布兰查德宏观经济学第七版第7版英文版chapter18Word格式.docx

布兰查德宏观经济学第七版第7版英文版chapter18Word格式.docx

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2）Whichofthefollowingrepresentsthedomesticdemandforgoods?

C）C+I+G-IM/ε

D）C+I+G+X-εM/ε

E）C+I+G+X+εIM

A

3）Theexpression,IM,representsthevalueofimportsintermsof

A）foreigncurrency.

B）domesticcurrency.

C）foreigngoods.

D）domesticgoods.

E）exports.

C

2

4）Thequantityofimportswillincreasewhenthereis

A）areductionintherealexchangerate.

B）anincreaseindomesticoutput.

C）anincreaseinforeignoutput.

D）alloftheabove

E）noneoftheabove

B

5）Exportswilldecreasewhenthereis

A）anincreaseintherealexchangerate.

6）Explainthedifferencebetween:

（1）thedemandfordomesticgoods;

and

（2）thedomesticdemandforgoods.

ThedemandfordomesticgoodsrepresentsthedemandforgoodsproducedINacountry.Thismeasurewilltakeintoaccountthosegoodsproduceddomesticallyandsoldabroad（exports）andthefactthatsomegoodspurchaseddomesticallywereproducedabroad（imports）.Thedomesticdemandforgoodsrepresentsthedemandforgoodsbydomesticindividuals,firms,andgovernment:

C+I+G.ThedifferencebetweenthetwoisNX.

7）Explainthedeterminantsofexportsandimports.

Exportsareafunctionofforeignoutputandtherealexchangerate.Importsareafunctionofdomesticoutputandtheexchangerate.

8）Explainwhythedemandfordomesticgoodscurve（ZZ）hasadifferentshapethanthedomesticdemandcurve（DD）.

Themarginalpropensitytoimportexplainsthis.AsYincreases,CandIwillincreasecausinganincreaseinDD.Someofthisincreaseindemandisforforeigngoods.ThismustbesubtractedfromDDtoobtainZZ.So,agivenincreaseinYwillhavealargereffectonDDthanitwillonZZ.

18.2EquilibriumOutputandtheTradeBalance

1）Whichofthefollowingoccurswhenthegoodsmarketisinequilibrium?

A）Domesticoutput（Y）equalsthedemandfordomesticgoods.

B）Yequalsthedomesticdemandforgoods.

C）Yequalsthedomesticdemandfordomesticgoods.

D）Netexportsequals0.

E）Demandfordomesticgoodsequalsthedomesticdemandforgoods.

2）Whichofthefollowingistruewhenacountryisexperiencingatradesurplus（NX>

0）?

A）Demandfordomesticgoodsisequaltothedomesticdemandforgoods.

B）Demandfordomesticgoodsisgreaterthanthedomesticdemandforgoods.

C）Demandfordomesticgoodsislessthanthedomesticdemandforgoods.

D）Abudgetsurplusexists.

3）Whichofthefollowingistruewhenacountyisexperiencingatradedeficit（NX<

D）Abudgetdeficitexists.

4）Whichofthefollowingistruewhenacountry'

stradepositionisbalanced（i.e.,NX=0）?

D）Neitherabudgetsurplusnordeficitexists（i.e.,G-T=0）.

5）AssumetheMarshall-Lernerconditionholds.Whichofthefollowingwillcauseanincreaseinnetexports?

A）anincreaseingovernmentspending

B）anincreaseininvestment

C）areductioninforeignoutput

D）areductionintherealexchangerate

E）alloftheabove

D

6）UsingtheZZ/YandNXgraphs,illustrategraphicallyandexplainwhateffectareductionintaxeswillhaveonoutput,exports,imports,andnetexports.Clearlylabelallcurvesandclearlylabeltheinitialandfinalequilibria.

AreductioninTwillcauseanincreaseinCandcauseZZtoshiftupasdemandrises.YwillincreasecausinganincreaseinCandS.AsYrises,importswillrise.Giventhatexportsdonotchange,netexportswilldecrease.

7）UsingtheZZ/YandNXgraphs,illustrategraphicallyandexplainwhateffectareductioninforeignoutput（Y*）willhaveonoutput,exports,imports,andnetexports.Clearlylabelallcurvesandclearlylabeltheinitialandfinalequilibria.

Areductioninforeignincome,Y*,willcauseadecreaseinexports（theNXcurveshiftsup）andandecreaseindemand.Asdemandfalls,YwilldecreasecausingafallinCandS.AsYdecreases,importswilldecreaseaswell.Asshowninthetext,thedecreaseinimportswillbelessthanthefallinexports.So,NXwillbelower.

8）Explainwhyinpracticepolicycoordinationishardtoachieve.

Oneofreasonsisthatsomecountriesmighthavetodomorethanothersandmaynotwanttodoso.Second,countrieshaveastrongincentivetopromisetocoordinateandthennotdeliveronthatpromise.Onlywhenthingsarereallybad,doescoordinationappeartotakehold.

9）UsingtheZZ/YandNXgraphs,illustrategraphicallyandexplainwhateffectanincreaseingovernmentspendingwillhaveonoutput,exports,imports,andnetexports.Clearlylabelallcurvesandclearlylabeltheinitialandfinalequilibria.

AnincreaseingovernmentspendingwillcauseZZtoshiftupasdemandrises.YwillincreasecausinganincreaseinCandS.AsYrises,importswillrise.Giventhatexportsdonotchange,netexportswilldecrease.

18.3IncreasesinDemand-DomesticorForeign

1）Inanopeneconomy,anincreaseingovernmentspendingwillcause

A）areductionindomesticoutput.

B）areductioninimports.

C）areductioninnetexports.

2）Inanopeneconomy,whichofthefollowingwillcauseanincreaseinthesizeofthemultiplier?

A）areductioninthemarginalpropensitytoimport

B）areductionforeignoutput

C）anincreaseinthemarginalpropensitytosave

3）Supposethereisareductioninforeignoutput（Y*）.ThisreductioninY*willcausewhichofthefollowinginthedomesticcountry?

A）areductioninoutput

B）areductioninconsumption

C）areductioninnetexports

4）Whichofthefollowingwillalwayscauseanincreaseinnetexports?

A）areductionindomesticoutput

B）anincreaseintherealexchangerate

C）anincreaseingovernmentspending

D）anincreaseininvestment

5）Anincreaseingovernmentspendingwillhaveagreaterimpactonnetexportswhen

A）themarginalpropensitytosaveissmaller.

B）theeconomyisclosed.

C）thesensitivityofinvestmenttoincomeissmaller.

6）Whichofthefollowingwilloccurinasmallcountrywithahighmarginalpropensitytoimport?

A）Changesingovernmentspendingwillcauselargechangesinoutput.

B）Changesingovernmentspendingwillcauselargechangesinthetradebalance.

C）Adepreciationwillcauseonlysmallchangesinthetradebalance.

D）Thereisnocombinationofpoliciesthatcaneliminatethetradedeficit.

7）Whichofthefollowingwouldmakethespendingmultipliersmaller?

A）areductioninmarginalpropensitytosave

B）asmallinitialtradedeficit

C）areductioninthemarginalpropensitytoimport

D）arealappreciation

8）Supposethattherestoftheworldexperiencesaneconomicboomcausinganincreaseinforeignoutput（Y*）.ThisincreaseinY*willnotcausewhichofthefollowingtooccur?

A）thedomesticcountry'

soutputtoincrease

B）thedomesticcountry'

sconsumptiontoincrease

C）thedomesticcountry'

soutputtoincreaseanditstradebalancetoworsenasimportsincrease

9）Inanopeneconomy,netexportswillbeequaltowhichofthefollowing?

A）X-IM/ε

B）T-G

C）DD

D）Z

E）S-I

10）Whichofthefollowingwilloccurasaresultofataxincrease?

A）privatesavingincreases

B）investmentincreases

C）thetradebalanceimproves

D）thetradebalanceworsens

E）thebudgetdeficitincreases

11）Anopeneconomywithalowsavingrate（privateandpublic）musthave

A）lowinvestmentonly.

B）highinvestmentonly.

C）atradesurplusonly.

D）lowinvestmentoratradedeficit.

E）lowinvestmentoratradesurplus.

12）Policycoordinationisdifficultbecauseeachcountry

A）preferstobetheonetoincreasedemand.

B）preferstobetheonetoappreciateitscurrency.

C）prefersthatothercountriesincreasetheirdemand.

D）preferstobetheonetoincreasetaxes.

E）prefersthatothercountriesincreasetaxes.

13）Whichofthefollowingconditionsmustbesatisfiedforthedemandfordomesticgoodstobeequaltothedomesticdemandforgoods?

A）X=εIM

B）X=0

C）G-T=0

D）S=I

E）X=IM/ε

14）Anincreaseinwhichofthefollowingvariableswillcauseareductioninthedemandfordomesticgoods?

A）foreignincome

B）therealexchanger