乌鲁木齐市最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

乌鲁木齐市最新 高考英语 阅读理解专题练习及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

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SightexpertProfessorDanielO'

Leary,ofAngliaRuskinUniversityinCambridge,said"

Atthemomentwedon'

tknowtheprecisecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight,buttheevidenceseemstoprovethatitisoneofthereasonsforpeoplebecomingshortsighted."

（1）Babiesborninsummeraremorelikelytobeshortsighted____________.

A. 

becausethesummersunistoostrongforbabies

B. 

becausebabiesborninsummerhavelengthenedeyeballs

C. 

iftheyareexposedtoomuchsunlightinthefirstweeksaftertheyarebornD

ifparentsdon'

tknowaproperwaytoprotecttheirbabies'

eyes

（2）Melatoninisakindofmaterialto___________.

preventtheeyesfrombecomingnear-sighted 

protecttheskinfromharmfulsunrays

makeourbodystrong 

D. 

protectbabies'

eyesfromsummersun

（3）FromwhatProfessorDanielO'

Learysayswecanconcludethat___________.

thereisnoevidencethatshortsightednessisrelatedtoexposuretosunlight

whetherlightexposureaffectssightstillneedstobefurtherproved

hebelievesthatlightexposurecancauseshortsightedness

hetriestogivethecauseofwhylightexposureaffectssight

（4）Theunderlinedword"

vulnerable"

inthepassageprobablymeans__________.

easytobeharmed 

resistant 

protective 

changeable

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段和第二段可知，眼科专家称：

在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，因为由于婴儿在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第三段中的“Themechanismwhichlengthenstheeyeballisassociatedwithlevelsofmelatonin（褪黑激素）,apigment（色素）whichprotectstheskinagainstharmfulraysofthesun.“可知，褪黑激素是一种可以保护皮肤不受阳光紫外线伤害的色素。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段可知，剑桥大学的 

视学专家DanielO'

Leary教授相信暴露在阳光下会导致人们近视眼。

故选C。

（4）考查词义猜测。

在婴幼儿时期，没有产生足够的褪黑激素作为保护，婴幼儿更容易被阳光灼伤，并且改变眼球的形状。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.

TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain（TPCGB）,whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.

Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.

"

Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6′6″（6feetand6inches）isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemalepopulation."

SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,"

seven-footbedswouldworkfine."

Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelong-leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.

Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses′CaledomanHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.

（1）WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?

Toprovidebetterservices.

Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.

Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.

Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.

（2）WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?

7′2″. 

7′ 

6′6″ 

6′3″

（3）Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?

Theymaylosesomecustomers.

Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.

Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.

Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.

（4）WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?

Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds. 

6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.

SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans. 

Guestroomsarestandardized.

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP在六个月以前向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动。

根据第二段中的“whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.”可知TPCGP是为了让公众注意高个子的一些特殊需求。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第三段中的“SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,‘seven-footbedswouldworkfine.’”Tpcgb总裁PhilHeinricy,说，七英尺的床就够了可知选B。

根据倒数第二段可知，如果饭店使用小的桌子，自然就失去了高个子这样一类群体的顾客。

选A。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.”在高个子游客要求更长的床位后，6′6床位现在被作为标准放置，尤其是美国人，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Whensomeoneisrudetoyou,itcanputyouinabadmood.Itmayevenleadyoutoberudetosomeoneelse,creatingachainofrudeness.Infact,thistroublingchainmayevenbecausedbysimplyseeingsomeoneberudetoanotherperson.Youdon'

tevenhavetobethetargetofthehadbehavior,"

statedaresearcher.

Theresearchersworkedwith81persons,withoccupationsrangingfromsecuritytobusinesstomedicine,whowereaskedtocompleteonlinesurveysovera10-dayperiod.Participantsrecordedtheirmoodswhentheywokeup;

andintheevening,theydescribedtheirexperiencesoverthecourseofthatday.

Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.Halfofthemornings,thevideoincludedsomekindofrudenesswhiletheotherhalfhadsomekindofwarminteractionintheworkplace.Rudenesswasconveyedthroughvariousmeans,includingalackofeyecontactorunpleasantlanguage.

Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.

Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.Afewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.

Consequently,oneoftheresearchersrecommendedthatcompanieshiremanagerswhocanlimitexposuretorudeness,provideplentyofpositivereinforcement（强化）andbuildacivilworkplaceenvironment.This,inturn,couldhelpemployeesbuildtheirconfidencelevelsandhelpthembetterhandleworkplacerudeness.

（1）WhatisParagraph1intendedtoshow?

Thepopularityofrudeness. 

Aregularcauseofrudeness.

Anewfindingaboutrudeness. 

Thecommondisadvantageofrudeness.

（2）Whyaretheshortvideosplayedfortheparticipants?

Tomakethemspreadrudeness.

Toeducatethemonworkplaceinteraction.

Toexposethemtovariousaspectsofrudeness.

Toteachthemhowtouserightbodylanguages.

（3）Whatistheprobableeffectofwatchingthevideosonsomeparticipants?

Beingunwillingtowork. 

Poorabilitytodotheirwork.

Seriousemotionalsufferings. 

Lessinteractionwithothers.

（4）Whomaynotbeaffectedbytherudenessvideos?

A.Peoplepositiveandkindtothemselves.

B.Peoplekeepingcalminstressfulsituations.

C.Peopleowningconfidenceinothers'

ability.

D.Peopleparticipatingintherudenessexperiment.

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，关于“无礼”行为作为一种“传染性”行为是可以避免的。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Youdon'

tevenhavetobethetargetofthebadbehavior”你甚至不必成为不良行为的目标，可知，第一段前半部分在描述了这种无礼行为的“传染性”之后，是在引出一项关于这种行为的新发现。

根据第三段中的“Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.”每天早上，参与者还观看了一段描述某种工作场所互动的短视频；

第