论文定稿.docx

论文定稿.docx

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论文定稿

学院毕业论文

英文新闻标题特点及翻译

（申请文学学士学位）

系别：

外国语言文学系

专业:

英语

学生：

指导教师：

外国语言文学系

二零一一年六月

ATHESISSUBMITTEDFOR

THEBACHELORDEGREEOFARTS

TheCharacteristicsandTranslationof

EnglishNewsHeadlines

Department:

ForeignLanguages

Major:

English

Candidate:

Supervisor:

ForeignLanguagesDepartment

College

June,2011

Abstract

TheglobalizationhasbroughtaboutinChinaanincreasingdemandforinternationalcommunicationinaspectslikeculture,economy,technology,andeducation.Peopleallaroundtheworldareeagertolearnabouteachother.AndEnglishnews,loadedwithhugeamountofinformationcoveringallwalksoflife,enablesustolearnabouteachothereasily.SotheEnglishnewstranslationisbecomingabridgeforthecommunication.

Generallyspeaking,anewsitemusuallyconsistsofthreeparts:

theheadline,theleadandthebody.Asanessentialpartofnews,theheadlineismetaphorawindowforpeopletomakeoutwhatthenewsisaboutataglance.Manypeoplejustwanttoskimandskipthroughthepagestogainaquickidea,sometimesgeneral,sincetherapidrhythmofmodernlifedoesnotallowthemenoughtimetoreadallthedetailsorallnewscoverage..Inthisway,agoodtranslationofEnglishnewsheadlinewillhelpthereadersgraspthenewsquickly,andso,makesitnecessarytosupplywithnewswritersapropertheoreticalguide.ThispaperintendstoproposestrategiesforheadlinetranslationbasedonananalysisofEnglishnewscharacteristicsandrelevanttheories.

KeyWords:

Englishnewsheadline;characteristics;translation;

摘要

新闻标题一般有标题、导语、主体、背景和结尾组成。

标题对于新闻就像眼睛对于人一样重要，他是新闻内容的集中和概括，它用简洁的文字浓缩了新闻报道中最精华、最值得关注的内容。

在目前的国际新闻报道中，英文新闻翻译占了相当大的比重，标题更被视作报道全文的缩写。

因此需要译者对英文新闻标题的特点进行深层次把握，在翻译时应兼顾措辞、语法等方面的特点。

同时运用各种翻译方法，力图准确理解标题意义，尤其是要透过字面理解其深层意义。

在不曲解愿意的情况下发挥汉语特点，以增强译文可读性，并在文化背景缺失的情况下，注意译文的可接受性。

关键词：

英语新闻标题；标题特点；标题翻译；

Contents

1.Introduction6

2.TheCharacteristicsofEnglishNewsHeadlines6

2.1ThelexicalcharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines6

2.1.1Short7

2.1.2Abbreviations7

2.1.3Voguewords8

2.2ThegrammaticalcharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines8

2.2.1Thetense9

2.2.3Theuseofpunctuationmarks10

2.3TherhetoricalcharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines11

3.TheTranslationofEnglishNewsHeadlines11

3.1Amplification12

3.2Conversion13

3.3Imitation13

3.4Theuseofpunctuation14

3.5Rewriting14

Conclusion15

Bibliography15

Acknowledgements16

1.Introduction

Withdramaticdevelopmentinscientifictechnologies,mediaareplayingasignificantroleinpeople’sdailylife,whichcrossthebarrieroftimeandspacetoprovidepeoplewiththelatestnewsintheworld.Livinginthemidstofinformationage,newspaperreadinghasbecomeadailyhabitformanypeople,becauseitisveryconvenientforpeopletolearntheoutsideworldandfreshthingseveryday.Moreover,newsreadingpromotesthecommunicationamongpeoplefromdifferentcountries,intermsofculture,economy,andtechnology,etc.ForChinesepeoplewhoareinterestedinEnglish,newsreadingcannotonlyserveasawaytowidentheirknowledge,butalsocanhelpthemtocatchupwithnewEnglishexpressions.AllthesetellusthatjournalisticEnglishhasplayedacrucialroletoday,bothinpeople’sdailylifeandpublicaffairs.Therefore,translationofEnglishnewsheadlinewouldshortenthedistancebetweenboththeEnglish-speakingandthenon-speakingcountries.Inthecompositionofnews,headlineisthepartandparcel.Owingtothefeaturethatputsthemostimportantthingsintheverybeginningofnews,theimportanceofheadlinedeservespeople’sattention.AstheEnglishproverbsaysthatagoodbeginningishalfthebattle,anexcellentheadlinecanattractpeopleandmovethem.Itisquitedifficultfortranslatorstoachievethegoal.InanefforttopresentabetterunderstandingofEnglishnewsheadline,therebyhelpingtofindwaystodeveloptheprinciplesandcriterionsofheadlinetranslation,thendealingwiththeactualproblemseffectively,thispaperintroducesthedefinition,classificationandfunctionofEnglishnewsheadline,providesacomprehensiveexpatiationonthefeaturesofEnglishnewsheadlinefromlexical,grammatical,rhetoricallevel.

2.TheCharacteristicsofEnglishNewsHeadlines

2.1ThelexicalcharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines

Inordertohelpreadersgetmoreinformation,theheadlineshouldbemadeconcise.Aheadlineusuallycancatchthereaders’eyesanddemonstratemaineventbyusingsmall,abbreviations,vogueandnewly-createdwords.

2.1.1Short

Generallyspeaking,thenewsreportistheobjectivepresentationofwhathashappened,whichisdifferentfromliterarycomposing.Sothewritershouldusesomeclearandconcisewordsinsteadofclinches（方梦之、毛忠明，2005）.Theuseofshortwordsisoneway..Forinstance,

E.g.1PremierpraisesDaysBaynukeplant.李鹏赞扬大亚湾核电站。

E.g.2SwissbanonChinesepoultryimportsliftedundercondition.瑞士队中国家禽进口的禁令有条件地被取消。

Intheaboveheadlines,theword”nuke”isusedinsteadof“nuclear”andtheword“ban”isusedinsteadof“prohibit”,“forbid”andotherwords.Inthisway,itisevidentthattheuseofshortwordscansavesomeplaceforthenewspaperandsometimeforthereader.

2.1.2Abbreviations

Abbreviation,whichisusedinalargequantityinEnglishnewspaper,means“Ashortenedformofawordorphraseusedchieflyinwritingtorepresentthecompleteform”.Generallyspeaking,thereare3typesofAbbreviationsusedinthenewspaper.

Thefirsttypeofabbreviationisorganizations.

Examples:

UNESCO=UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCultureOrganization

PLO=PalestineLiberationOrganization

IOC=InternationalOlympicCommittee

NASA=NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration

APEC=Asia-PacificEconomicCooperationConference

FIFA=FederationInternationalFootballAssociation

Thesecondofabbreviationisprofessionandcareer.

Examples:

MP=memberofparliamentPM=primeminister

GM=generalmanagerPA=personalassistant

Thelastistheabbreviationforourfamiliarthings

Examples:

UFO=UnidentifiedFlyingObjectDJI=Dow-JonesIndex

AIDS=AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome

GMT=GreenwichMeanTimes

Laser=LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation

Radar=RadioDetectionandRanging

Sonar=SoundNavigationRanging

TOEFL=TestofEnglishasAForeignLanguage

IELTS=InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem

2.1.3Voguewords

InEnglishnewsheadlines,somewordscalledasvoguewordsareverypopularforacertainperiod.Forsuchvoguewords,somewillvanishlaterandotherswillexistforaverylongtime（方梦之、毛忠明，2005）.Nomatterwhattheywillbe,theyareallendowedwithsomecluesofitstimesandareveryimpressive.Forinstance,

E.g.1Year2000BugUnstoppableforsomecompanies.计算机千年虫问题迫在眉睫

E.g.2TheSic-fimoviecomestrue.科幻电影变现实

Fromthevoguewords“Year2000Bug”and“Thesci-fimovie”,wecangetsomeclueoftheirtimes.

.1.4Imitationwords

Intermsofaparticularoccasion,thereportersometimeswillcoinsomenewwordsinanimpromptuway,inspiredbysomeimaginationsandanalogies.Thesewordsarecalledas“imitationwords”（顾飞荣、王永康，2008）.Forinstance,

E.g.GovernatorArnoldSchwarzeneggerwenttotakeoffice.结者当州长，施瓦辛格今日走马上任。

Theimitationword“Governator”isderivedfrom“governor”and“teminator”.Wecansensetheeffectofhumorfromsuchkindofimitationwords.

2.2ThegrammaticalcharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines

Inordertodisplaytheinformationthatreaderswanttohaveinalimitedtimeandspace,mostofthenewsheadlinesmustkeepitsconciseness.Thenthecompactstructurebecomesonechoicetoachievethatconciseness.

2.2.1Thetense

Fortherequirementofclearnessandconciseness,thenewsheadlinehasformeditsownfeaturesoftense;soastonotonlyconveythemeaning,butalsothesenseoftime（芦春光，2007）.

（1）Thepresenttenseusuallyusedfordemonstratingwhathashappenedinthepast

Generallyspeaking,thereportsinthenewspapermoreoftenthannothavetakenplaceinthepast.Naturally,weshouldwritetheminthepasttensesofarasthegrammarisconcerned（张洁，2004）.However,thepasttensewillreadilyproduceasenseofbeingout-of-date.Sothepresenttenseisalwaysusedinordertomaintainfreshness.Forinstance,

E.g.1EdinburghBooksLiteraryTitle.爱丁堡获“世界文学城市称号”。

E.g.2SingaporeStarGivesPartofLivertoSaveDyingLover.若为爱情故，肝脏也可抛-狮城上演撼人生死恋。

（2）Theuseofinfinitivetoconveywhatwillhappeninthefuture

Forwhatwillhappeninthefuture,besidesthatstructure“will+verb”,peoplemoreoftenadoptthisstructure“be+to”,inwhich“be”isalwaysomittedsoastosavethespace.Forinstance,

E.g.1PeckingtofiretestrockettoSouthPacific.（PeckingistofiretestrockettoSouthPacific）

E.g.2BlairtoflytoUSforwarsummitwithBush.（BlairistoflytoUSforwarsummitwithBush.）

（3）Theuseofpresentparticipleforwhatishappening

Fortheeventsoractivitiesthatareoccurring,reporterswillconformtothenormalgrammaticalrules,namely,thestructureof“be+presentparticiple”whileofteneliminating“be”（丁青、田传茂，2003）.Forinstance,

E.g.1BillGatesworkingonanewbook.（BillGatesisworkingonanewbook）比

盖茨撰写新书科技先锋展望未来。

E.g.2Deposits,LoansRisinginShanghai=DepositsandLoansisRisinginShanghai.上海储蓄和贷款呈增长态势。

2.2.2Omission

Omissionreferstoomittingsomewordsthatwillnotinfluencethewholemeaningaftertheirdisappearance,suchasthearticle,theconjunction,thelinkverb,theauxiliaryandsoon.Theomissionofthemcanrendertheessentialinformationmoreprominent.Forinstance,

E.g.1GeneProje