitiesarefarawayfromeachother.

Aseverybodyknows,allthatglittersisnotgold.Asisknowntousall,TaiwanispartofChina.

(4)prep作为Youwillbewelcomedasaherotomorrowmorning.Shetreatshimasherbrother.

近义词辨析:

①as强调主从句谓语动词的动作同时发生。

Wetalkedaswewalkedonourwayhome.

②when侧重表示瞬间(时间点),主从句所述动作可以同时也可先后发生.

Hewenthomewhenhehadfinishedhishomework.(先后)Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport.(同时)

③while表示时间段或两个延续性动作同时发生Strikewhiletheironishot.PleaselookafterherwhileI’maway.

④because语气最强,着重说明原因或理由(其从句一般放在主句之后),在回答why问句时,必须用because不能用其他词。

Hewastiredbecausehehaddonemuchhardwork.

⑤since语气比because稍弱,表示关系上的必然结果,一般译成“既然,鉴于”(一般放在主句前)

Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourclass.

⑥as语气最弱,只说明一般的因果关系(可放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后)。

Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,hehadsomedifficultyinmakinghimselfunderstood.

⑦for是并列连词,不能放在句首,提供一种解释、理由或推断。

Theelectricitymustbecutoffforthelightwentout.

5.sort

(1)vt把…分类,拣选Sheisbusysortingletters.她正忙于给信件分类。

Hewassortinghisforeignstamps.

(2)sortout整理(好)Ihavesortedouttheletters.我已把信分好。

Hesortedouttheoldcards.他整理好了旧名片

Wemustsortoutthegoodapplesfromthebadones.

(3)n种类,类别Ahammerisasortoftool.Youcanaskhimforhelp---heisagoodsort.…他是个好人。

He’sthesortofpersonIreallydislike.Whatsortofpaintareyouusing?

(4)词组sortof颇为,有几分Ifeelsortofsick.allsortsof相当于allkindsof

近义词辨析①sort种类,在口语和商业语言中更常用,还可表示轻蔑的意思.

Thissortofquestioniseasytoanswer.Howdidyougetthissortofideaintoyourmind?

②kind种类,特指某种性质相同,具有极其相似特征的东西,适用于某种方法分类,并置于一起。

Heisthepersonofthiskind.

③type类型,在一般情况下,kind较笼统、模糊,而type较具体、肯定。

Doyouknowhowmanybasictypesofbloodthereareinall?

6.accommodation

(1)房间,住所Theaccommodationofthishotelisscare.(不足)

(2)膳宿(常用复数)Thishospitalhasaccommodationsfor600patients.

(3)accommodate向…提供住处,接纳(v)Thehousewillaccommodatetwofamilies.

相关短语:

(1)makeaccommodationsfor为…提供膳宿

(2)bookaccommodationatahotel在旅馆预订房间

(3)arrangesb’saccommodation给某人安排住处(4)accommodate…to=adapt…to使…适应

Youwillhavetoaccommodateyourselftothesituation.

(5)accommodatesbwith=supplysbwithThebankwillaccommodateyouwithaloan.

7outof

(1)离…一段距离,不在内Fishcansurviveforonlyashorttimeoutofwater.

(2)离开Hejumpedoutofbedwhenheheardthedoorbellrang.

(3)出于…动机Hehelpedyoujustoutofkindness.(4)从…中Pleasedon’tlookoutofthewindow.

(6)用,以(某事物)ShemadeaskirtoutofthematerialIgaveher.

(7)缺乏,无lack(sth),without:

I’mbeginningtofeeloutofpatience.我开始觉得有些不耐烦了。

(8)不出于outof后的名词所表示的情况,脱离He’sstillinhospitalbutoutofdanger.Myradioisoutoforder.

(1)outofbreath

(2)outofit不加入,孤立(3)outofdate过时的(4)outofcontrol失控(5)outofrepair

失修(6)outofquestion毫无疑问(7)outofthequestion不可能的(8)outofsight看不见(9)outofmind离久情疏

(10)outofline不协调,不一致(11)outofwork/ajob失业

与out有关的短语:

stickout伸出,突出pickout挑选出read/shoutsthout/loud大声念出/叫出bewornout=betiredout=giveout某人累坏了/筋疲力尽runout用完/尽,有宾语时加ofsellout卖完helpout帮助…

8beabouttodo表示即将发生的动作,意为“正要,即将”此结构不与具体的时间状语连用。

常与when连用。

ShewasabouttogotothecinemawhenIcame.Iwasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.

9comeon

(1)表示劝说,激励,不耐烦或催促等Comeon,we’llbelateforschool.

(2)上演,演出There’sanewplaycomingonnextweek.

(1)comeabout发生

(2)comeacross偶然遇到(3)comeout出来,花(开),出版(4)comeup走近,上升,发芽(5)comeupwith赶上,补充,提出(6)cometo谈到,总计为,达到,苏醒

10ahead

(1)adv向前,朝前Thewayaheadwasblockedbyfallentrees.Heranahead.

(2)aheadof在…前面,优于,胜于Shewasalwayswellaheadoftheresttheclass.她在班上总是遥遥领先。

Hisideaswereaheadofhistime.他的思想比他所处的时代先进。

aheadoftime提前

Youshouldhavetoldmethataheadoftime.HeisaheadofmeinChinese

 

11throw

(1)投,掷,扔,抛Throwtheballtoyouryoungerbrother.Hewasthrownintoprison.被关进…

Ifeltdiscouragedwhenhethrewcoldwateronmyidea.Shethrewherselfintoachairandbegantocry.

(2)匆忙或随便穿/脱Hethrewablanketovertheinjuredman.他匆忙给伤者披上毯子。

Shethrewon/offherovercoat.她匆匆穿上/脱掉大衣。

(3)惊扰,使不安ThenewsofFuBiao’sdeathreallythrewus.

(4)使某人处于某种状态Thebigfirethrewhundredsofworkersoutofwork.大火使几百人失业。

Theexplosionthrewthepeopleintoconfusion.爆炸使人们慌乱。

Wewerethrownintoconfusionbythenews.我们让那消息给弄糊涂了。

Hewasthrewhimselfintoteaching.全身心

(1)bethrownintoconfusion陷入混乱

(2)throwaway抛弃,浪费,拒绝(3)throwcoldwateron

向…泼冷水(4)throwoff匆匆脱掉,抛弃,摆脱(5)throwoneselfon依靠,求助于(6)throwoneselfintodoingsth

开始热心做某事(7)throwup举起,呕吐,丢弃

12grab

(1)抢,抓,抢夺Hegrabbedmycollarandpulledmebeforetheboss.他抓住我的领子把我拎到老板面前。

WhenIgavehimthechance,hegrabbeditatonce.Hegrabbedattheboy,butfailed.他想抓住那个男孩,可是….

Hegrabbedattheboy,butcouldn’tsavehimfromfalling.他伸手去抓那个男孩,但还是没有阻止他跌落。

(2)取/拿某物Grabaseatandmakeyourselfathome.随便找个位子坐,别客气。

(3)给某人留下深刻印象Howdoesthismusicgrabyou?

Itdoesn’tgrabmeatall.这音乐你喜欢吗?

一点都不喜欢。

13pack

(1)v打包,收拾行李Theypackedtheirthingsforthetrip.Allthesebooksneedtobepackedintoboxes.

Hetakesapackedlunchtoworkeveryday.他每天带盒装午饭上班。

(2)v挤满,塞满Thestadiumwaspackedwithchantingfans.热情的观众积满了体育馆。

Thebookwaspackedwithusefulinformation.这本书了有很多有用的资料。

(3)C包,捆,群Thegirllefttheroominahurrywithapackofclothesunderherarm.

相关短语apackofcigarettes一包香烟packsof大量的,一堆堆的packoff运走,打发掉packup收拾行李

apackofwolves一群狼apackoflies一派谎言package(n)包装,包扎packed充满的,打包的packer

14flee(vi,vt)逃跑,逃离,迅速消散,消失,破灭(fled,fled)Hefledhishometownduringthewar.

TheyfledJapan.Duringthecivilwar,thousandsofpeoplefledthecountry.

Hishopefledwhenhewasrefusedtheadmittancetothecompany.当他被拒绝进入这家公司时,他的希望破灭了。

注意:

Hefled(from)thatcountry.Heescapedfromthatcountry.Heranawayfromthatcountry.

escape

(1)用作及物动词时意为“逃避,躲避”

Inordertoescapebeingpunishedhemadeanexcuse.Inordertoescapepunishmenthemadeanexcuse.

(2)(从监禁或管制中)vi逃跑,逃走Heescapefromprisonthismorning.Twoprisonershaveescaped.

(3)(从不愉快或危险处境中)vi逃脱,摆脱Shemanagedtoescapefromtheburningcar.

近义词辨析:

(1)flee强调逃跑行为本身,含有“逃走,消散”的意思

Thevillagersfledaboutwhenthefloodbrokeout.洪水爆发时,村民们四处逃窜。

Hishopefledwhenhewasrefusedtheadmittancetothecompany.2

(2)escape强调逃跑的结果,即成功地跑掉了。

Inthewar,thesoldierescapeddeath.…那名士兵死里逃生。

Theymanagedtoescapefromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.

(3)runaway多用于口语,含有“不辞而别”之意。

Heranawayfromhomeattheageofthirteen.

15dragvi,vt拖,拉,扯;

C供拖拉之物,累赘的人或物Wedraggedthefallentreefromtheroad.

Herskirtdraggedonthefloor.她的裙子在地上拖着。

(1)dragbehind落在后面

(2)dragin扯进来(3)dragsbdown使某人沮丧(4)dragon拖延

①drag费力,缓慢而艰难地拉、拖较重的物体。

Hedraggedaheavybox.Hedraggedhimself/histiredfeethome.他拖着疲倦的步子回家。

②draw从容地拉、拖Hedrewthecurtainapart.他拉开了窗帘。

③pull突然、急速地拉,方式不限。

Hepulledthedoorandrushedin.Pullitup.

dragbehind落在后面dragin扯进来dragsbdown使某人沮丧dragon拖延

16annual每年的,年度的,一年一次的annually(adv)每年anannualevent/festivalWhat’syourannualsalary?

17abandon(vt)

(1)遗弃,抛弃Parent

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