句子技巧和词汇技巧.docx
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句子技巧和词汇技巧
合成形容词:
1.名词+Ving/ed
face-shockinggirl,nose-bleedingguy,mouth-wateringboy,money-makingtactics,fund-raisingproject,life-savingpolicy,ocean-going,earth-shakingchange,eye-catchingpicture,English-speaking,south-facing,Peace-keepingarmy,water-coveredland,man-madenose.
真题验证:
历年通用
Energy-savingapproach,thought-provoking/eye-catchingpicture
2001:
light-blinkinglamp
2002:
aluxurious-dressedAmericangirl
2005:
morality-losingchildren
2006:
Worship-absorbedyoungman,star-worshippingman.
2009:
Aninternet-addictedman
2011:
morality-ignoring/mindlesscouples.
作业:
限号的,浪费时间的,消磨精力的,高耗能的
2、形容词/副词+Ned/Ving/Ved
Good-looking,sorry-looking,ordinary-looking,far-reaching,easy-going,long-lasting,fast-spreadingdisease,swift-traveling,well-known,new-born,
Warm-hearted,left-handed,middle-aged,open/strong-minded,white-winged,cold-blooded,
真题验证:
adelicious-tastinghotpot,Hardly-imaginedpicture.
Ordinary-lookingpicturerevealsthefar-reachingmeanings.
Far-reaching/profoundmeanings深远的意义
hot-discussed/debatedtopic(热烈讨论的问题)
Never-endingoverfishing/pollution
作业:
广泛应用的技术,穿着华丽的女孩,
Widely-appliedtechnology,luxury-dressedgirl,
3、名词+形容词:
snow-white雪白的,day-long整天的,color-blindchildren色盲儿童,
真题验证:
Law-blindresidents
合成名词
1、形容词/名词+名词(中间有分隔,无连字符),普通名词组成的专有名词
Truelove,endlesslove,Deathpenalty,birthcontrol,laborforce,commonsense,generalknowledge,greenhouseeffect,educationalequality,Teamspirit,culturalheritage,foodsafety,informationsecurity,falseadvertisement,moralcriteria,
真题验证:
Hotpot,culturalheritage,informationage,educationalequality,
Socialharmony,harmonioussociety,greenhouseeffect,naturalresources
Commercialfishing,nationalcultureandinternationalcultures
作业:
历史文化,优秀传统,假日经济,自然文化遗产,网络经济,
真题验证:
2000:
commercialfishing,oceanresources,
2001:
darkplace,
2010:
hotpot
词汇技巧2:
各类修饰
前置修饰语
前置修饰语是放在中心词之前起限定作用的成分。
在英语中作前置修饰语的词有形容词、分词和副词
1、形容词作前置修饰语(类似于adj+n的构词法)
valuablebooks;sleeplessnight;Culturalindustry,
真题验证:
desperatefather,vividpicture,disabledman,deliciousandnutrienthotpot,culturalwealth,publicawareness
作业:
保护态度,
2、分词作前置修饰语(此项是重点)
一般用在从描写主题人或物的细节,如动作或状态
分词包括-ing分词和–ed分词。
它们都放在名词前作定语,但表达的意义不同。
其中,-ing分词表达的动作特征是:
在继续和主动;而-ed分词表达的动作是:
完成和被动
A:
-ing分词,如:
Thefollowingweekend,aturningpoint,asleepingcat,encouraging/inspiringwords,boilingtopic,
B:
-ed分词,如:
Theadoptedchild,desertedbuildings,boiledwater,purifiedwater,
真题验证:
2003年frozenflowers
2004年therunningboy,
2002年thesmilinggirl,
2007年thepuzzledgoalkeeper/striker
2010年theboilinghotpot
Increasingnumberofpeople=moreandmore
作业:
冻僵的花朵,被踢的父母,居住环境,驱动因素
Frozenflowers,kickedparents,livingenvironment,drivingfactors
3、介词短语作修饰语(常用:
with、as、)
●with+n组合.(表示随着,表示伴随和补充)n+with(表示附属关系)
Eg:
Youcangohomewithyourheadhigh
Withnohopeofaholiday,lifeisverydepressing
Withthecompanybyyou,mylifeshowsmoresunshine
Withallthenightschoolcoursesavailable,thereisnoexcusefornotgettingsomesortoftraining
真题验证:
2001:
thenumberoffishdecreasesharplytoonlyonewiththeincreaseofboatsin1995
2003:
Withfallenleavesandwitheredpetals,thisplantlostitsvigorinthestormandlightening
2004:
Withthedestinationapproaching,theboyfoundanothermatchwaitsforhiminadvance
2005:
Ouryoungareobligedtocareourparentswithone'swholeheart.
Parentsraisefamilyaswellasoureducationwiththeirhardworking
2006:
Withmorefashionfloodingintodailylifeandincreaseineconomicpower,youngmenaremorelikelytogetthemselvesinvolvedinthefashion.
Theso-calledsupergirlswithmanyfanschasingafterthembecomefashionablealmostovernight.
2007:
Withhigherpressurepeoplefacingcurrently,thelackinconfidencegivesrisetothedecreaseinself-belief.
2008:
Thosewithmorecooperativesensearemoreinclinedtoachievetheirpotentialgoal.
2009:
Withthepopularityofcomputers,peoplefromallovertheworldbecomenearerbyusingtheinternettocommunicatewitheachother.
2010:
Withthesupportofmoderncommunicationtools,theexchangeamongnationshasbeenincreasinglytighterthanbefore
The“hotpot”withanumberofculturalelementsinitrepresentstheculturalintegration
2011:
Withtheirtravelsgoingon,apileofgarbagehavebeencastedoverthewaters
历年通用:
WiththedevelopmentoftheChina’seconomyandsociety,itisprevalentthatanincreasingnumberofpeopleareinclinedtoenjoyatakeoutratherthanafinedinner.
●As+名词结构(作为/正如,就像/当……时候)
as…as平行结构:
Abeas+adj+asB
AsthepresidentofUnitedStates,Ideclaretheopeningofthe26thOlympicGames
Sheworksasaninterpreterinthatcompany
Asmoreandmorepeople,especiallystudentsjointheInternet,andasmoreformsofinformationcanbeconvertedtodigitalform,theamountofstuffavailabletoInternetuserscontinuestogrow.
真题验证:
2002:
as(作为)oneofthespecificexampleofculturalexchange,theAmericangirlintraditionalChinesecostumeseemssatisfiedwithherappearance.
2003:
as(时候)theshieldisremovedandthestormandlighteningcomesnear,theplantnolongerremainsitsblossomasusual.
2005:
as(因为)theolderparentsmayfallintothepotentialburdenforthechildren,considerableamountofthemareencounteringtheunfairtreatmentfromtheiroffspring.
2010:
Asthesymboloftheculturalintegration,thehotpotpresentsavarietyofculturalelementstothepublic.
2009:
Asthesymbolofthemodernsociety,internethasbeengainedgreatpopularityamongthepublic
2011:
Astheenvironmentalpollutionisbecomingmoresevere,numerouspoliciesmustbecarriedouttoputanendtothisproblem
历年通用:
asisvividlyshowninthepicture,wecanseethat
Asisshowninthepicture/graph/chart,wecanseethat……
作业:
作为希望和光明的象征,小桔灯照亮了普通人的心灵。
公式总结:
With+名词,(伴随和补充),名词+with(附属)
句法:
With+名词,主语+谓语+宾语(伴随义)
(名词+with)+名词(附属)
As+名词,主语+谓语+宾语(作为意义)
As+句子(当。
。
。
时候/原因),主语+谓语+宾语
词汇技巧三:
1.十二组必须掌握的近义词(回去加例子)
★必须掌握的同义词——大
largeadj.大的
tremendousadj.巨大的,惊人的
massiveadj.巨大的
enormousadj.巨大的
gigantic巨大的
colossal
Grand
Sizable
Vast
immeasurableadj.不可估量的
immenseadj.巨大的,无限的,无边际的
titanicadj.巨大的
Eg:
Theycostatremendousamountofmoney.
Wehaveseenmassivechangesinrecentyears.
Theirsittingroomwasenormous.
Theentirearealookedlikeagiganticrubbishheap
TheAtlanticOceanisimmense
★必须掌握的同义词——多
numerousadj.众多的
plentifuladj.许多的,大量的,丰富的(通常用作表语Peachesareplentiful.)
considerableadj.大量的,重要的
agreatmultitudeof大量的
anoverwhelmingnumberof数量巨大
ahost/bodyof一大群的
awealthof大量的,丰富的
Lavish
Sufficient
Abundant
Adequate
areservoirof大量的,无数的(areservoirofknowledge)
apile/clusterof
aquantityof
Eg:
weencounterednumerousdifficultiesinpreparingthepostgraduateadmissiontest
Hemadeaconsiderablesumofmoneyinrealestate.
Apileofgarbageareencroachingthesurroundings
★必须掌握的同义词——重要
crucialadj.至关重要的
essentialadj.重要的
leadingadj.主要的
pivotaladj.关键的,枢纽的
principaladj.重要的
Decisive
Critical
cardinaladj.首要的,基本的
vitaladj.关键的
authoritative权威的
Eg:
Thesenegotiationsarecrucialtothefutureofourfirm.
Theleadingmembersofthecommittee
Drinkingisaprincipalcauseoftrafficaccidents
Theyemphasizedthecardinalimportanceofsettingupsomepoliciestoaddresstheproblem.
Growthanddecayarevitalprocesses
Thesolutionsputforwardatthemeetingareofvitalimportance
Thisisanauthoritativebiography.
TherearefiguresofCPIissuedbytheauthoritativedepartments
Adecisivemomentinhislifecareer(举例:
人生四大喜事)
★必须掌握的同义词——观点
idean.注意,见解
attituden.态度,看法
outlookn.观点,见解
perspectiven.观点,想法
Sentiment
view
notionn.看法
beliefn.信念
pointofview看法
★必须掌握的同义词——做,引起
build/establish/erectv.建立
createv.创造
launch/originate/initiatev.发起,始发
produce/manufacturev.制造,生产
constructv.建设
causev.引起,使……发生
reason(名词动用)
giveriseto
contributeto
attributeto
ascribeto
devoteto
originatefrom
produce
Eg:
MJhadcreatedabrand-newworldofcontemporarymusic.
AlthoughthetechnologyoriginatedinUK,Ithasbeendevelopedinotherpartsoftheworld.
Unemploymentisamajorcauseofpoverty.
Drinkingisaprincipalcauseoftrafficaccidents
Theriseinpricealsogivesrisetothedeclineinsales
ThisincreaseincompensationpackagescancontributealottotheriseinCPI
★必须掌握的同义词——得到
winv.赢得(wintrust/support)
gainv.获得(gainprofit/confidence/experience/strength)
earnv.赢得(earnmoney/aliving/respect/admiration)
obtainv.获得,取得(obtainformation/permission/score)
attainv.取得,得到(attainspeed/degree/goal/position/status)
acquirev.获取(acquireknowledge/reputation/love)
securev.获得,把……弄到手(securejob/contract/deal/place)
Eg:
winthenumeroussupportsfromthepublic.
Wecouldgainlargeamountofprofitfromthisproject.
★必须掌握的同义词——给,呈现
offerv.供给(offersb.sth.)
providev.供给(providesb.withsth./providesth.forsb.)
supplyv.供应(supplysb.withsth./supplysth.tosb.)
donatev.捐给
Demonstrate证明
exhibit呈现
deliverv.传给
presentv.送给,呈现
awardv.赏给
submitv.提交,呈递
★必须掌握的同义词——喜欢,支持(用于表达个人观点时)
adorev.喜爱,爱慕
cherishv.珍爱,珍视
worshipv.崇拜
inclinev.倾向于inclinetosth./dosth.
tendv.易于,倾向tendtodosth.
indulgev.沉溺于indulgeinsth.
addictv.沉迷于beaddictedtosth.
Advocate
propose
votefor
bekeenonsth.青睐于
befondofsth./doingsth.喜爱做某事
beabsorbedin
Eg:
Thecollegestudentsarebecomingaddictedtotheonlinegames
2005年:
Astheyoungergeneration,wearerequiredtocherishthetimespentwithourparents.
2006年:
Youngergenerationisindulgedbytheirparents,whichletsthemmorereliableontheprotectionfromfamilies.
2008年:
★必须掌握的同义词——能够
beableto
belikelyto
bepossibleto