必修6 unit5 40min 限时闯关.docx
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必修6unit540min限时闯关
Ⅰ.完形填空
Thequestionofwhetherawarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Before1thisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesomerelatedconcepts.Conflict,2asoppositionamongsocialunitsorindividualsagainstoneanother,is3fromcompetition,whichmeansoppositionamongsocialunits4seekingtoobtainsomethingwhichisininadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotknowaboutoneanother,whilethosewho5inaconflictdo.Conflictandcompetitionareboth6ofopposition.Themeaningofoppositionhasbeenstatedasaprocessbywhichsocialunitsfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.Oppositionis,thuscontrastedwithcooperation,a7bywhichsocialunitsfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.These8arenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimited9,butconflictisn’t.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccurandisprobablyanessentialanddesirable10ofhumansocieties.
1.A.considering B.solving
C.tellingD.saying
解析:
选A。
句意:
考虑这个问题之前,介绍一些与之相关的概念是很有用的。
2.A.specifiedB.remarked
C.definedD.claimed
解析:
选C。
define“解释,下定义”,后面经常接as;specify“明确规定,详述”,例:
Theregulationsspecifythatyoumayuseadictionaryintheexamination.(规则明确规定考试时可用字典。
);remark“说起,评论”;claim“要求(拥有),认领”,例:
Doesanyoneclaimthisumbrella?
(有没有人认领这把伞?
)。
此处意为:
冲突指的是社会单位或个人之间的对抗。
3.A.variableB.distinguishable
C.variousD.isolated
解析:
选B。
bedistinguishablefrom“区别,辨别”;variable“多变的”与various“各种各样的”,后面一般不接from;isolated“偏远的,孤独的”。
4.A.criticallyB.approximately
C.independentlyD.costly
解析:
选C。
critically“批判地”;approximately“大致地”;independently“独立地,不受控制地”;costly是形容词,“昂贵的”。
根据句意可知,此处是指社会单位各自设法获得那些供应不足的东西。
故此处选C。
5.A.enterB.participate
C.fallD.have
解析:
选B。
enterin“登记(姓名,细节等)”,例:
enterinaniteminanaccountbook“将一笔账记入账本”;fallin“陷入”,例:
fallinlovewithsb.;participatein“参与”。
句意:
竞争者们可能彼此不了解,而冲突者们则熟识对方。
6.A.formationsB.classes
C.termsD.reactions
解析:
选B。
formation“形成”;term“术语”;reaction“反映”;class在此处指“种类,类别”。
句意:
冲突和竞争都属于对抗。
7.A.processionB.standard
C.processD.measurement
解析:
选C。
procession“游行,行列”;standard“标准”;process“过程”;measurement“衡量”。
由上句中的“aprocessbywhichsocial...”可知,此处与上句这部分结构完全相同,即可套用process一词。
8.A.accountsB.definitions
C.descriptionsD.explanations
解析:
选B。
account“叙述”;definition“定义,概念”;description“描述”;explanation“解释”。
文章第二句话提到“一些有关的概念”,然后作者分别介绍。
本题中用thesedefinitions“这些概念”,则与上文浑然一体。
根据句意可知,对这些定义的理解非常必要。
9.A.resourcesB.origins
C.sourcesD.materials
解析:
选A。
resource“资源,财力”,例:
Wemustexploitthenaturalresourcesofourcountry.(我们必须开发本国的自然资源。
);source可以指“发源地”,例:
thesourceofNile(尼罗河的发源地);source还指“出处,来源”,例:
Thenewscomesfromareliablesource.(这则消息出自可靠的来源。
)origin指“起因”,例:
theoriginofaquarrel(争吵的原因)。
material“布料,原料”。
由此可知此空选A。
10.A.matterB.element
C.eventD.coincidence
解析:
选B。
句意:
冲突很可能发生,它可能是人类社会必不可少、值得拥有的要素。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Peoplewhohavelosttheabilitytounderstandorusewordsduetobraindamagearecalledaphasics(失语症患者).Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomething11.Fromthechanging12(express)onspeakers’facesandthetonesoftheirvoices,theycantellliesfromtruths.
Doctors13(study)thehumanbrainhavegivenanumberofexamplesofthisamazingpowerofaphasics.Somehaveevencomparedthispowerto14ofadogwithanabilitytofindoutthedrugshiddeninthebaggage.
Recently,scientistscarriedoutteststosee15allthatwassaidaboutaphasicswastrue.Theystudiedamixedgroupofpeople.Somewerenormal;16wereaphasics.17wasprovedthattheaphasicswerefaraheadofthenormalpeopleinrecognizingfalsespeeches-inmostcases,thenormalpeoplewerefooledbywords,18theaphasicswerenot.
Someyearsago,Dr.OliverSackswroteinhisbook19hisexperienceswithaphasics.Hementionedaparticularcaseinahospital.SomeaphasicswerewatchingthepresidentgivingaspeechonTV.Sincethepresidenthadbeenanactor20(early),makingagoodspeechwasnoproblemforhim.Buthiswayofspeakinghadtheoppositeeffectontheaphasics.
11.解析:
作something的定语。
答案:
else
12.解析:
意思是“表情”。
答案:
expression
13.解析:
现在分词作doctors的定语。
答案:
studying
14.解析:
代替前面的power。
答案:
that
15.解析:
意思是“是否”。
答案:
if/whether
16.解析:
与some相对,“另一些”的意思。
答案:
others
17.解析:
作形式主语。
答案:
It
18.解析:
表示转折。
答案:
but
19.解析:
意思是“关于……”。
答案:
about
20.解析:
表示“较早之前”。
答案:
earlier
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
AresearchteamfromFinland,theUnitedStates,ChinaandScotlandishopefulaboutthefutureofforests.Sixexpertsinforestryscienceandeconomicssayforestgrowthisontheriseinsomecountriesandthenumberisincreasing.
FindingsfromtheForestIdentityprojectappearedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesinWashington.PekkaKauppioftheUniversityofHelsinkiwastheleadauthorofthestudy.ProfessorKauppisaysthefindingssuggesttheworldmaybeabletoreachaturningpointawayfromdeforestation(采伐森林).Manyexpertshaveconsideredthatimpossible.Buttheresearcherssayitmaybepossibletoexpandtheworld’sforestsbytenpercent,oranareathesizeofIndia,bytwothousandfifty.TheyusedinformationreleasedlastyearbytheFoodandAgricultureOrganization.TheUnitedNationsagencyreportedonchangesintheworld’sforestsbetweennineteenninetyandtwothousandfive.Thenewstudylookedjustatthefiftynationswiththemostforest.Theresearchersusedanewwaytomeasureforestresources.Theyconsideredmorethanjusttheamountoflandcoveredbytrees.Theyalsoconsideredforestdensity(密度),treesize,biomass(单位面积或体积内生物的数量)andtheamountofatmosphericcarboncapturedinforests.Thebiomassrepresentsallplantandtreegrowth.Theresearcherssaygrowingforeststockincreasedintwentytwoofthefiftycountries.Andso,biomassandcarbonstoragealsoincreased.TheresearcherssayforestareaandbiomassarestillbeinglostinsuchimportantcountriesasBrazilandIndonesia.Buttheyfoundgainsinothers,includingtheworld’smostpopulous(人口稠密的)nationsandthenationwiththelargestpopulationwhichhadthegreatestgains.AndtheysayIndiahasreachedtherightbalancebetweenforestedandnonforestedland.
Inpercentageterms,though,thestudysaysforestareaexpandedfastestinthelastfifteenyearsinVietnam,SpainandChinawhileitshrankfastestinNigeriaandthePhilippines.ProfessorKauppisaysthemainblocks(障碍)toforestgrowtharefastgrowingpoorpopulationsthatburnwoodforcookingfuel.Orsellitforquickmoney—orclearforestforcrops.Butanumberofscientistscriticizedtheuseofdatathatcamefromgovernments.Theysaysomegovernmentsdonotkeepgoodrecordsabouttheirforests,ormaynottellthetruth.
21.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Theworldcan’treachaturningpointofavoidingcuttingforests.
B.Itwillbepossiblethattheworld’sforeststoincreaseby10%to
Indiabytwothousandfifty.
C.Nochangesintheworld’sforestsbetweennineteenninetyand
twothousandfive.
D.Chinahadthegreatestgainsofforestareaandbiomass.
解析:
选D。
细节理解题。
见第2段倒数第2句:
Buttheyfoundgainsinothers,includingtheworld’smostpopulous(人口稠密的)nationsandthenationwiththelargestpopulation,whichhadthegreatestgains.句中的thenationwiththelargestpopulation实际上指的就是中国。
22.Whatcanbeinferredaccordingtothepassage?
A.Biomassandcarbonstoragereducewithgrowingforeststock
increasing.
B.Biomassandcarbonstorageincreasewithgrowingforeststock
increasing.
C.Biomassandcarbonstoragereducewithgrowingforeststock
reducing.
D.Biomassandcarbonstorageincreasewithgrowingforeststock
reducing.
解析:
选B。
推理判断题。
见第2段倒数第4-6句:
Thebiomassrepresentsallplantandtreegrowth.Theresearcherssaygrowingforeststockincreasedintwentytwoofthefiftycountries.Andso,biomassandcarbonstoragealsoincreased.单位面积或体积内生物的数量代表所有的植物和树木的增长;研究人员说在这50个国家中有22个国家的森林储存量在不断增长,因此单位面积或体积内生物的数量和碳的储存量也随之增加。
23.Theunderlinedword“shrank”inthelastparagraphheremeans“________”.
A.grewlarger B.becamesmaller
C.increasedmoreslowlyD.enlargedmore
解析:
选B。
猜测词义题。
shrink=becomesmaller“缩小,使变小”,与上文的expanded相反;见最后一段第2-3句:
ProfessorKauppisaysthemainblocks(障碍)toforestgrowtharefastgrowingpoorpopulationsthatburnwoodforcookingfuel.Orsellitforquickmoney—orclearforestforcrops.教授Kauppi说阻碍森林增长的主要障碍是迅速增长的贫穷地区的人口把木材当做饭的燃料烧;或者把木头卖掉赚些急用钱——或者为农作物生长清空森林。
24.Manyscientistscriticizedtheuseofdatathatcamefromgovernmentsbecause________.
A.researcherswereurgedtouseinformationfromgovernments.
B.allgovernmentsreallykeepgoodrecordsabouttheirforests.
C.anygovernmenthasprovednottokeepbackthetruth.
D.someinformationfromgovernmentscan’tbereliable.
解析:
选D。
细节事实理解题。
见最后一段最后一句:
Theysaysomegovernmentsdonotkeepgoodrecordsabouttheirforests,ormaynottellthetruth.他们说有些政府没有做好森林记录或者没有说实话。
25.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ABrighterFutureforWorld’sForests
B.HowIstheFutureforWorld’sForests
C.World’sForestsAreIncreasing
D.World’sForests
解析:
选A。
归纳标题题。
第1段提出全文主题:
AresearchteamfromFinland,theUnitedStates,ChinaandScotlandishopefulaboutthefutureofforests.Sixexpertsinforestryscienceandeconomicssayforestgrowthisontheriseinsomecountriesandthenumberisincreasing.来自芬兰、美国、中国和苏格兰的一个研究队对森林的前途满怀希望;六位森林科学和经济学专家说森林的增长在一些国家处于上升趋势,数字在日益增加。
B
Asforme,theComingofAgeCeremony(成人仪式)wasareallyfunandnicememoryofsenior3.Duringthatceremony,onestudentfromeachclassgaveaspeechonthetopic“Attheageof18”inpublic.Besides,therewasalsoasingingcompetitionamongclasses.Itwasindeedaprecious,impressiveandfunexperiencethatweworkedtogetheronthesong.Eachclassputalotofcreativethoughtsintoit,whetherondressesormusicalinstruments.Someclassesevenbroughtthesticksthatgaveweakcolourful